A comparação entre os dados levantados a partir das cartas geográficas do município de Promissão e os dados históricos aponta para uma relação entre as escolhas toponímicas e a construção da identidade do grupo que primeiro se instalou no local. Por isso, investigamos em que medida o topônimo enquanto termo de uma linguagem de especialidade cumpre o papel, se não de construtor, de elemento de externalização dessa identidade. A seleção da localidade se justifica por sua pouca expressividade junto aos moradores da capital, apesar da importância desse município no processo de desenvolvimento do estado rumo ao Noroeste após a construção da estrada de ferro Noroeste do Brasil e também sua participação na Revolução de 32, enviando combatentes e servindo de pouso para aqueles que vinham do Mato Grosso. A estação de trem de Promissão foi desativada, mas a cidade se mantém próspera, o que chama a atenção. Os objetivos desta pesquisa são: contribuir com o Projeto ATESP e o projeto Atlas das Cidades, a partir da inserção do município de Promissão no levantamento toponímico panorâmico do estado de São Paulo; manter viva a história do lugar e das pessoas que ali chegaram e tanto contribuíram para o desenvolvimento da região Noroeste do estado e para os movimentos políticos da capital de São Paulo; oferecer à população local e ao público em geral um documento científico que dê conta da história do município e apresente a relação entre suas escolhas toponímicas e a realidade sociocultural e lingüística dos habitantes no momento da nomeação; e verificar a validade da definição dos topônimos como produtos e construtores do self grupal. Os métodos aplicados à coleta dos dados, classificação dos topônimos e análise são os propostos por Dick (1999) e praticados no Projeto ATESP. A Planta da Cidade de Promissão: perímetro urbano (escala 1:5.000) foi a base para o levantamento dos topônimos, posteriormente classificados de acordo com as taxionomias propostas por Dick (1990). Os dados históricos foram coletados a partir de livros de autores regionais, documentos municipais pesquisados junto às prefeituras e câmaras municipais de Penápolis e Promissão, livro do tombo da igreja matriz e entrevistas com moradores. / The comparison between data gathered from the maps of the city of Promissão and the historical database leads to a relation between the toponymic choices and the identity construction of the first group to settle there. Therefore we investigate in what level the toponym as a term of specialty language plays the role of the externalization element of this identity, if not that of the constructor. The place choice is justified by its little expressivity concerning the capital habitants, despite the importance of the city in the States development process toward the Northeast after the construction of the Noroeste do Brasil railway and also the citys participation in the 1932 Revolution, sending combatants and serving as a temporary home for those who came from Mato Grosso. The Promissão Station was deactivated, but the city keeps its prosperity, which calls some attention. The objectives of this research are: contribute to Projeto ATESP and the Atlas das Cidades project with the insertion of the city of Promissão in the panoramic toponymic studies of the State of São Paulo; preserve the history of the place and the people who arrived there and contributed so much to the development of the area and to the politic movements of the capital of São Paulo; provide local population and general public with a scientific document that addresses the history of the city and presents the relation between its toponymic choices and the sociocultural and linguistic reality of the habitants in the choosing of names; verify the value of defining toponyms as products and constructors of group self. The methods applied to the data collecting, toponyms classification and analysis are those proposed by Dick (1999) and practiced at Projeto ATESP. The Planta da Cidade de Promissão: perímetro urbano (1:5.000 scale) was the base to the gathering of toponyms, further classified according to the taxonomies proposed by Dick (1990). The historical database was collected from books by regional authors, city documents researched in the City Halls of Penápolis and Promissão, Mother Churchs Book and interviews with members of the population.

A comparação entre os dados levantados a partir das cartas geográficas do município de Promissão e os dados históricos aponta para uma relação entre as escolhas toponímicas e a construção da identidade do grupo que primeiro se instalou no local. Por isso, investigamos em que medida o topônimo enquanto termo de uma linguagem de especialidade cumpre o papel, se não de construtor, de elemento de externalização dessa identidade. A seleção da localidade se justifica por sua pouca expressividade junto aos moradores da capital, apesar da importância desse município no processo de desenvolvimento do estado rumo ao Noroeste após a construção da estrada de ferro Noroeste do Brasil e também sua participação na Revolução de 32, enviando combatentes e servindo de pouso para aqueles que vinham do Mato Grosso. A estação de trem de Promissão foi desativada, mas a cidade se mantém próspera, o que chama a atenção. Os objetivos desta pesquisa são: contribuir com o Projeto ATESP e o projeto Atlas das Cidades, a partir da inserção do município de Promissão no levantamento toponímico panorâmico do estado de São Paulo; manter viva a história do lugar e das pessoas que ali chegaram e tanto contribuíram para o desenvolvimento da região Noroeste do estado e para os movimentos políticos da capital de São Paulo; oferecer à população local e ao público em geral um documento científico que dê conta da história do município e apresente a relação entre suas escolhas toponímicas e a realidade sociocultural e lingüística dos habitantes no momento da nomeação; e verificar a validade da definição dos topônimos como produtos e construtores do self grupal. Os métodos aplicados à coleta dos dados, classificação dos topônimos e análise são os propostos por Dick (1999) e praticados no Projeto ATESP. A Planta da Cidade de Promissão: perímetro urbano (escala 1:5.000) foi a base para o levantamento dos topônimos, posteriormente classificados de acordo com as taxionomias propostas por Dick (1990). Os dados históricos foram coletados a partir de livros de autores regionais, documentos municipais pesquisados junto às prefeituras e câmaras municipais de Penápolis e Promissão, livro do tombo da igreja matriz e entrevistas com moradores. / The comparison between data gathered from the maps of the city of Promissão and the historical database leads to a relation between the toponymic choices and the identity construction of the first group to settle there. Therefore we investigate in what level the toponym as a term of specialty language plays the role of the externalization element of this identity, if not that of the constructor. The place choice is justified by its little expressivity concerning the capital habitants, despite the importance of the city in the States development process toward the Northeast after the construction of the Noroeste do Brasil railway and also the citys participation in the 1932 Revolution, sending combatants and serving as a temporary home for those who came from Mato Grosso. The Promissão Station was deactivated, but the city keeps its prosperity, which calls some attention. The objectives of this research are: contribute to Projeto ATESP and the Atlas das Cidades project with the insertion of the city of Promissão in the panoramic toponymic studies of the State of São Paulo; preserve the history of the place and the people who arrived there and contributed so much to the development of the area and to the politic movements of the capital of São Paulo; provide local population and general public with a scientific document that addresses the history of the city and presents the relation between its toponymic choices and the sociocultural and linguistic reality of the habitants in the choosing of names; verify the value of defining toponyms as products and constructors of group self. The methods applied to the data collecting, toponyms classification and analysis are those proposed by Dick (1999) and practiced at Projeto ATESP. The Planta da Cidade de Promissão: perímetro urbano (1:5.000 scale) was the base to the gathering of toponyms, further classified according to the taxonomies proposed by Dick (1990). The historical database was collected from books by regional authors, city documents researched in the City Halls of Penápolis and Promissão, Mother Churchs Book and interviews with members of the population.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of an Attachment-Oriented-Psychoeducational-Group-Training on the preoccupied/insecure attachment style of university students. This study consists of two phases. In the first phase of the study, Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ), Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSS), and an Information Form were given to the 755 third year METU students. The differences among the attachment styles (RSQ and RQ) of the participants by gender and self-esteem levels (RSS) were explored by using a 2 (gender) x 2 (high-low self-esteem) factorial MANOVA. Results showed significant self-esteem differences in fearful, preoccupied and secure subscale scores in RQ and RSQ and gender differences in fearful, preoccupied and secure subscale scores of RSQ and RQ. These results indicated that students who had lower self-esteem scored significantly higher in fearful and preoccupied subscales of RSQ while students who had higher self-esteem had statistically significant higher mean scores in secure attachment subscales. No significant differences were found between the insecure/avoidant subscale scores of the high and low self-esteem group students. Results showed that females scored significiantly higher in fearful attachment style of RQ and RSQ. Male students scored significiantly higher in both preoccupied subscales of RQ and RSQ and in secure attachment subscale of RSQ. In the second phase, the Attachment-Oriented-Psychoeducational-Group-Training was implemented to the experimental group of 11 volunteered preoccupied subjects. The control group consisted of 8 preoccupied students. The control group subjects did not receive any training. Both experimental and control groups were given Relationship Scales Questionnaire and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale at pre-test, post-test and follow up. Non-parametric statistical analyses of Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney U test were employed to the RSQ and RSS scores of the subjects to assess the effect of the Attachment-Oriented-Psychoeducational-Group-Training. The results showed that experimental group subjects&amp / #8217 / secure attachment subscale scores have increased from pre-test to posttest but not pre-test to follow up or posttest to follow up tests of both RSQ and RSS. A significant difference was found between pre and follow up tests scores of RSS for control group.

Concerns about anthropogenic climate change, fossil fuel depletion, energy security, and damage to our ecosystems are acting as a catalyst for action in many sectors of industry and society. One key sector which has been identified as crucial for addressing these issues is the building sector. Therefore, in the UK context, with the aim of reducing carbon dioxide emissions, the requirements for new homes in terms of their energy efficiency are becoming ever more stringent, leading to the introduction of the zero carbon homes standard from 2016. Alongside this, broader priorities for sustainable development have been established in the UK, with a focus on the creation of sustainable communities. These are communities which support the diverse needs of residents and provide a good quality of life whilst protecting the natural environment. The literature suggests that the volume housebuilding sector is failing to meet housing demand in terms of either quantity or quality. Furthermore, it is apparent that the sector is failing to respond to voluntary stimuli for the delivery of zero carbon homes. Thus, it is with an overall aim of supporting the delivery of zero carbon homes and sustainable communities that this thesis has been undertaken. The UK Government suggested in 2011 that self-build homes, in which the occupant is involved in either building or commissioning the home, are more likely to be affordable, energy efficient and innovative than open market housing. Self-build housing accounts for only around 10% of new homes built in the UK, and group self-build is a small proportion of this. The UK Government has an aspiration to double the size of the self-build sector, with an expansion in the group self-build sector, over the decade to 2021. Literature on the self-build sector is limited, and that on the group self-build sector even more so. Indeed, gaps in knowledge in terms of the motivations for and benefits of group self-build exist. There are also gaps in knowledge in terms of the barriers to group self-building and ways in which the expansion of the sector could be best supported. Furthermore, existing literature on drivers for and barriers to zero carbon homebuilding is limited and fails to gather opinions from the broad range of professionals involved in the delivery of new homes. With the aim of addressing these gaps in knowledge, three complementary studies were conducted with an element of focus on the region of Cornwall, in South West England. With the aim of exploring opinions of professionals involved in the delivery of new homes regarding zero carbon homebuilding, a series of 34 semi-structured interviews was undertaken within the first study (Perceptions of zero carbon homebuilding). The second study was undertaken with the aim of investigating professional and expert opinions on the suitability of group self-build as a development model for zero carbon homes and sustainable communities (Self-build perceptions). This investigation employed the Policy Delphi method, an iterative, non-contact group research process in which data was gathered from participants through three rounds of online questionnaire surveys. This second study was formed of two concurrent studies; one employed a panel of national participants within England, the other a panel of regional participants within South West England. The third and final study aimed to explore the experience-based opinions of group self-builders through a series of 11 in-depth interviews (Group self-build reflections). The three studies are presented independently. However, each subsequent study is built upon the knowledge gained in the previous study. Within the final chapter of the thesis, the results are brought together and triangulated through a consideration of how the findings coalesce to cast light on the three central concepts of zero carbon homes, sustainable communities, and group self-build housing. The findings from this research identify and elucidate a number of themes of drivers for and barriers to zero carbon homebuilding. Themes of drivers include: legislative, economic, social responsibility, individual, and industry. Themes of barriers include: economic, skills and knowledge, industry, legislative, and cultural. Multiple potential support mechanisms for the delivery of zero carbon homes were also identified. The findings highlight the need for a cultural shift in the housebuilding industry, reducing the over-reliance on volume housebuilders. A broad range of benefits and motivations for group self-building have been identified and explored. However, whilst a strong appetite for environmentally sustainable development amongst group self-builders is established, this research casts some doubt on the central assertion that group self-build homes will be more energy efficient than speculatively built homes. Differences between the individual and group self-build sector were exposed both in terms of the motivations and the barriers faced. This thesis demonstrates how the benefits of group self-build housing serve to help create sustainable communities, and how they also serve to address some of the barriers to zero carbon homebuilding. The findings of this research demonstrate that group self-build housing offers a significant number of potential benefits towards the delivery of zero carbon homes and the creation of sustainable communities.

Le but de cette thèse est de définir puis d'étudier différentes notions d'irrégularité uniforme ou ponctuelle permettant de traduire le fait qu'une fonction peut avoir des 'grands accroissements' à toutes les échelles. Pour cela on 'inverse' les notions de régularité Höldérienne usuelles. L'objectif principal du travail est ensuite de relier ces différentes notions à la théorie des ondelettes. Les critères ondelettes établis vont ainsi permettre de définir des fonctions ou des champs aléatoires dont le comportement est différent suivant la gamme d'échelles considérée. Par ailleurs, si on se place du point de vue ponctuel, une question naturelle est celle de la définition d'une analyse multifractale -dite faible- liée à la notion d'irrégularité ponctuelle. Les ondelettes vont alors permettre de définir des séries d'ondelettes multifractales pour l'irrégularité ponctuelle. Enfin, nous étudions des exemples de champs aléatoires où des propriétés de régularité directionelle apparaissent. Nous nous sommes ainsi centré sur l'étude d'un modèle de champ aléatoire gaussien particulier vérifiant une relation d'autosimilarité matricielle. Nous avons ensuite généralisé ce modèle et introduit des champs gaussiens autosimilaires par rapport à un groupe / The main purpose of this thesis is the definition and the study of different concepts of uniform or pointwise irregularity which enable one to account for the fact that a function may have 'large increments' at any scales. To this end, we 'invert' the usual notions of Hölderian regularity. The main goal is then to relate these different concepts to wavelet theory. The wavelet criteria supplied enable to define functions or random fields the behavior of which differ with respect the family of scales chosen. Moreover, if we consider the pointwise point of view, a natural question is that of the definition of a weak multifractal analysis related to pointwise irregularity. Finally, we study examples of random fields with some properties of directional regularity. Thus we focus on the study of a special model of operator scaling Gaussian field. We then extend this model and introduced group self-similar Gaussian fields