Implementación de lineamientos de uso y diseño basados en técnicas de Data Visualization para dar a conocer, a aquellos usuarios que requieren estructurar y analizar data, los diferentes aspectos que se deben tener en cuenta al momento de elegir el tipo de gráfico a utilizar para representar un conjunto de datos, tomando en consideración las pautas a seguir para lograr su correcta aplicación y sobre todo, permitiendo que el usuario final pueda decidir de forma rápida y acorde a lo que requiere. / Implementation of guidelines for use and design based on data visualization technology to make known, users that require data analysis and data, the different aspects that must be taken into account when choosing the type of graphic to use a representation of data set, taking into consideration the guidelines to follow its correct application and above all, allowing the end user to decide quickly and according to what is required.

I denna rapport undersöks samspelet mellan grafiska gränssnitt, huvudrörelser och dess inverkan för användarupplevelsen i virtuell verklighet. Studien begränsas till applicering i fastighetsvisningsapplikationer i virtuell verklighet. Studien och rapportens syfte är att besvara frågeställningen: Vilka aspekter bör tas i åtanke vid utformningen av grafiska gränssnitt för huvudrörelsebaserade inmatningsmetoder till VR-mjukvara. Denna fråga kommer besvaras med designriktlinjer orienterade för virtuell verklighet. I bakgrunden presenteras definitioner och användning av termer som: Virtuell verklighet, grafiska gränssnitt, inmatningsmetoder och huvudrörelseinmatning. I bakgrunden presenteras även företagssamarbetet med Wec360 samt riktlinjer om grafiska gränssnitt i virtuell verklighet som ligger till grund för studiens innehåll. Därefter följer ett metodkapitel som presenterar, definierar samt förklarar användning av de test- och utvärderingsmetoder som används i kommande tester. Dessa tester och utvärderingar är en heuristisk utvärdering för att finna primära problemområden som ligger som bas för kommande användbarhetstest. Men innan dess utfördes en semistrukturerad intervju med fem(5) personer som är utan, eller har mindre erfarenhet av virtuell verklighet. Dessa intervjuer utfördes för att få en grundlig idé om preferens, attityd, beteende, användning, erfarenhet samt preliminära tankar. Med samma fem deltagare utfördes ett användbarhetstest vars primära syfte var att säkerställa eller dementera de problem som uppfattades under den heuristiska utvärderingen. Användbarhetstestet användes även för att upptäcka nya problemområden som ska analyseras. Därefter följde en analys som följde bottom up-metoden för att ta alla delade problem och föra samman till en helhetsbild som studiens resultat därefter baseras på. Därefter följer resultatet – tre riktlinjer med mål att förbättra aspekter för det grafiska gränssnittet och huvudrörelseinmatning med syfte att förbättra användarupplevelsen. De främsta resultaten visas gälla applikationens sämre synlighet av interaktiva grafiska element. Men även en inkräktande upplevelse bildad av grafiska förflyttningselement. Det slutliga resultatet berörde hjälpavsnitt och hur användaren visas var funktioner och element finns i applikationen samt hur de används. Slutligen följer slutsatser och tillhörande diskussion för vidare studier inom området för användarupplevelse och grafiska gränssnitt i virtuell verklighet.

Class of 2015 Abstract / Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate for change in vitamin D levels and regimens in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients following implementation of the 2012 Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF) vitamin D guidelines. Secondary endpoints included clinician adherence to guideline recommendations for treatment and management of vitamin D deficiency. Methods: This retrospective chart review included CF patients with 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels from University of Arizona Medical Center (UAMC) between April 1, 2011-March 31, 2012 and July 1, 2012-June 30, 2013. Total 25(OH)D levels and vitamin D regimens were collected along with data on respiratory cultures, pulmonary function, and hospitalizations. Data were analyzed by Student’s T-tests and chi square analyses. Results: A total of 62 patients were included in the study. Mean 25(OH)D levels did not significantly differ between the study periods (28.9±10.5 ng/mL pre-guideline and 27.0±9.1 ng/mL post-guideline, p=0.158). Cholecalciferol use increased post-guideline (57.1%) versus pre-guideline (75.8%, p=0.027). Post-guideline cholecalciferol doses increased to 2836.5±2669.4 international units [IU] daily compared to 1518.0±912.0 IU daily pre-guideline (p<0.001). Clinician adherence to dose titration recommendations resulted in significant 25(OH)D level elevations (28.3±8.9 ng/mL versus 24.7±9.0, p=0.047). Conclusions: The prescribing pattern of clinicians significantly changed to reflect vitamin D regimens suggested by CFF guidelines. This finding suggests that had sufficient time been allowed following guideline implementation, a significant difference in 25(OH)D levels would have resulted. Additional research is needed concerning the effect of the guidelines on vitamin D status, clinical outcomes, and comorbidities.

Magister Curationis - MCur / Clinical research nurses are at the frontline of clinical research. They act as nurse leaders in the area of patient-orientated research. This leadership role requires that they work independently with limited support from other nurses. The nursing practice of clinical research nurses’ associates patient care with research protocols, administration duties, management responsibilities, and role specific authority. At hospitals in the Western Cape, clinical research nurses support principal investigators in the conducting of clinical research. It was unclear how clinical research nurses in nursing units in southern suburbs, Cape Town, Western Cape Province experienced their self-leadership role in nursing practice. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of clinical research nurses’ self- leadership role in nursing practice in nursing units in the southern suburbs of Cape Town, Western Cape. In this study; a phenomenological, exploratory, descriptive, and contextual design was followed. The population consisted of all the clinical research nurses (n = 22) at Western Cape hospitals and health care institutions in the southern suburbs. Purposive sampling was applied according to selection criteria. Unstructured individual interviews were conducted until data saturation occurred. These interviews took place at a private office in the southern suburbs of the Cape Town and lasted between 45 minutes and an hour. Observation and field notes were taken during the interviews. Data was analysed by using open coding and data triangulation. The researcher applied Lincoln and Guba’s (1985) model of trustworthiness. Four themes and twenty one categories emerged from the data analysis. The findings emphasised that the clinical research nurses’ experienced their self-leadership role in nursing as an evolutionary process. The evolutionary role required that they needed to develop strategies with the aim of surviving the initial tedious and daunting phase that facilitated the development of skills needed for collaborative partnerships with stakeholders. As her general confidence increased, the clinical research nurse would be able to recognise her professional attributes and use self-leadership behaviour to enhance her daily practice. Appropriate self-leadership behaviour would assist the clinical research nurse to successfully navigate the complex, dynamic clinical research environment. Guidelines were developed from the four themes that were the result of the data analysis; namely the initial tedious and daunting phase, working in pursuit of collaborative action, personal traits of the clinical research nurse, and self-leadership behaviour. The UWC Higher Degree Committee at the Faculty of Community and Health Sciences and the Senate Research Committee respectively approved this research project. No risks were anticipated for participants in the study.

Research suggests that reporting suicide has the potential to influence vulnerable individuals to emulate suicide behaviour. Media guidelines for the responsible reporting of suicide have been developed and disseminated worldwide, but with mixed success. One factor that may influence guideline uptake is the degree to which health professionals have collaborated with the media professionals in guideline development, dissemination and implementation. The study used semi-structured interviews with media professionals to understand attitudes towards the guidelines, to explore the ways in the media were engaged in communication regarding the guidelines, and to identify whether this engagement bears upon media attitudes toward the guidelines. Findings indicate that media professionals view the guidelines as useful information within the bounds of normal reporting, but find them difficult to implement. Excellence theory indicates that the predominantly one-way and asymmetrical strategies used to engage the media in communication around the guidelines may play a role in these attitudes. The study echoes literature suggesting that collaborative guideline development and implementation is essential to meaningfully change suicide reporting practices.

The spectrum of acute pancreatitis (AP) affects between 4.9 and 73.4 patients out of 100,000 worldwide annually (Tenner, Baillie, DeWitt, & Vege, 2013). AP uses the Atlanta classification system to establish a diagnosis of mild, moderate, or severe. The American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) has established comprehensive clinical practice guidelines (CPG) for the management of AP, the most recent version published in 2013 (Tenner et al., 2013). There have been similar CPGs published internationally that integrate current evidence-based research into recommendations for practice. These guidelines along with the ACG's guidelines recommend initiating a diet for mild acute pancreatitis patients due to research findings of improved patient outcomes (i.e. reduced length of hospital stay, decreased rate of infections, and reduced mortality) (Horibe et al., 2015; Lariño-Noia et al., 2014). There is an international awareness of the need for increased CPG nutrition recommendation compliance in the practice setting as many studies have found providers prefer to keep patients nil per os (NPO) and do not adhere to CPGs (Andersson, Andrén-Sandberg, Nilsson, & Andersson, 2012; Greenberg et al., 2016; Sun et al., 2013). The purpose of this doctor of nursing practice (DNP) project is to assess providers' current nutrition therapy practice and knowledge of the ACG’s CPG nutrition recommendations for mild AP patients. The researcher conducted the assessment with a hospitalist practice at Banner University Medical Center in Phoenix, Arizona. The results of the project contribute to the current body of research on national adherence to CPGs for AP and act as a needs assessment for future projects where a nutrition protocol order set may be established. The investigation of nutrition therapy for AP patients seeks to improve and standardize the care this patient population receives while in the acute care setting.

The diploma thesis at hand describes internal guidelines, their meaning and importance, and usage. The practical part of the thesis contains an analysis of the guidelines for accounting currently followed by the Municipal Office of Strmilov. The outcome of the analysis shall be included in the new internal guidelines that will be elaborated in accordance with applicable laws and specific procedures of the organization in question.

This thesis deals with comparing CSR activities of two selected Slovak banks. Theoretical part presents definition of CSR and explanation of the concept. It also describes various options for measurement, evaluation and reporting of Corporate Social Responsibility, where most attention is focused on the Reporting of Sustainable development according to GRI Guidelines. In the practical part, the comparison of the reporting of both banks is made, according to AIM model. Then, it continues with comparison of CSR activities of banks, based on GRI indicators. The last part of thesis consists of proposals for settlement of differences between banks and proposals, which could lead to greater efficiency in the field of CSR in the future.

Osteoporosis is a common health problem and it is increasing in prevalence due to the increase in the aging population. The interest to treat osteoporosis has increased in recent years, due to availability of screening modalities, advances in medications that may prevent osteoporotic fractures. Many studies have showed the high medical and economic burden of the disease on the patients, their caregivers and on the health system. Clinical practice guidelines for management of osteoporosis varied nationally and internationally, and the adherence of physicians to guidelines were always reported as suboptimal, though most studies were for after fragility fracture care gap and vert few looked at the primary screening to identify patients at risk before the occurrence of fractures. This thesis is composed of two manuscripts research project assessing the development and impact of screening for osteoporosis guidelines. The first chapter is an overview of osteoporosis, definition, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment. A follow up discussion of the literature on adherence of physicians to the osteoporosis guidelines, which ends up with the rational for this thesis. The first paper is a systematic review to identify guidelines for screening for osteoporosis from 2002-2016 (Chapter 2). We assessed the quality of these guidelines using the AGREE II and IOM standards, compared between the two tools, and assessed if the quality has changed over time. We extracted recommendations in key areas with summary of the systems that were used to assign the level of evidence and strength of recommendations. We found that the quality of guidelines has varied greatly between different countries with no significant change over time. The recommendations and systems for level of evidence were variable and all this may create confusion to clinicians. In the second paper, we used an interrupted time series design to assess the effect of three clinical practice guidelines for screening for osteoporosis in Ontario on the baseline bone mineral density (BMD) testing for older adults 65 years of age and above using administrative data by ICES from 1998-2006. All three guidelines recommend baseline BMD testing for this age population. In addition, we analyzed the pattern of repeated testing in accordance with the latest guideline. We have found low rates of baseline BMD testing with a decreasing pattern of testing. The last guideline in 2010 had gradually increased the trend of BMD testing, though it was a very small change. Stratified analyses by sex showed that the decrease in the total BMD testing is due to decrease in the testing for female population while there is an increasing trend of BMD testing in male population. CPG by Osteoporosis Canada in 2010 caused an immediate reduction in the BMD testing for female, yet, over a period of time, the guideline increased the BMD testing. For male population; the 2002 CPG had immediately increased the BMD testing, while over time this trend has decreased. Despite the low baseline BMD testing by physicians, there is an over use of repeated BMD testing in the low risk population, especially the annual and the 2 yearly BMD repeats. In conclusion: This research project found a varied quality of guideline development and reporting of guidelines for osteoporosis screening, and no improvement in the quality over time (2002-2016). Several systems were used to assign the level of evidence and strength of recommendations with conflicting recommendations between different health organizations in the same country such as in Canada. Many tools are available to appraise the quality of guidelines, however, comparing between two tools (AGREE II & IOM standards) showed that they may give conflicting results for guidelines quality. There is no effect of guidelines for screening for osteoporosis on the ordering of BMD testing to screen adults 65 years and above living in Ontario between 1998- 2016. A small increase the rate of baseline BMD testing followed the release of the 2010 guideline. For male population the 2002 guideline showed an evident immediate and gradual effect over time on the rate of baseline BMD testing ordering for male population. Despite the low baseline BMD testing rates for adults 65 years and above, there is an unnecessary repeated BMD testing for low risk population in Ontario between 2011-2016 which is not in compliance to the latest guideline for screening for osteoporosis.

No description available.