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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A functional analysis of the Glycine max H2A.Z9 gene family in relation to defense to Heterodera glycines parasitism

Acharya, Sudha 30 April 2021 (has links) (PDF)
The histone 2A (H2A) variant Z (H2A.Z) regulates gene expression, replacing H2A predominately at +1 nucleosomes. Whereas, H2A.Z can act as either a positive or negative transcriptional regulator, this research focuses on its transcriptional activation role. This thesis focuses on examining the Glycine max HTA9 gene family (H2A.Z9). The Arabidopsis thaliana HTA9 protein sequence was used to query the G. max proteome resulting in identification of five H2A.Z9 (H2A.Z9-1-5) paralogs. H2A.Z9-1, H2A.Z9-2, H2A.Z9-4, and H2A.Z9-5 are expressed within Heterodera glycines-parasitized root cells undergoing defense. All 5 paralogs, including H2A.Z9-3, were studied in transgenic-functional analyses. Data demonstrates that H2A.Z9 overexpression leads to a 60-70% reduction in H. glycines- parasitism with no effect on root growth. In contrast, H2A.Z9 knockdown by RNAi results in a 3.5-5.0-fold increase in H. glycines-parasitism with no effect on root growth. These results demonstrate that H2A.Z9 is important to G. max defense toward H. glycines-parasitism and indicate possible redundant or specific roles for each paralog.
2

Interferência de Pratylenchus Brachyurus em soja sob diferentes sistemas de cultivo e desempenho agronômico de cultivares de batata-doce em área infestada com Meloidogyne Incognita

Lima, Fábia Silva de Oliveira 03 September 2015 (has links)
Pratylenchus brachyurus tem se tornado cada vez mais frequente em campos de soja em todo Brasil com perdas na producção estimada em 30%. Atualmente não há relatos de cultivares de soja resistentes a P. brachyurius e as estratégias de controles incluem rotação com culturas não hospedeiras, pousio, além do uso de nematicidas. Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a dinâmica populacional de P. brachyurus em áreas de soja no estado do Tocantins e em áreas plantadas com culturas de safrinha em esquema de sucessão após colheita de soja. As densidades de P. brachyurus observadas em campos de soja em onze municípios do estado do Tocantins variaram de 23 a 20.400 nematoides por amostras de 200 cc de solo ou 10g de raízes. Em dois locais, a média da densidade de nematoides foi maior, com desenvolvimento menor da soja em amostras de solo e raízes tomadas dentro de reboleiras com sintomas do nematoide, comparados com amostras de parcelas fora das reboleiras, uma redução geral de 44,3% na altura das plantas e 39,7% no número de vagens. Em áreas plantadas com culturas de entressafra, previamente cultivadas com soja, incluindo milho, sorgo, milheto, crotalária, além de uma área de pousio como tratamento, a densidade média de P. brachyurus variou entre 122 e 504 espécimes por 10g de raiz e entre 3 e 96 por 200 cc de solo. No geral, a densidade média não diferiu estatisticamente entre as espécies testadas e todas as culturas utilizadas no esquema de sucessão permitiu a multiplicação de P. brachyurus. Em conclusão, o cultivo destas espécies usadas neste estudo não são recomendadas para o manejo de P. brachyurus em campos de soja. No entanto, o uso de culturas não hospedeiras ou a utilização do sistema de pousio pode ajudar a diminuir o nível populacional de P. brachyurus em áreas de soja. / Pratylenchus brachyurus has become increasingly frequent in soybean fields throughout Brazil where yield loss assessments have reported reduction up to 30%. Currently, no soybean cultivars resistant to P. brachyurus have been identified and management strategies include crop rotation with non-host crops, fallow, and the application of nematicides. The goals of this study were to examine the population dynamics of P. brachyurus in soybean fields throughout Tocantins state and in areas planted with off-season crops following soybean harvest in a crop succession scheme. Pratylenchus brachyurus was present in ca. 82% of samples with densities in soybean fields ranging from 23 to 20,400 nematodes per 200 cm3 soil or 10g root samples. In two sites, the mean nematode density was higher within infestation foci which were characterized by poor soybean growth compared to those from outside infestation foci, with an overall reduction of 44.3% in plant height and 39.7% in pod numbers. Following soybean harvest in areas planted with off-season crops including maize, sorghum, millet, crotalaria as well as an area maintained as a fallow treatment, the mean density of P. brachyurus ranged from 122 to 504 individuals per 10 g root sample and from 3 to 96 per 200 cm3 soil. Overall, the mean density of nematodes did not differ significantly among plant species and all crops used in the succession scheme allowed P. brachyurus multiplication. In summary, off-season cultivation with the crops used in this study is not recommended for management of P. brachyurus in soybean, but the use of fallow or non-hosts may be helpful in lowering the population density of P. brachyurus in soybean fields.

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