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The healthcare burden of obesity in South Africa: a reflection on the role of governmentFairbrother, Amy Kate 23 September 2010 (has links)
MSc (Med), Bioethics and Health Law, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand / Rising levels of obesity pose a major threat to the public health system in
South Africa and in many other parts of the world. Yet the question of
whether or not the prevention of obesity should become a matter for public
health remains contentious. In this research report, I explore the issues
that surround a high burden of obesity in South Africa, including some
contributing factors and arguments for and against public health
intervention. I will show how globalization, a consumerist culture and the
media's representation of "the good life" have contributed to the obesity
epidemic. In this context, I will argue that the South African government
has a responsibility to curb increases in obesity levels.
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Privatisation and market structure : a game theoretic approachLivaic, Zelko F., University of Western Sydney, Nepean, Faculty of Business January 2000 (has links)
This thesis focuses on the impacts of privatisation on the relevant industrial structure of the economy. Standard tools of industrial organisation theory are applied to examine these impacts and, thereby, shed light on relevant welfare issues. The focus of this thesis is to examine the ramifications of privatisation in imperfectly competitive markets. Simple Cournot-Nash types of games have been developed, where the market is a duopoly containing a privatised firm with the other firm being a new entrant. These games examine the efficacy and impacts of privatisation, and the role of government in this duopoly. The thesis endrogenously derives multiple equilibria in the duopolistic market; examines decontrolling/deregulating a vertical market; looks at the potential competition in vertical markets and examines potential collusion among existing firms to forestall entry; and addresses issues of privatisation in successive duopolies with cooperative investments. Results show that whether privatisation is beneficial to the community will rely on the astute role of government intervention. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Government intervention in higher education in South Africa : policy optionsAkor, Eusebius Ugochukwu 25 November 2008 (has links)
The primary objectives of this study are to consider the theoretical foundations of Public Administration and specifically public policy; the international context within which higher education in South Africa operates; the South African higher education context, policy processes and reasons for government intervention in higher education; how these reasons relate to the process of transforming higher education; the problems that have or could result from such intervention; the implications of mergers and incorporations for higher educational institutions; the state of higher education funding and its implications for institutional autonomy and academic freedom ; the implications of government intervention in higher education in other areas such as the determination of what universities may teach and student admissions; the claim that the autonomy of higher educational institutions is under threat as a result of the extent of government intervention; and how to enhance cooperative governance between universities and the government. The secondary objective is to identify the best policy options that the government and higher educational institutions could adopt to rectify identified problems, ensure a higher education system that meets the developmental needs of the country and protects institutional autonomy and academic freedom. Government intervention in higher education in South Africa aims, among others, at reforming the system of higher education to reflect the new democratic order, setting the higher education system on a path of growth and development and meeting developmental needs. However, the higher education policies that the government established since 1994 have not adequately addressed the challenges of higher education, and the policies in fact contradict themselves in a number of aspects.The policy objectives of the government's intervention in higher education will not be (fully) realised if the negative implications of the intervention measures, such as insufficient funding, the bankrupting of universities, alignment of institutional cultures, infringements on institutional autonomy and academic freedom are not adequately addressed in partnership with the management of higher educational institutions and their governance structures. Furthermore, the outcome of the restructuring of the higher education system depends on the abilities of universities to adequately resolve the challenges they confront and provide sound and strategic management. Copyright / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / unrestricted
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Government Intervention in the 2008-2009 U.S. Automotive Crisis: Laissez-Faire Economics AbandonedGershenzon, Michael 24 April 2010 (has links)
No description available.
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Government intervention and financial sector developmentArora, Rashmi 20 October 2016 (has links)
Yes
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Government intervention in technological innovation system in catching-up context : comparative case studyLiu, Guanyu January 2017 (has links)
Recent years have witnessed many significant changes in the global technology landscape. An interesting change we have observed is that some traditional technology late-coming countries such as China and Korea have started to emerge as influential players in the international arena of technology innovation. Historically, developed countries, holding incomparable advantages in financial markets and technologically intensive industries, have naturally taken the lead in technology innovation; while severe deficiencies and challenges are normally faced for developing, or late-coming countries, in innovation. In the literature, strong support from the government has been proven to be crucial for late-coming countries to overcome the deficiencies and to catch up in technology innovation. Based on innovation system perspective, this dissertation aims to understand how the government intervention in technological innovation system (TIS) promotes technology innovation, especially that in the catching-up context. This dissertation examines two technology innovation cases in China, namely the TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE mobile system innovations. A theoretical framework is developed based on institutional theory to structure the case studies. Qualitative methods including documentary research and semi-structured interviews are applied for data collection. This research concludes that, in the stages of technology development and technology diffusion, different TIS functions need to be achieved and different challenges are faced, which require government intervention. The government could analyse how TIS functions are achieved and how challenges are formed in relation to the TIS structural components, in order to determine the intervention strategy. Government can take both direct intervention on TIS actors, and indirect intervention through impacting TIS institutional environment, with regulative, normative and cognitive instruments. In the catching-up context, government interventions contribute more to path-breaking type technology innovations than path-dependent ones in terms of ensuring the success of innovation. Practical implications for the government to effectively intervene in innovation initiatives are given.
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The research of the government intervention to solve the market failure.Wang, Chi-hua 29 June 2005 (has links)
none
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The Multi-Stage Stock Floatation of PrivatizationChiang, Sue-Jane 06 February 2001 (has links)
During the past two decades, it was witness a dramatic global shift in economic policy away from state-owned enterprises (SOEs) towards privatization. Since privatization improves incentives, a rapid transfer of ownership and control right should be desirable. In Taiwan, the Executive Yuan of the government organized a group to promote privatization in 1989 and the officers then took the initiative to carry out the privatization program enthusiastically.
By classifying the privatization process into two stages, we analyzed the effect of different stock floatation schedules, different underwriting mechanisms, and different levels of government intervention on ownership structure and corporate governance. Based on the model inference, we found that when maximizing stock floating revenue, wider share ownership, and promoting the SOEs¡¦ efficiency, a sequential transfer of ownership and control right should be better than privatized instantaneously. Under the same goals, the mechanism with partial public offering and partial auction was better than the mechanism with partial public offering and partial book building. Finally, it was not optimal for government to intervene the operating of SOEs after privatization.
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The Structure And The Effectiveness Of Turkish Investment Incentive SystemToprak, Deniz 01 September 2005 (has links) (PDF)
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the structure and the effectiveness of the investment incentive system in Turkey. The theoretical definition and the economic and social targets of incentives, and the direction, problems and the effectiveness of the investment incentive system are investigated. This study finds that the most prominent target of investment incentives is to alleviate the unemployment problem in Turkey. The regional investment incentives seem to be successful in the western part of the country to some extent. The investment incentive system does not seem to be successful in directing the investment to underdeveloped regions of the country. The investment incentive system has no strong effects on directing the sectoral distribution of investments.
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Government intervention to alleviate poverty in South Africa, with a specific focus on poverty in the Eastern CapeSithole, Nceba January 2014 (has links)
Magister Economicae - MEcon / When the new democratic government in South Africa came to power in 1994, it inherited a legacy of inequality, unemployment and poverty. Mindful of this triple challenge the government’s first socioeconomic policy framework, the White Paper on Reconstruction and Development (RDP) of 1994, stated the commitment to prioritise poverty eradication in South Africa. The Bill of Rights guarantees specific rights, referring to housing, healthcare and social security, to empower the poor. The greatest challenge facing the South African government was to provide the institutional support and to implement appropriate policies to reduce the extent of poverty and unemployment in South Africa. The government therefore established the necessary legislature and institutions and embarked on numerous policy strategies. A fact that complicates policy intervention is that the extent of poverty is very different across provinces. Households in rural areas are in a relatively worse position than households in urban areas and rural woman are in an even worse position. According to official statistics from Statistics South Africa, Limpopo and the Eastern Cape are the poorest provinces. This study investigated the nature of government intervention towards poverty relief. Through the use of various instruments, such as social grants, the delivery of basic services and housing, the government focuses on the relief of income, non-income and asset poverty. The main aim of this study was to answer the question of whether government intervention has made any difference to the quality of life of the poor. The situation of the Eastern Cape was investigated as a case study of the larger poverty problem and focused primarily on income, non-income and asset poverty. As is the position nationally, the majority of the poor in the Eastern Cape live in the rural areas and women and the youth are the worst affected groups. The empirical analysis shows that both income and non-income poverty has declined in Eastern Cape, particularly since 2000. The study also pointed out various instances of government failure and other specific challenges. However, despite the fact that poverty relief has been a policy priority since 1994 and despite numerous policies and programmes, the extent of poverty remains unacceptable.
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