[pt] Uma bancada experimental foi desenhada e desenvolvida para realizar ensaios experimentais de um motor de ciclo Diesel utilizando gasolina como combustível. O motor (originalmente de ciclo diesel) foi adequado com diferentes dispositivos para funcionar em modo HCCI. Estas modificações não afetaram as condições originais do motor, podendo em qualquer momento voltar ao modo diesel. A instrumentação inclui medição de: temperatura (gases de escapamento, entrada da carga de admissão, óleo lubrificante), pressão (entrada do ar de admissão, entrada da gasolina, câmara de combustão), torque, rotação, vazão de ar, vazão de combustível. O motor foi submetido a diversas condições de operação e parâmetros de controle para estudar e analisar os efeitos da rotação do motor, da relação ar-combustível e da temperatura da mistura (ar-gasolina) de entrada na combustão HCCI. Os resultados indicam que as variações na quantidade de combustível e na temperatura de admissão têm um efeito direto na combustão HCCI. Maiores temperaturas ou quantidades de combustível provocam um avanço da fase de ignição, que teria uma influência direta no início da combustão e nas máximas pressões no interior da câmara de combustão. Os resultados também indicam que, incrementando a quantidade de combustível e variando a temperatura de admissão, mais energia útil é gerada até atingir o limite da zona de detonação, obtendo os melhores resultados para a temperatura de 75 Graus C com uma eficiência térmica de 34,2 por cento na rotação de 1900 RPM. Pequenos ganhos na eficiência de combustão são traduzidos em economias significativas de energia, reduzindo também os níveis de poluição dos gases de escapamento. / [en] An experimental device was designed and developed to perform experimental tests of a Diesel cycle engine using gasoline as fuel. The engine (originally Diesel cycle) was adequated with different devices to operate in HCCI mode. These modifications did not affect the original conditions of the engine, making it able return to the diesel mode at any moment. The instrumentation included measurement of: temperature (exhaust gases, intake charge admission, lubricating oil), pressure (inlet ar admission, injector nozzle, combustion chamber), torque, engine speed, crankshaft angle, air flow and fuel rate. The engine was submitted to various operating conditions and control parameters to study and analyze the effects of the engine speed, the air-fuel ratio and the temperature of the mixture (air-gasoline) in the HCCI combustion. The results indicate that variations in the amount of fuel and the intake temperature have a direct effect on HCCI combustion. High temperatures or amounts of fuel cause an advanced ignition, which would have a direct influence on the combustion timing and in the maximum pressure inside the combustion chamber. The results also indicate that increasing the amount of fuel and varying the inlet temperature, more useful energy is generated until it reaches the zone of detonation, getting the best results for the temperature of 75 C Degrees with a thermal efficiency of 34,2 percent at 1900 RPM. Small gains in combustion efficiency are translated into significant energy savings, reducing also the pollution levels caused by exhaust gases.

Pour franchir les prochaines étapes réglementaires, une des solutions adoptées par les constructeurs automobiles est la dépollution à la source par des nouveaux concepts de combustion. Une piste d’étude est le moteur à charge homogène allumé par compression, le moteur HCCI. Le défi majeur est de contrôler le phasage de la combustion lors des transitions. Or, l’ozone est un additif prometteur de la combustion. La première partie de ce travail est consacrée au développement d’un modèle 0D physique de la combustion dans le moteur HCCI à l’aide d’une approche statistique basée sur une fonction de densité de probabilité (PDF) de la température. Pour cela, un modèle de variance d’enthalpie est développé. Après la validation expérimentale du modèle, il est utilisé pour développer des cartographies du moteur HCCI avec et sans ajout de l’ozone afin d’évaluer le gain apporté par cet actuateur chimique en terme de charge et régime. La deuxième partie porte sur le contrôle du phasage de combustion par ajout d’ozone. Une étude de simulation est effectuée où des lois de commandes sont appliquées sur un modèle orienté contrôle. Les résultats montrent que l’ajout d’ozone permet de contrôler cycle-à-cycle le phasage de la combustion. En parallèle, une étude expérimentale sur un banc moteur est facilitée grâce à un système d’acquisition des paramètres de combustion (Pmax, CA50) en temps réel, développé au cours de cette étude. En intégrant les lois de commande par ajout d’ozone dans le calculateur du moteur (ECU), les résultats expérimentaux montrent la possibilité de contrôler non seulement cycle-à-cycle le phasage de la combustion par ajout d’ozone lors des transitions mais aussi de stabiliser le phasage de la combustion d’un point instable. / To pass the next legislator steps, one of the alternative solutions proposed for the depollution at the source by new concepts of combustion. One of proposed solution is the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine. The major challenge is to control combustion phasing during transitions. Ozone is promising additive to combustion. During this work, a 0D physical model is developed based on temperature fluctuations inside the combustion chamber by using Probability Density Function (PDF) approach. For this, an enthalpy variance model is developed to be used in Probability Density Function (PDF) of temperature. This model presents a good agreement with the experiments. It is used to develop HCCI engine map with and without ozone addition in order to evaluate the benefit of using ozone in extending the map in term of charge-speed. The second part deals with control the combustion phasing by ozone addition. A Control Oriented Model (COM) coupled with control laws demonstrates the possibility to control combustion phasing cycle-to-cycle. Thereafter, an experimental test bench is developed to prove this possibility. A real time data acquisition system is developed to capture combustion parameters (Pmax, CA50). By integrating control laws into Engine Control Unit (ECU), results demonstrate not only the controllability of combustion phasing cycle-to-cycle during transitions but also to stabilize it for an instable operating point.