Les écoulements diphasiques sont couramment utilisés dans de nombreux domaines dont, en particulier, le domaine spatial. La performance de ces systèmes est entièrement régie par les couplages se produisant entre les écoulements et les transferts de chaleur. Cette particularité a conduit, depuis les dernières décennies, au développement de nombreuses études sur les écoulements diphasiques en microgravité. Afin d'accroître la connaissance sur le comportement thermo-hydraulique de ces systèmes thermiques, la présente étude se focalise sur l'étude de la condensation dans un mini-tube en présence ou non de la force gravitationnelle. Pour étudier l'effet de la gravité sur cette configuration, un premier modèle instationnaire d'écoulement diphasique a été développé. Parallèlement, une analyse des effets de la gravité sur l'hydrodynamique et les transferts thermique a été menée dans deux sections d'essai possédant un diamètre interne commun de 3,4 mm et des vitesses massiques faibles à modérées. La première étude a été réalisée au cours de la 62e campagne de vols paraboliques de l'ESA. Elle a été dédiée à la détermination des coefficients de transfert de chaleur quasi-locaux se produisant à l'intérieur d'un tube de cuivre. Afin de visualiser également les régimes d'écoulement présents, un tube en verre a été inséré au sein de cet échangeur. L'effet de la gravité sur les écoulements et les transferts a ainsi été déterminé. La seconde expérience, menée au sol, a porté sur l'étude d'un écoulement de vapeur descendant au sein d'un tube en saphir placé verticalement. Un protocole de mesure permettant d'obtenir simultanément l'épaisseur du film de liquide ruisselant et le coefficient d'échange local associé a été développé. / Liquid-vapor two-phase flows have common applications in many fields including space thermal management systems. The performances of such systems are entirely associated to the coupling between thermal and hydrodynamic phenomena. Therefore, two-phase flows in microgravity condition have emerged as an active research area in the last decades. In order to complete the state of the art and to contribute to the increase in the knowledge of hydrothermal behavior of two-phase thermal management systems, the present study was conducted on convective condensation inside a mini tube, both in normal and micro gravity conditions. To analyze the effect of gravity on such flows, a preliminary transient modeling of the two-phase flow has been established. Simultaneously, an experimental investigation was carried out on the hydrodynamic and thermal behaviors of condensation flows in two test sections of 3.4 mm inner diameter at low and intermediate mass velocities. The first experiment was conducted during the 62nd ESA parabolic flights campaign. The test section was made with copper and allowed measurements of the quasi-local heat transfer coefficient. A glass tube was also inserted in the middle of the test section for the visualization of the two-phase flow regime. From this study, the changes in heat transfer coefficient and flow regime according to gravity variations were determined. The second experiment was carried out on ground in a sapphire tube installed vertically considering downward flow. The set-up was designed in order to measure simultaneously the local heat transfer coefficient and the thickness of the liquid film falling down along the tube wall.

This study aimed to investigate performance of ARM-based computer clusters using two-phase immersion cooling approach, and demonstrate its potential benefits over the air-based natural and forced convection approaches. ARM-based clusters were created using Raspberry Pi model 2 and 3, a commodity-level, single-board computer. Immersion cooling mode utilized two types of dielectric liquids, HFE-7000 and HFE-7100. Experiments involved running benchmarking tests Sysbench high performance linpack (HPL), and the combination of both in order to quantify the key parameters of device junction temperature, frequency, execution time, computing performance, and energy consumption. Results indicated that the device core temperature has direct effects on the computing performance and energy consumption. In the reference, natural convection cooling mode, as the temperature raised, the cluster started to decease its operating frequency to save the internal cores from damage. This resulted in decline of computing performance and increase of execution time, further leading to increase of energy consumption. In more extreme cases, performance of the cluster dropped by 4X, while the energy consumption increased by 220%. This study therefore demonstrated that two-phase immersion cooling method with its near-isothermal, high heat transfer capability would enable fast, energy efficient, and reliable operation, particularly benefiting high performance computing applications where conventional air-based cooling methods would fail.