This thesis consists of six papers. In Paper I, we give an algorithm for merging sorted lists of monomials and together with a projection technique, we obtain a new complexity bound for the Buchberger-Möller algorithm and the FGLM algorithm. In Paper II, we discuss four different constructions of vector space bases associated to vanishing ideals of points. We show how to compute normal forms with respect to these bases and give complexity bounds. As an application we drastically improve the computational algebra approach to the reverse engineering of gene regulatory networks. In Paper III, we introduce the concept of multiplication matrices for ideals of projective dimension zero. We discuss various applications and, in particular, we give a new algorithm to compute the variety of an ideal of projective dimension zero. In Paper IV, we consider a subset of projective space over a finite field and give a geometric description of the minimal degree of a non-vanishing form with respect to this subset. We also give bounds on the minimal degree in terms of the cardinality of the subset. In Paper V, we study an associative version of an algorithm constructed to compute the Hilbert series for graded Lie algebras. In the commutative case we use Gotzmann's persistence theorem to show that the algorithm terminates in finite time. In Paper VI, we connect the commutative version of the algorithm in Paper V with the Buchberger algorithm. / At the time of doctoral defence, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript. Paper 5: Manuscript. Paper 6: Manuscript

Evaluation codes (also called order domain codes) are traditionally introduced as generalized one point geometric Goppa codes. In the present dissertation we will give a new point of view on evaluation codes by introducing them instead as particular nice examples of affine variety codes. Our study includes a reformulation of the usual methods to estimate the minimum distances of evaluation codes into the setting of affine variety codes. Finally we describe the connection to the theory of one point geometric Goppa codes. / Códigos de avaliação (também chamados códigos de domínio de ordem) são tradicionalmente apresentados como códigos de Goppa de um ponto generalizados. Na presente dissertação, vamos estudar um novo ponto de vista sobre códigos de avaliação, introduzindo-os como bons exemplos particulares de códigos de variedades afins. Nosso estudo inclui uma reformulação dos métodos usuais para estimar as distâncias mínimas de códigos de avaliação no conjunto dos códigos de variedades afins. Finalmente descrevemos a conexão com a teoria dos códigos geométricos Goppa de um ponto. / Mestre em Matemática

One of the most general extensions of Buchberger's theory of Gröbner bases is the concept of graded structures due to Robbiano and Mora. But in order to obtain algorithmic solutions for the computation of Göbner bases it needs additional computability assumptions. In this paper we introduce natural graded structures of finitely generated extension rings and present subclasses of such structures which allow uniform algorithmic solutions of the basic problems in the associated graded ring and, hence, of the computation of Gröbner bases with respect to the graded structure. Among the considered rings there are many of the known generalizations. But, in addition, a wide class of rings appears first time in the context of algorithmic Gröbner basis computations. Finally, we discuss which conditions could be changed in order to find further effective Gröbner structures and it will turn out that the most interesting constructive instances of graded structures are covered by our results.

Ha Minh Lam et M. Morales ont introduit une classe d'idéaux binomiaux qui est une extension binomiale d'idéaux monomiaux libres de carrés.Étant donné I un idéal monomial quadratique de k[x] libre de carrés et J une somme d'idéaux de scroll de k[z] qui satisfont certaines conditions, nous définissons l'extension binomiale de I comme B=I+J. Le sujet de cette thèse est d'étudier le nombre p plus grand tel que les sizygies de B son linéaires jusqu'au pas p-1. Sous certaines conditions d'ordre imposées sur les facettes du complexe de Stanley-Reisner de I nous obtiendrons un ordre > pour les variables de l'anneau de polynomes k[z]. Ensuite nous prouvons pour un calcul des bases de Gröbner que l'idéal initial in(B), sous l'ordre lexicographique induit par l'ordre de variables >, est quadratique libre de carrés. Nous montrerons que B est régulier si et seulement si I est 2-régulier. Dans le cas géneral, lorsque I n'est pas 2-régulier nous trouverons une borne pour l'entier q maximal qui satisfait que les premier q-1 sizygies de B son linéaires. En outre, en supossant que J est un idéal torique et en imposant des conditions supplémentaires, nous trouveron une borne supérieure pour l'entier q maximal qui satisfait que les premier q-1 sizygies de B son linéaires. En imposant des conditions supplémentaires, nous prouverons que les deux bornes sont égaux. / Ha Minh Lam et M. Morales introduced a family of binomial ideals that are binomial extensions of square free monomial ideals. Let I be a square free monomial ideal of k[x] and J a sum of scroll ideals in k[z] with some extra conditions, we define the binomial extension of $I$ as $B=I+Jsubset sis$. The aim of this thesis is to study the biggest number p such that the syzygies of B are linear until the step p-1. Due to some order conditions given to the facets of the Stanley-Reisner complex of I we get an order > for the variables of the polynomial ring k[z]. By a calculation of the Gröbner basis of the ideal $B$ we obtain that the initial ideal in(B) is a square free monomial ideal. We will prove that B is 2-regular iff I is 2-regular. In the general case, wheter I is not 2-regular we will find a lower bound for the the maximal integer q which satisfies that the first q-1 sizygies of B are linear. On the other hand, wheter J is toric and supposing other conditions, we will find a upper bound for the integer q which satisfies that the first q-1 syzygies of B are linear. By given more conditions we will prove that the twobounds are equal.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-11-06T18:45:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 maurorodriguesrochajunior.pdf: 550118 bytes, checksum: 5b26ad1ab2bd9d4a190d742762346968 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-11-09T14:32:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 maurorodriguesrochajunior.pdf: 550118 bytes, checksum: 5b26ad1ab2bd9d4a190d742762346968 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-09T14:32:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 maurorodriguesrochajunior.pdf: 550118 bytes, checksum: 5b26ad1ab2bd9d4a190d742762346968 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-11 / O principal objetivo desse trabalho é estudar duas aplicações distintas das bases de Gröbner a códigos lineares. Com esse objetivo, estudamos como relacionar códigos a outras estruturas matemáticas, fazendo com que tenhamos novas ferramentas para a realização da codificação. Em especial, estudamos códigos cartesianos afins e os códigos algébrico-geométricos de Goppa. / The main objective of this work is to study two different applications of Gröbner basis to linear codes. With this purpose, we study how to relate codes to other mathematical structures, allowing us to use new tools to do the coding. In particular, we study affine cartesian codes e algebraic-geometric Goppa codes.

In this thesis the relationship between Gröbner bases and algebraic coding theory is investigated, and especially applications towards linear codes, with Reed-Müller codes as an illustrative example. We prove that each linear code can be described as a binomial ideal of a polynomial ring, and that a systematic encoding algorithm for such codes is given by the remainder of the information word computed with respect to the reduced Gröbner basis. Finally we show how to apply the representation of a code by its corresponding polynomial ring ideal to construct a class of codes containing the so called primitive Reed-Müller codes, with a few examples of this result.

<p>The main result in this thesis is the generalisation of Bergman's diamond lemma for ring theory to power series rings. This generalisation makes it possible to treat problems in which there arise infinite descending chains. Several results in the literature are shown to be special cases of this diamond lemma and examples are given of interesting problems which could not previously be treated. One of these examples provides a general construction of a normed skew field in which a custom commutation relation holds.</p><p>There is also a general result on the structure of totally ordered semigroups, demonstrating that all semigroups with an archimedean element has a (up to a scaling factor) unique order-preserving homomorphism to the real numbers. This helps analyse the concept of filtered structure. It is shown that whereas filtered structures can be used to induce pretty much any zero-dimensional linear topology, a real-valued norm suffices for the definition of those topologies that have a reasonable relation to the multiplication operation.</p><p>The thesis also contains elementary results on degree (as of polynomials) functions, norms on algebras (in particular ultranorms), (Birkhoff) orthogonality in modules, and construction of semigroup partial orders from ditto quasiorders.</p>

The main result in this thesis is the generalisation of Bergman's diamond lemma for ring theory to power series rings. This generalisation makes it possible to treat problems in which there arise infinite descending chains. Several results in the literature are shown to be special cases of this diamond lemma and examples are given of interesting problems which could not previously be treated. One of these examples provides a general construction of a normed skew field in which a custom commutation relation holds. There is also a general result on the structure of totally ordered semigroups, demonstrating that all semigroups with an archimedean element has a (up to a scaling factor) unique order-preserving homomorphism to the real numbers. This helps analyse the concept of filtered structure. It is shown that whereas filtered structures can be used to induce pretty much any zero-dimensional linear topology, a real-valued norm suffices for the definition of those topologies that have a reasonable relation to the multiplication operation. The thesis also contains elementary results on degree (as of polynomials) functions, norms on algebras (in particular ultranorms), (Birkhoff) orthogonality in modules, and construction of semigroup partial orders from ditto quasiorders.

The main objective of this research is the development of a framework for the automatic generation of systems of kinematic and dynamic equations that are suitable for real-time applications. In particular, the efficient simulation of constrained multibody systems is addressed. When modelled with ideal joints, many mechanical systems of practical interest contain closed kinematic chains, or kinematic loops, and are most conveniently modelled using a set of generalized coordinates of cardinality exceeding the degrees-of-freedom of the system. Dependent generalized coordinates add nonlinear algebraic constraint equations to the ordinary differential equations of motion, thereby producing a set of differential-algebraic equations that may be difficult to solve in an efficient yet precise manner. Several methods have been proposed for simulating such systems in real time, including index reduction, model simplification, and constraint stabilization techniques. In this work, the equations of motion are formulated symbolically using linear graph theory. The embedding technique is applied to eliminate the Lagrange multipliers from the dynamic equations and obtain one ordinary differential equation for each independent acceleration. The theory of Gröbner bases is then used to triangularize the kinematic constraint equations, thereby producing recursively solvable systems for calculating the dependent generalized coordinates given values of the independent coordinates. For systems that can be fully triangularized, the kinematic constraints are always satisfied exactly and in a fixed amount of time. Where full triangularization is not possible, a block-triangular form can be obtained that still results in more efficient simulations than existing iterative and constraint stabilization techniques. The proposed approach is applied to the kinematic and dynamic simulation of several mechanical systems, including six-bar mechanisms, parallel robots, and two vehicle suspensions: a five-link and a double-wishbone. The efficient kinematic solution generated for the latter is used in the real-time simulation of a vehicle with double-wishbone suspensions on both axles, which is implemented in a hardware- and operator-in-the-loop driving simulator. The Gröbner basis approach is particularly suitable for situations requiring very efficient simulations of multibody systems whose parameters are constant, such as the plant models in model-predictive control strategies and the vehicle models in driving simulators.

The main objective of this research is the development of a framework for the automatic generation of systems of kinematic and dynamic equations that are suitable for real-time applications. In particular, the efficient simulation of constrained multibody systems is addressed. When modelled with ideal joints, many mechanical systems of practical interest contain closed kinematic chains, or kinematic loops, and are most conveniently modelled using a set of generalized coordinates of cardinality exceeding the degrees-of-freedom of the system. Dependent generalized coordinates add nonlinear algebraic constraint equations to the ordinary differential equations of motion, thereby producing a set of differential-algebraic equations that may be difficult to solve in an efficient yet precise manner. Several methods have been proposed for simulating such systems in real time, including index reduction, model simplification, and constraint stabilization techniques. In this work, the equations of motion are formulated symbolically using linear graph theory. The embedding technique is applied to eliminate the Lagrange multipliers from the dynamic equations and obtain one ordinary differential equation for each independent acceleration. The theory of Gröbner bases is then used to triangularize the kinematic constraint equations, thereby producing recursively solvable systems for calculating the dependent generalized coordinates given values of the independent coordinates. For systems that can be fully triangularized, the kinematic constraints are always satisfied exactly and in a fixed amount of time. Where full triangularization is not possible, a block-triangular form can be obtained that still results in more efficient simulations than existing iterative and constraint stabilization techniques. The proposed approach is applied to the kinematic and dynamic simulation of several mechanical systems, including six-bar mechanisms, parallel robots, and two vehicle suspensions: a five-link and a double-wishbone. The efficient kinematic solution generated for the latter is used in the real-time simulation of a vehicle with double-wishbone suspensions on both axles, which is implemented in a hardware- and operator-in-the-loop driving simulator. The Gröbner basis approach is particularly suitable for situations requiring very efficient simulations of multibody systems whose parameters are constant, such as the plant models in model-predictive control strategies and the vehicle models in driving simulators.