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A Mechanistic Model of Hemoglobin GlycosylationJanuary 2020 (has links)
archives@tulane.edu / Abstract
Glucose metabolism has become of particular importance with the epidemic of diabetes rising at an exponential rate. The current clinical standard used to diagnose and monitor diabetes measures the level of glycation on the terminal valine of the β- subunit of hemoglobin (HbA1c).1,2 Current focus is limited to the extent of forming fructosamine, and although a stable product, its levels have been found to not always be a reliable index of mean blood glucose concentrations.3–5 Examination of some of the precursors to this fructosamine could be the key to understanding the discrepancies within the current HbA1c test, potentially removing the need for a systematic measurement of test result variability, the glycosylation gap (GGap).4 Using a valine derivative to mimic the terminal amino acid of hemoglobin, we were able to experimentally model this non-enzymatic reaction by reacting valinamide with glucose to produce a glucosylamine, followed by rearrangement to the more stable fructosamine. This kinetic model gives insight into the mechanistic variables involved in the formation of HbA1c and suggest that measurement of glucosylamine levels may provide a more reliable index of mean blood glucose levels. Gluconic acid is also suggested as a metabolic marker for diabetic diagnosis due to the relatively favorable oxidation of glucosylamine. Formation of gluconic acid, known to have increased concentrations in diabetics, could potentially be an alternative pathway in glucose metabolism. / 1 / Karry LeBlanc
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Étude de l'impact de la glycation sur la guérison des plaies cutanéesThouin, Kiefer 24 April 2018 (has links)
La cicatrisation d’une plaie cutanée est un processus essentiel pour rétablir la fonction barrière de la peau afin de prévenir les pertes liquidiennes et les risques d’infections. Il s’agit d’un processus gouverné par de nombreux facteurs, dont l’inflammation est un des principaux. De plus, le système nerveux périphérique joue un rôle majeur dans ce processus en induisant l’inflammation neurogène via la sécrétion de neuropeptides, en particulier la Substance P (SP) et la Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP), par les neurones sensoriels. Dans le cadre d’une pathologie très commune, le diabète, la cicatrisation des plaies cutanées peut être fortement compromise. L’hyperglycémie induite par le diabète a pour effet de provoquer la glycation des tissus, qui se traduit par la formation des ‘’advanced glycation end-products’’ (AGEs), comme la N-carboxyméthyl-lysine (CML) exprimée dans la peau. Une neuropathie peut être observée chez certains patients ce qui peut aggraver davantage la déficience de la cicatrisation de plaies. Cela peut conduire au développement d’ulcères et ultimement à l’amputation des membres inférieurs dans certains cas. Nous voulons donc, par un traitement avec une molécule anti-glycante, l’aminoguanidine (empêche la formation d’AGE), et avec les neuropeptides SP et CGRP, inhiber les effets délétères des AGEs dans la fermeture de plaies cutanées. Par conséquent, ceci permettrait de compenser l’absence de neuropeptides sécrétés due à la neuropathie, ce qui accélérerait la fermeture de plaie cutanée. Cette approche pourrait permettre à certains patients diabétiques d’éviter d’avoir recours à l’amputation de membres inférieurs en refermant efficacement les ulcères ainsi qu’en évitant d’autres complications comme l’infection. / The wound healing process is essential to restore the skin barrier function to prevent fluid loss and infection. It is a process led by many factors and inflammation is an important one. Furthermore, the peripheral nervous system plays an important role in this process by inducing neurogenic inflammation that lead to neuropeptides secretion, more specifically P substance (SP) and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP), by sensitive neurons. Diabetes is a common pathology that can cause neuropathy and aggravates wound healing closure. Hyperglycemia induced in diabetes can causes tissues glycation by the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), like N-carboxymethyl-Lysin (CML) that is expressed in skin. Some patients develop a neuropathy that participated in the wound healing alterations. That can lead to ulcer development and high risks of lower limb amputation. Our interest to find a treatment with AGE-breaker, aminoguanidine (prevent AGE formation), and neuropeptides SP in combination of CGRP is attractive because it inhibits deleterious effects by AGEs in wound healing and it compensate for the neurons death and the decrease of neuropeptides. Results show that our proposed treatment accelerated wound closure. This approach could avoid to some diabetic patients to the need of lower limb amputation by rapidly and efficiently closing foot ulcer and at the same time, avoid other complications like infections.
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The role of agalactosyl IgG in rheumatoid arthritisLastra, German Carlos January 1998 (has links)
No description available.
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Nucleoside diphosphatase of biomembranesJames, Helen Margaret January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
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The glycosylation of recombinant human interferon-gamma in Chinese hamster ovary cellsGreen, Nicola Helen January 1998 (has links)
No description available.
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Identification of host proteins required for bacteriophage infection of Streptomyces spCowlishaw, Deborah Anne January 2001 (has links)
No description available.
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The synthesis of glycopeptides and glycoproteinsSage, Karen Anne January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
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The #alpha#-glucosidases of Drosophila melanogasterParker, George F. January 1993 (has links)
No description available.
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Hémisynthèse de saponosides à hédéragénine. Etude de l'influence de la chaïne osidique sur l'activité hémolytiqueChwalek, Martin Plé, Karen. Voutquenne-Nazabadioko, Laurence. January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Reproduction de : Thèse doctorat : Pharmacie. Chimie organique des substances naturelles : Reims : 2004. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p.211-223.
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<>.Kochanowski, Nadine Goergen, Jean-Louis January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Thèse de doctorat : Procédés biotechnologiques et alimentaires : Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL : 2005. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.
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