A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science. / Phytoremeditation of mine tailings provides the most cost-effective means of alleviating their pollutant effects. Research has shown that successful revegetation of mine tailings can be optimised by providing appropriate microbial symbionts for the plants. The aim of this study was to assess the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) status of trees currently being used for phytoremediation trials of mine tailings in the Welkom gold fields, and to determine the AM fungal diversity of these sites. The Acacia spp. analysed were growing on rehabilitated gold and uranium mine tailings which had undergone different rehabilitation regimes. Planted acacia trees which had been inoculated with crude AM fungal inocula were present on one mine tailing site as compared to the second mine tailing site on which the acacias were naturally colonisers and the site had been ameliorated with garden refuse. Root and slime samples were collected in early spring and half if each initial sample was used immediately for colonisation analysis and to identify AM fungi through molecular analysis of the small subunit rRNS gene sequences; the other half of each sample was used to produce trap cultures which were used later for colonisation and molecular analysis. Total AM fungal colonisation of initial samples for planted acacies was 19 % and for naturally colonising acacias was 66 %. The total AM fungal colonisation of trap culture samples for planted acacias increased to 32 % and for naturallhy colonising acacias it increased to 78 %. Spore counts of initial samples averaged 402 spores per 100 g-1 soil for planted acacias and 455 spores per 100 g-1 soil for naturally colonising acacias. For trap culture samples, spore counts decreased by approximately 50 %. The AM fungi identified fell within 8 genera, namely, Diversispora, Rhizophagus, Scutellospora, Claroideoglomus, Cetraspora, Sclerocystis, Glomus and Redecker. The study represents a first report utilising molecular biosystematics with AM fungal DNA from colonised roots as the template. The results will assist in making decisions about future AM fungal surveys and applying AM fungal inoculum in phytoremediation trials of mine waste sites. Key words: Phytoremediation, mine tailings, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, Acacia, molecular identification, SSU rRNA gene sequence

No description available.

No description available.

A person living in Calaveras County is constantly reminded of the glorious past when the mines and camps were in full swing. The old buildings with their iron shutters, the great piles of worked-over gravel, and the stories of the old-timers all stimulate a person's curiosity about the romantic past. Therefore, it has been my ambition since first coming into the county to make a serious study of the early days and put down my findings in an organized paper. There are no printed works at all complete on the county as a whole. Mason's History of Amador County and Buckbee's Pioneer Days of Angels Camp have been helpful. Mason, however, deals with Calaveras County only before 1854, when Amador became a separate county, and his interest was with that area that later became Amador. Mrs. Buckbee deals only with Angel's Camp. Therefore, I believe that I have brought together in this paper the most complete history of the county up to 1866 that has ever been written.

The object of this paper is a study of the geology and the commercial occurrence of gold on the Scotia Gold Property, number two. This study is based in part on field observations which the writer made during the summer 1937 under the auspices of the Canadian Geological Survey, and in part on laboratory investigations which are based on the study of both, the thin sections of rock and the polished opaque sections of the ore. The property or the company described in this report is situated in southeastern Manitoba, in the Rice Lake Mining Area, approximately 150 miles northeast of the city of Winnipeg and within ten miles of the Ontario-Manitoba boundary and in the Long-Lake-Beresford-Lake section. The group of claims comprising this gold prospect is located in Township 22, Range 16. East of the Principal Meridian, as shown in the index map (figure 1). The surrounding formations and including those found on the property are known as the gold-bearing quartz veins of the Beresford-Rice lakes area lying in the basins of the Manigotogan and Wanipigow rivers. This complex belt or sediments and volcanics is Pre-Cambrian in age and varies in width from two to ten miles and about fifty miles long. The rock formations immediately surrounding this greenstone belt are deep seated granite intrusives and in some places, have penetrated the basic complex and are now exposed as large granite bodies. / Master of Science

Thesis (Ph. D.) - Central University of Technology, Free State, 2008 / This study primarily focuses on the factors that should be taken into account when developing Learning and Teaching Support Material (LTSM) to be used by FET Accounting educators to improve the results of their learners. In order to accomplish this aim, literature from published books, textbooks, guidelines and syllabi from the Department of Education, speeches and articles on the internet, interviews and questionnaires were used in capturing data to establish the essence of Accounting and Accounting principles, to determine the educational changes regarding the curriculum that were made and the influence of these changes on the Accounting syllabi for the FET phase, to identify the factors that hamper the improvement of FET Accounting results in schools and to identify, describe and analyse a curriculum and LTSM. A triangulation methodology was employed in this study where qualitative data (interviews) and quantitative data (questionnaires) were captured. Through the interviews with the Learning Facilitators of Accounting and questionnaires completed by Accounting educators, it became clear that a lack of LTSM exist in Accounting. Accounting educators indicated that they are in dire need of LTSM for the FET phase to be able to improve the results of their Accounting learners in tests and examinations.

No description available.

M.Com. / The objective of this study was to address problems pertaining to the effectiveness of hostel representative structures within the mining industry. As part of the study, it was thought pertinent to interview hostel representatives themselves, in order to establish areas in which improvement could be made. The actual approach was to determine the roles and responsibilities of the hostel representatives and gain suggestions from hostel representatives themselves on the causes of inefficiencies of hostel representative structures. In addition, hostel accommodation preferences were determined; by identifying major functions of the hostel representatives, problems reducing their effectiveness, hostel structures which are more effective, and the reasons of their effectiveness. Views of management and representative structures were also determined; this was done by identifying the degree of trust in both mine and hostel management to look after the interests of the hostel representatives. In addition, effectiveness of various hostel representative groupings was determined. Different forms of worker representative structures on the mine were identified and discussed. The theoretical model of forms of worker participation was discussed to further assist in conceptually clarifying the wide field of worker participation. The actual results reported from this study seem to indicate that: hostel representatives' major functions are; disciplinary, communication, domestic, legal, dispute resolution and hostel management deputising functions. Problems that reduce the effectiveness of the hostel representatives were hostel intruders and undisciplined residents, lack of maintenance in the hostel, lack of protective clothing, mine management undermining of the hostel representatives, hostel committee's failure to follow constitution, a lack of promotional opportunities, power struggle union and management structures. In addition, having to consult with other representative structures caused delays in case settlement. Lack of remuneration of the hostel representatives reduced the effectiveness of the hostel representatives. Role conflict between underground work and representative role was also a hindrance to the hostel representatives. Failure of the hostel representatives to attend meetings was also a cause which reduced the effectiveness of the hostel representatives. The Tribal Prefect is considered as more effective than the Block Stewards, the Administration Assistants and the Hostel Committee Members. The Administration Assistants are perceived as most effective in looking after the interests of hostel employees than other hostel representatives.

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Dissertation (M Eng (Electrical Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering / unrestricted

Disease prevalence varies with geographic location. This research pursues a medical geographic perspective and examines the spatial variations in disease patterns between Obuasi, a gold mining town and Asankrangwa, a non gold mining town in Ghana, West Africa. Political ecology/economy and the human ecology frameworks are used to explain the prevalence of diseases. Mining alters the environment and allows disease causing pathogens and vectors to survive more freely than in other similar environments. Certain diseases such as upper respiratory tract infections, ear infections, sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDS and syphilis, certain skin diseases and rheumatism and joint pains may have a higher prevalence in Obuasi when compared to Asankrangwa due to the mining in Obuasi.