Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate and to compare the age and length growth of European grayling in selected watercourse in the South Bohemia (Blanice vodňanská, Volyňka, Teplá Vltava a Otava) and in Austria (the Traun River and the Salzach River), focusing on the watersources of the Teplá Vltava River and the Traun River. Possible rules adjustment of sport fishing can give reasons eventually to be done on the basis of results in order to protect and to strenghten natural populatin of grayling. 53 individuals (fish) were studied in total which were in observed localities fished from 2011 to 2015 using power generator or fishing rods. The determination of age and growth were based on analysis of scales of the biggest individuals. The method of Rosa Lee (1920) was used for back-calculation of length growth. The oldest fish, 8 years old, was found among graylings in the Teplá Vltava River. The oldest fish from studied group of fish in Austrian Traun River where graylings trophy are occured belonged to the age group 5+. Graylings from the Traun River came up to faster growth distinctly which is related to more optimal living conditions (water temperature, the amount of food) in the pariticular watersource. Furthermore graylings from observed watersources in the South Bohemian region already grow up to minimum fishing length (30 cm) at the age of 3 4 years old. They can participate in natural reproduction only once or twice a life. Increase of miminal fishing length is absolutely eligible and it is the reason for increasing number of natural spawning and strenghtening of indigenous population of grayling.

O manejo de classificação por peso ao alojamento na fase de creche é amplamente praticado e supostamente melhora o desempenho zootécnico e gera, ao fim da fase, um grupo de leitões com peso mais uniforme O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se classificar os leitões desmamados por peso ao alojamento da creche, interfere no desempenho zootécnico e variação de peso final, bem como se este manejo altera o início de consumo de ração nas primeiras horas pós-desmame. Um total de 504 leitões machos inteiros e fêmeas (23.9 ± 0,6 dias e 7.0 ± 1,22 kg de peso corporal) foram ordenados por peso e cada 1/3 designado como Pequenos, Médios e Grandes. A partir disto, os leitões foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em baias mistas (mistas; 7 baias) compostas pelas três categorias e baias classificadas (classificadas; 21 baias) contendo apenas uma categoria de peso por baia. Nos três primeiros dias após alojamento, os leitões tiveram acesso a uma ração contendo um corante marcador vermelho (óxido de ferro a 1%) com o intuito de indicar quando um determinado animal iniciou o consumo através do uso de swabs retais as 30, 42, 54, 66 e 78 horas após o desmame. Semanalmente, o peso corporal e o consumo de ração era registrado. As pesagens do 7º, 21º e 42º dia pós-alojamento foram individuais visando aferir o CV das baias nestes momentos. Para o período total avaliado (0 a 42 d), não foram evidenciadas diferenças em GPD (P=0,94), CRMD (P=0,60) CA (P=0,39) entre baias mistas e classificadas. Ainda, não houve evidências de diferenças no peso final (P>0,05) entre mesmas categorias nos diferentes tratamentos, nem entre as baias classificadas e mistas (P=0,88). O CV médio do peso de cada foi diferente (P<0,0001) no início do experimento entre baias classificadas e mistas (17,5% ± 0,3 e 6,9% ± 1,8, respectivamente). Ao final do estudo a diferença persistiu, embora menor do que no início (15.6% ± 3,0 e 13,3% ± 2,5, P=0,03). O início do consumo apresentou uma interação entre categoria de peso e tratamento. Leitões grandes em baias classificadas retardaram o início do consumo em comparação com classificados pequenos e médios (P≤0,05). No entanto, para baias mistas, as três categorias não apresentaram evidências de diferença (P>0,05). Em conclusão, a variação de peso ao final da fase de creche foi levemente maior para baias mistas. Classificar ao alojamento pode gerar um atraso no início de consumo pós-desmame para leitões grandes além de não melhorar o desempenho zootécnico. / The sorting pigs by weight management in the nursery phase is a widely practiced and supposedly improve growth performance and produces more uniform pigs at the end of the nursery. The aim of this study was to evaluate if sorting weaned pigs by weight at nursery allotment alters growth performance and variation likewise if this management interferes the beginning of feed intake at the post weaning first’s hours. A total of 504 females and intact males (23.9 ± 0.6 of age and 7.0 ± 1.22 kg body weight) were categorized as: light, medium and heavy. From this, pigs were randomized distributed to unsorted pens (unsorted; 7 pens) with all three categories and sorted pens just with one weight category (sorted; 7 pens for each category for a total of 21 pens). In the first three days after allotment, pigs had access to a diet containing a red dye marker (1% iron oxide) aiming to indicate if such pig had already eaten through the use of rectal swabs at 30, 42, 54, 66 e 78 hours post weaning. Body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly. Pigs were weighted individually at 7, 21, and 42 days after weaning to obtain the within-pen weight variation. Overall (0 to 42 d), there was no evidence for differences (P=0.94) in ADG, ADFI (P=0.60), or F/G (P=0.39) between sorted and unsorted pigs. Additionally, there was no evidence for differences in final body weight among the same category in different treatments (P>0.05) nor between sorted and unsorted pens (P=0.88). The average of the within-pen weight variation was statistically different (P<.0001) at the beginning of the experiment among sorted and unsorted pens) (17.5% ± 0.3 and 6.9% ± 1.8, respectively). At the end of study the difference persists (P=0.03) but less than the start for sorted and unsorted pens (13.3% ± 2.5 and 15.6% ± 3.0, respectively)). The feed intake onset has shown an interaction between weight category and treatment. Heavy pigs in sorted pens started on feed later than light and medium sorted pens (P≤0.05). However, in unsorted pens the feed intake onset presented no differences (P>0.05) In conclusion, within-pen weight variation at the end of the nursery was slightly worsened when pigs were unsorted at placement. Sorting pigs at placement can create a lag of post weaning feed intake onset for heavy-weight pigs. Thus, sorting pigs by weight at placement did not improve nursery performance.

The aim of this thesis was to empirically examine one of the theories regarding the laws of intraspecific variability in animal behavior, which assumes that differences in behavior are directly related to individual differences in the rate of growth. One of our most common rodents, common vole (Microtus arvalis) was chosen as a model species, mainly because lots of previous studies on this species have demonstrated, among other things, presence of consistent differences in behavior.

Submitted by Claudia Rocha (claudia.rocha@udesc.br) on 2018-02-28T14:56:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PGPV16MA212.pdf: 1688114 bytes, checksum: 71b67d2bfd192c590f074c0dd8d458b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-28T14:56:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGPV16MA212.pdf: 1688114 bytes, checksum: 71b67d2bfd192c590f074c0dd8d458b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-13 / Capes / Brazil is a country extremely dependent on imported pear (Pyrus spp.), due to low fruit production. There is climatic potential for growing the pear tree in the south region of the country, which reflects in the necessity for studies on the agronomic performance of different cultivars of European pear trees on different soil and climatic conditions in the south of the country. This study aimed to evaluate the vegetative and productive aspects of different cultivars of European pear cup on the rootstock quince 'Adams' (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) in the mountainous plateau - SC. The experiment was conducted in Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - UDESC, to 937.73 m above sea level, in the city of Lages - SC. The design used in the experiment was randomized block containing three blocks and five plants per plot. Were evaluated the vegetative activity through the trunk diameter, canopy volume, average rate of buds per branch centimeter and growth rate of branches. The production aspects were measured by the mass and number of fruits, phenology, fruit set, fruit growth rate, in addition to the physicochemical characteristics of the fruit. Characterization profiles of the root through the use of SIARCS® computer program was performed, processing and analysis of trenches images, characterizing the root distribution. According to the results, there was no difference to the trunk diameter between cultivars. It was observed in cultivars Rocha and Packham's Triumph the highest cumulative productivity and higher average productive efficiency. The behavior of fruits growth rate and growth rate of branches in the two seasons evaluated was linear. According to phenological data, cultivars Abate Fetel and Rocha present early flowering time, within at least two weeks in relation to the other cultivars. The Packham's Triumph and Santa Maria cultivars has its flowering period coincides with a range of up to a week between their phenological stages. The cultivar William's has its later flowering period up to at least two weeks in relation to others. For root characterization, when analyzing the total root area and root length, the combination Abate Fetel / Adams has greater exploration of soil than combinations Packham's Triumph / Adams and William's / Adams, this combinations implemented in 2008, while there is no significant difference between the combinations evaluated in 2009. The higher density of roots predominates in depth 0-30 centimeters. The combination Abate Fetel / Adams presents a number of root length per profundity greater than combinations Packham's Triumph / Adams, Santa Maria / Adams and William's / Adams. The combination Clapp's Favourite / Adams presents a number of root length per profundity greater than the combination Max Red Bartlett / Adams / O Brasil é um país extremamente dependente da importação de pera (Pyrus spp.) devido à baixa produção da fruta. Existe potencial climático para o cultivo da pereira na região sul do país, o que reflete na necessidade de estudos sobre o desempenho agronômico de diferentes cultivares de pereiras europeias sobre diferentes condições edafoclimáticas na região sul do país. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos vegetativos e produtivos de diferentes cultivares copa de pereiras europeias sobre o porta-enxerto de marmeleiro „Adams‟ (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) no planalto serrano - SC. O experimento foi realizado no Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias – UDESC, a 937,73 m de altitude, no município de Lages - SC. O delineamento utilizado no experimento foi blocos ao acaso, contendo três blocos e cinco plantas por parcela. Avaliou-se a atividade vegetativa, através do diâmetro de tronco, volume de copa, índice médio de gemas por centímetro de ramo, taxa de crescimento de ramos. Os aspectos produtivos foram mensurados através da massa e número de frutos, fenologia, frutificação efetiva, taxa de crescimento de frutos, além das características físico-químicas dos frutos. Foi realizada a caracterização dos perfis radiculares através do uso de programa computacional SIARCS®, pelo processamento e análise de imagens de trincheiras, caracterizando a distribuição de raízes. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, não se observou diferença para o diâmetro de tronco entre as cultivares avaliadas. Foi observado nas cultivares Rocha e Packham‟s Triumph a maior produtividade acumulada e a maior eficiência produtiva média. O comportamento de crescimento de frutos e ramos nas duas safras avaliadas foi linear. De acordo com os dados fenológicos, as cultivares Abate Fetel e Rocha apresentam sua época de florescimento mais precoce, em até no mínimo duas semanas em relação as demais cultivares. As cultivares Packham‟s Triumph e Santa Maria tem seu período de florescimento coincidente, com intervalo de até uma semana entre seus estádios fenológicos. A cultivar William‟s tem seu período de florescimento mais tardio em até no mínimo duas semanas em relação às demais. Para a caracterização radicular, Quando analisado o valor total de área de raiz e comprimento de raiz, a combinação Abate Fetel/Adams tem maior exploração do solo do que as combinações Packham‟s Triumph/Adams e William‟s/Adams, para as combinações implantadas em 2008, enquanto não há diferença significativa entre as combinações avaliadas em 2009. A maior densidade das raízes predomina na profundidade de 0 a 30 centímetros. A combinação Abate Fetel/Adams apresenta um número de comprimento de raiz por faixa de profundida maior do que as combinações Packham‟s Triumph/Adams, Santa Maria/Adams e William‟s/Adams. A combinação Clapp‟s Favourite/Adams apresenta um número de comprimento de raiz por profundidade maior do que a combinação Max Red Barlett/Adams

O manejo de classificação por peso ao alojamento na fase de creche é amplamente praticado e supostamente melhora o desempenho zootécnico e gera, ao fim da fase, um grupo de leitões com peso mais uniforme O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se classificar os leitões desmamados por peso ao alojamento da creche, interfere no desempenho zootécnico e variação de peso final, bem como se este manejo altera o início de consumo de ração nas primeiras horas pós-desmame. Um total de 504 leitões machos inteiros e fêmeas (23.9 ± 0,6 dias e 7.0 ± 1,22 kg de peso corporal) foram ordenados por peso e cada 1/3 designado como Pequenos, Médios e Grandes. A partir disto, os leitões foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em baias mistas (mistas; 7 baias) compostas pelas três categorias e baias classificadas (classificadas; 21 baias) contendo apenas uma categoria de peso por baia. Nos três primeiros dias após alojamento, os leitões tiveram acesso a uma ração contendo um corante marcador vermelho (óxido de ferro a 1%) com o intuito de indicar quando um determinado animal iniciou o consumo através do uso de swabs retais as 30, 42, 54, 66 e 78 horas após o desmame. Semanalmente, o peso corporal e o consumo de ração era registrado. As pesagens do 7º, 21º e 42º dia pós-alojamento foram individuais visando aferir o CV das baias nestes momentos. Para o período total avaliado (0 a 42 d), não foram evidenciadas diferenças em GPD (P=0,94), CRMD (P=0,60) CA (P=0,39) entre baias mistas e classificadas. Ainda, não houve evidências de diferenças no peso final (P>0,05) entre mesmas categorias nos diferentes tratamentos, nem entre as baias classificadas e mistas (P=0,88). O CV médio do peso de cada foi diferente (P<0,0001) no início do experimento entre baias classificadas e mistas (17,5% ± 0,3 e 6,9% ± 1,8, respectivamente). Ao final do estudo a diferença persistiu, embora menor do que no início (15.6% ± 3,0 e 13,3% ± 2,5, P=0,03). O início do consumo apresentou uma interação entre categoria de peso e tratamento. Leitões grandes em baias classificadas retardaram o início do consumo em comparação com classificados pequenos e médios (P≤0,05). No entanto, para baias mistas, as três categorias não apresentaram evidências de diferença (P>0,05). Em conclusão, a variação de peso ao final da fase de creche foi levemente maior para baias mistas. Classificar ao alojamento pode gerar um atraso no início de consumo pós-desmame para leitões grandes além de não melhorar o desempenho zootécnico. / The sorting pigs by weight management in the nursery phase is a widely practiced and supposedly improve growth performance and produces more uniform pigs at the end of the nursery. The aim of this study was to evaluate if sorting weaned pigs by weight at nursery allotment alters growth performance and variation likewise if this management interferes the beginning of feed intake at the post weaning first’s hours. A total of 504 females and intact males (23.9 ± 0.6 of age and 7.0 ± 1.22 kg body weight) were categorized as: light, medium and heavy. From this, pigs were randomized distributed to unsorted pens (unsorted; 7 pens) with all three categories and sorted pens just with one weight category (sorted; 7 pens for each category for a total of 21 pens). In the first three days after allotment, pigs had access to a diet containing a red dye marker (1% iron oxide) aiming to indicate if such pig had already eaten through the use of rectal swabs at 30, 42, 54, 66 e 78 hours post weaning. Body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly. Pigs were weighted individually at 7, 21, and 42 days after weaning to obtain the within-pen weight variation. Overall (0 to 42 d), there was no evidence for differences (P=0.94) in ADG, ADFI (P=0.60), or F/G (P=0.39) between sorted and unsorted pigs. Additionally, there was no evidence for differences in final body weight among the same category in different treatments (P>0.05) nor between sorted and unsorted pens (P=0.88). The average of the within-pen weight variation was statistically different (P<.0001) at the beginning of the experiment among sorted and unsorted pens) (17.5% ± 0.3 and 6.9% ± 1.8, respectively). At the end of study the difference persists (P=0.03) but less than the start for sorted and unsorted pens (13.3% ± 2.5 and 15.6% ± 3.0, respectively)). The feed intake onset has shown an interaction between weight category and treatment. Heavy pigs in sorted pens started on feed later than light and medium sorted pens (P≤0.05). However, in unsorted pens the feed intake onset presented no differences (P>0.05) In conclusion, within-pen weight variation at the end of the nursery was slightly worsened when pigs were unsorted at placement. Sorting pigs at placement can create a lag of post weaning feed intake onset for heavy-weight pigs. Thus, sorting pigs by weight at placement did not improve nursery performance.

I examined parental behaviour of three vole species, the brandt{\crq}s vole (Microtus brandti), the common vole (M. arvalis) and the levant vole (M. guentheri) in laboratory conditions. Monogamous and highly social Brandt{\crq}s voles displayed high levels of parental and paternal care. However, mostly promiscuous and solitary common voles also exhibited an intensive parental care. In contrast, polygynous and social levant voles displayed very low levels of parental care. Males of both latter species engaged in parental activities but spent less time in contact with pups then females. These findings suggest that intensive parental care may be connected rather with the high growth rate a slower postnatal development of the species than with social or reproductive system.

abstract: GaAs-based solar cells have attracted much interest because of their high conversion efficiencies of ~28% under one sun illumination. The main carrier recombination mechanisms in the GaAs-based solar cells are surface recombination, radiative recombination and non-radiative recombination. Photon recycling reduces the effect of radiative recombination and is an approach to obtain the device performance described by detailed balance theory. The photon recycling model has been developed and was applied to investigate the loss mechanisms in the state-of-the-art GaAs-based solar cell structures using PC1D software. A standard fabrication process of the GaAs-based solar cells is as follows: wafer preparation, individual cell isolation by mesa, n- and p-type metallization, rapid thermal annealing (RTA), cap layer etching, and anti-reflection coating (ARC). The growth rate for GaAs-based materials is one of critical factors to determine the cost for the growth of GaAs-based solar cells. The cost for fabricating GaAs-based solar cells can be reduced if the growth rate is increased without degrading the crystalline quality. The solar cell wafers grown at different growth rates of 14 &mu;m/hour and 55 &mu;m/hour were discussed in this work. The structural properties of the wafers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify the crystalline quality, and then the as-grown wafers were fabricated into solar cell devices under the same process conditions. The optical and electrical properties such as surface reflection, external quantum efficiency (EQE), dark I-V, Suns-Voc, and illuminated I-V under one sun using a solar simulator were measured to compare the performances of the solar cells with different growth rates. Some simulations in PC1D have been demonstrated to investigate the reasons of the different device performances between fast growth and slow growth structures. A further analysis of the minority carrier lifetime is needed to investigate into the difference in device performances. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2014

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-12-04T13:28:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Eloene Rodrigues Godoy - 2016.pdf: 2017416 bytes, checksum: 606092ba846fd0631f779cc9e9fc7264 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-12-05T09:59:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Eloene Rodrigues Godoy - 2016.pdf: 2017416 bytes, checksum: 606092ba846fd0631f779cc9e9fc7264 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-05T09:59:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Eloene Rodrigues Godoy - 2016.pdf: 2017416 bytes, checksum: 606092ba846fd0631f779cc9e9fc7264 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aimed to evaluate the performance of six peanut lines and two cultivars based on production indicators, in an organic system of transition in the region of Jataí – GO. The experiment was conducted at Universidade Federal de Goiás - Campi Jataí, and implemented on November 30th, 2015. The experimental design has happened with randomized blocks (RBD) with eight treatments (2012-38, 2012-71; 2013-293, 2013-415; 2013-413 OL; 2013-415 OL), and with the commercial varieties Runner IAC 886 and IAC 505 in four replications. The characteristics evaluated are divided into two categories: (a) Productivity, measured by weighing the parcel; and (b) Weight of 100 pods; weight of seeds in 100 pods and the weight of 100 seed. After the sowing time, period of 88, 119 and 140 days, the weighing of fresh and dry matter of fruit, stem and roots have been made. During the cycle of the plants, there were photographic records for the growth and coverage factor analysis. The manual harvesting process of the crop, on April 28th, 2016 (corresponding to 140 days after sowing), happened when 60% to 70% of the pods presented brown color pigments inside. Through linear regression, it was possible to estimate the fruiting period by subtracting the days of maturity (harvest) from the fruiting ones. The evaluated strains differ statistically with a emphasis on the lineage 13-425OL productivity. Based on the parameters studied, the strains have the potential to be cultivated through the organic system. Fungal diseases caused significant losses on the coverage factor. / Nessa pesquisa objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de seis linhagens de amendoim e duas cultivares, com base em indicadores produtivos, em sistema de transição orgânico na região de Jataí- GO. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Goiás - Regional Jataí, e implantado no dia 30 de novembro de 2015. O Delineamento experimental foi em Blocos Casualizados (DBC) com oito tratamentos (2012-38; 2012-71; 2013-293; 2013-415; 2013-413 OL; 2013- 415 OL), e com as variedades comerciais Runner IAC 886 e IAC 505 em quatro repetições. As características avaliadas se dividem em duas categorias: (a) Produtividade: avaliada através de pesagens do peso de vagens das parcelas, e (b) peso de 100 vagens, peso das sementes em 100 vagens e o peso de 100 sementes; Aos 88, 119 e 140 dias após a semeadura, foram feitas pesagens de matéria fresca e seca de frutos, assim como caules e raízes. Durante todo o ciclo das plantas, houve registros fotográficos para análise de crescimento e fator de cobertura. A colheita realizada, no dia 28 de abril de 2016 (correspondente a 150 dias após a semeadura), aconteceu quando 60% a 70% das vagens apresentavam pigmentos de cor marrom na parte interna. Por meio dos parâmetros de regressão, foi possível estimar o período de frutificação ao subtrair os dias de maturação (colheita) dos dias de frutificação. As linhagens avaliadas diferiram estatisticamente, com destaque maior de produtividade na linhagem 13-425OL. Com base nos parâmetros estudados, as linhagens apresentam potencial para serem cultivadas sob o sistema orgânico. As doenças fúngicas causaram perdas significativas no fator de cobertura.