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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
481

Radii and neutron correlations of (6,8)He within the Gamow Shell Model

Papadimitriou, Georgios 01 December 2011 (has links)
We study the spatial correlations between halo neutrons in 6,8He within the complex-energy Gamow Shell Model (GSM). To this end, we calculate the neutron and proton radii, and two-neutron correlations in a large shell model space consisting of the 0p3/2 resonance and non-resonant p-sd scattering continuum. We use schematic forces and the finite-range Modified Minnesota interaction.The calculated charge radii, corrected for the core polarization and spin-orbit effects, are compared to the values extracted from measured atomic isotope shifts.We find that the charge radius of 6He primarily depends on the two-neutron separation energy and the shell-model occupation of the 0p3/2 orbit.We confirm that the ground-state GSM wave function of 6Heis dominated by the S=0 component representing a di-neutron structure. On the other hand, the correlation density of the 2+ resonance in 6He indicates a very weak di-neutron correlations in this state. We study the effect of pairing correlations on the neutron and charge radii of 6He and we confirm the presence of the Pairing-Anti-Halo effect in this light system.Finally, we calculate the charge radius of 8He in the full GSM space with the help of the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) technique. The results of our realistic GSM+DMRG studies presented in this work show promise for extending the reach of the realistic complex-energy shell model to heavier halo systems.
482

Plasma spectroscopic diagnostic tool using collisional-radiative models and its application to different plasma discharges for electron temperature and neutral density determination

Sciamma, Ella Marion, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. Thesis (Ph. D.)--Université Paul Sabatier, 2007. / Thesis completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a joint Ph. D. from the University of Texas at Austin and the Université Paul Sabatier. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
483

Experimental and numerical investigation of the thermal performance of gas-cooled divertor modules

Crosatti, Lorenzo January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Co-Chair: Minami Yoda, Co-Advisor; Committee Co-Chair: Said I. Abdel-Khalik; Committee Member: Donald R. Webster; Committee Member: Narayanan M. Komerath; Committee Member: S. Mostafa Ghiaasiaan; Committee Member: Yogendra Joshi
484

Development of an experimental apparatus and method for characterizing the leakage of helium gas through composites due to cryogenic operation

Ragsdale, James Gordon. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.) -- Mississippi State University. Department of Mechanical Engineering. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.
485

Theoretical investigations in vibrational spectroscopy /

Beck, Douglas R., January 1996 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1996. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [129]-134).
486

The high pressure equation of state of the isotopes of solid hydrogen and helium

Driessen, Alfred. January 1982 (has links)
Thesis (Doctoral)--Universiteit van Amsterdam, 1982.
487

Conceito alternativo de um reator hibrido (conjunto sub-critico acoplado com acelerador)

PEREIRA, SERGIO A. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:46:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:56:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 08350.pdf: 7511291 bytes, checksum: 18b3142f54961c0556b2d92490449a3a (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
488

Magnétomètres à pompage optique à Hélium 4 : développement et preuve de concept en magnétocardiographie et en magnétoencéphalographie / Helium 4 optically-pumped magnetometers : development and proof of concept in magnetocardiography and magnetoecephalography

Corsi, Marie-Constance 12 October 2015 (has links)
La magnétocardiographie (MCG) et la magnétoencéphalographie (MEG) sont deux techniques d'imagerie non-invasives mesurant respectivement les champs magnétiques cardiaques et cérébraux. Les dispositifs actuels utilisent des capteurs supraconducteurs de haute performance mais nécessitant un dispositif de refroidissement cryogénique, engendrant de fortes contraintes tant techniques que financières. Les magnétomètres à pompage optique (OPM) tendent à constituer une réelle alternative. Parmi eux figurent ceux développés au CEA-LETI, basés sur l'utilisation de l'hélium 4. Cette thèse a pour objectif de développer des magnétomètres vectoriels à 4He (fonctionnant à température ambiante) dédiés aux applications MCG et MEG.Après une optimisation des paramètres-clés d'un prototype non-miniaturisé préexistant, une sensibilité inférieure à 100 fT/sqrt(Hz) a pu être obtenue suivant deux axes. Afin de respecter les besoins spécifiques de la MCG et de la MEG une étape de miniaturisation a dû être menée et une architecture gradient-métrique a été mise en place. Parallèlement, des tests précliniques menés à Clinatec nous ont permis de concevoir un nouveau conditionnement du prototype, ainsi qu'un système réduisant les perturbations magnétiques. Une analyse des principales sources de bruit a révélé que les deux principaux contributeurs au bruit sont le laser et le système de décharge HF. Nous avons ainsi envisagé plusieurs pistes d'amélioration du niveau de bruit dont une nouvelle technique de détection. Le prototype issu de ces travaux comporte une pièce élémentaire (la cellule) d'un centimètre de côté, et présente une sensibilité intrinsèque de 350 fT/sqrt(Hz).Le dispositif a ensuite été testé avec succès dans le cadre de mesures MCG sur un sujet sain, précédées de tests sur fantôme ayant permis de prouver l'opérabilité de nos capteurs dans un environnement clinique. Par ailleurs, la reproductibilité des résultats ainsi que la possibilité de réduire à 30 s le temps d'acquisition des données ont pu être démontrées. Une optimisation spécifique de la partie optique du prototype a permis d'obtenir une sensibilité de l'ordre de 210 fT/sqrt(Hz) entre 3 et 300 Hz, compatible avec l'application MEG. Après des tests menés avec succès sur fantôme, trois séries d'essais ont été réalisées sur un sujet sain. Nous avons pu ainsi détecter des potentiels évoqués auditifs, visuels ainsi qu'une modulation de l'activité cérébrale spontanée sous l'effet de l'ouverture des paupières. L'ensemble des résultats obtenus constitue les premières preuves de concept cliniques du dispositif en MCG et MEG. / Magnetocardiography (MCG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are non-invasive techniques consisting in measuring respectively cardiac and brain magnetic fields. Despite their performance, the sensors currently used need a cryogenic cooling system which engenders technical and financial constraints. New cryogenic-free sensors have recently emerged: the OPMs (Optically-Pumped Magnetometers). Among them, vector 4He magnetometers developed by CEA-LETI which work at room-temperature. This thesis is focused on the development of 4He magnetometers dedicated to MCG and MEG.After having optimized the key-parameters of a first non-miniaturized prototype, a sensitivity inferior to 100 fT/sqrt(Hz) has been obtained along two axes. In order to meet biomedical constraints, a miniaturization of the device has been processed. In parallel, preclinical tests were carried out which have enabled us to design a gradiometer mode, a new packaging, and a magnetically isolated system. A noise analysis revealed that laser and HF discharge were the main sources of disturbance, and lead us to consider improvements such as a new detection mode. Eventually, a sensor, with a 1cm-sided cell, and an intrinsic sensitivity of 350 fT/√Hz has been developed.Then, device has been successfully tested in the frame of the MCG application from a healthy subject, preceded by a simulation study with a phantom which enables us to demonstrate its operability within a clinical environment. Moreover, we have proved the reproducibility of the measurements and the possibility to detect the main features of the cardiac cycle within a 30 s recording time. A specific optimization of the optical part has enabled us to obtain a 210 fT/sqrt(Hz) sensitivity between 3 and 300 Hz, suitable for the MEG application. After having tested our device with a phantom, three MEG experiments were performed with a healthy subject: auditory evoked field, visual evoked field and spontaneous activities have been detected. The obtained results form the first clinical proof of concept of the device for MCG and MEG applications.
489

Measurement of the Rate Coefficients for the Bimolecular and Termolecular Charge Transfer Reactions of He₂⁺ with Ne, Ar, N₂, CO, CO₂, and CH₄

Lee, Francis Wha-Pyo 05 1900 (has links)
The problem with which this investigation is concerned is that of measuring the rate coefficients for termolecular charge transfer reactions of He2+ in atmospheric pressure afterglows with the minority reacting species. Of particular interest was the discovery that the presence of a third body can change an improbable charge transfer reaction involving He+2 into a very probable one, as in the case of the reaction with argon. For example, in Tables II and II it was shown that less than a 300 torr pressure of helium was required to double the effective rate of reaction of argon with He2+ while over 3000 torr was required for CH4. The sensitivity of the method has been sufficient to detect termolecular components as small as 2 x 10-30 cm /sec and values were found to range widely from 2 x 10 for Ne to 67 x 10-30 cm6/sec for CO2. The size of these termolecular rates not only served to explain specific anomalous efficiencies of the charge transfer process observed in atmospheric pressure lasers but also suggested the general importance of three-body ion-molecule reactions in higher pressure plasmas.
490

À la recherche de nouvelles forces avec l’hélium 3 polarisé / Probing short-range forces with polarized Helium 3

Guigue, Mathieu 11 June 2015 (has links)
L’exploration des interactions fondamentales entre les particules subatomiquesa abouti à la construction du Modèle Standard de la physique des particules qui n’a été misen défaut par aucune expérience en laboratoire. Cependant, de sérieuses indications théoriqueset cosmologiques révèlent des insuffisances au Modèle Standard et des déviationssont attendues. Cette nouvelle physique est recherchée auprès des grands collisionneursmettant en jeu des énergies de l’ordre de l’échelle électrofaible et au-delà. A contre-courant,la nouvelle physique pourrait aussi se manifester à très basse énergie, nécessitant des techniquesexpérimentales atypiques. Cette thèse traite des nouvelles forces de courte portéedépendantes du spin, sujet au coeur de la physique de précision à basse énergie. Un gazd’hélium 3 hyperpolarisé a été utilisé comme sonde de cette nouvelle interaction de portéesubmillimétrique. Ce manuscrit présente la meilleure exclusion sur l’intensité du couplagescalaire-pseudoscalaire gsgp pour des portées entre 1 μm et 100 μm correspondant à desmasses inférieures à 1 eV. / The exploration of fundamental interactions between subatomic particles ledto the particle physics Standard Model which remains unchallenged by any lab experiment.However, some serious theoretical and cosmological clues reveal shortcomings inthe Standard Model and deviations are expected. This new physics is searched for at largecolliders with energies of the order of the electroweak scale and beyond. With a differentphilosophy, one can expect the new physics to show up at very low energy using atypicalexperimental techniques. This thesis deals with short-range spin-dependent new forceswhich are at the heart of the low energy precision physics. A hyperpolarized helium 3 gaswas used as a probe of this new sub-mm interaction. This manuscript present the bestexclusion limit on the strength of a scalar-pseudoscalar coupling gsgp for ranges between1 μm and 100 μm, which correspond to sub-eV masses.

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