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Vertical transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment ... for the degree of Doctor of Public Health (Hospital and Molecular Epidemiology) ... /Massey, Jeffrey Paul. January 1993 (has links)
Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1993.
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Dynamics of the HIV-2-specific immunoglobulin A(IgA) response /Lizeng, Qin, January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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Analysis of HIV-1 variable loop 3-specific neutralizing antibody responses by HIV-2/HIV-1 envelope chimerasDavis, Katie L. January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed on June 24, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.
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The role of innate polymorphisms in drug selected protease and reverse transcriptase mutations in HIVNtemgwa, Michel Lemonge, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.). / Written for the Dept. of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine. Title from title page of PDF (viewed2009/06/10 ). Includes bibliographical references.
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A survey of students' knowledge behaviour and resultant attitudes towards HIV/AIDSPartington, Kathryn January 2003 (has links)
Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Counselling Psychology at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2003. / The study investigated student behaviour and knowledge related to HIV/AiDS on the University of Zuluiand campus. Because of the social and economic conditions that exist in the country today such research is seen as both urgent and pertinent it is hoped that the study will add to the knowledge base generated by other studies conducted at tertiary institutions throughout South Africa. The study had certain assumptions, which have been supported by the results of the survey, it was postulated that women students wouid be more conservative in sexual behaviour than mate students and that femaies would be more accepting and empathetic towards People living with HiV/AIDS (PLWHA). The study also predicted that there wouid be a segment of the student population who would reveal a dissonance between attitudes, knowledge and behaviours and also that a proportion of students of both sexes would reveal significant gaps in their knowledge about how HIV/AIDS is transmitted. These predictions are underpinned by the results and discussion thereof, which places them within the context of early 21st century South African society.
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The impact of HIV and AIDS on education as perceived by secondary school learners in Masilonyana District in the Free State ProvinceKolobe, A.B.M., Rambuda, A.M. January 2007 (has links)
Published Article / This paper reports on secondary school learners' perceptions of the impact of human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV and AIDS) on education. A questionnaire on the impact of HIV and AIDS on education was constructed and it was content validated against the theoretical assumptions supported by the literature on HIV and AIDS. Empirical investigation and findings reveal that learners perceive that HIV and AIDS have impact on educators, on learners themselves, on school environment, and on school enrolments and performance.
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A comparative analysis of mathematical models for HIV epidemiologyDe la Harpe, Alana 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV infection is one of the world’s biggest health problems, with millions of
people infected worldwide. HIV infects cells in the immune system, where it
primarily targets CD4+ T helper cells and without treatment, the disease leads
to the collapse of the host immune system and ultimately death. Mathematical
models have been used extensively to study the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS.
They have proven to be effective tools in studying the transmission dynamics of
HIV. These models provide predictions that can help better our understanding
of the epidemiological patterns of HIV, especially the mechanism associated
with the spread of the disease.
In this thesis we made a functional comparison between existing epidemiological
models for HIV, with the focus of the comparison on the force of infection
(FOI). The spread of infection is a crucial part of any infectious disease, as
the dynamics of the disease depends greatly on the rate of transmission from
an infectious individual to a susceptible individual.
First, a review was done to see what deterministic epidemiological models
exist. We found that many manuscripts do not provide the necessary information
to recreate the authors’ results and only a small amount of the models
could be simulated. The reason for this is mainly due to a lack of information
or due to mistakes in the article.
The models were divided into four categories for the analysis. On the basis of
the FOI, we distinguished between frequency- or density-dependent transmission,
and as a second criterion we distinguished models on the sexual activity
of the AIDS group. Subsequently, the models were compared in terms of their
FOI, within and between these classes. We showed that for larger populations,
frequency-dependent transmission should be used. This is the case for HIV,
where the disease is mainly spread through sexual contact.
Inclusion of AIDS patients in the group of infectious individuals is important
for the accuracy of transmission dynamics. More than half of the studies
that were selected in the review assumed that AIDS patients are too sick to
engage in risky sexual behaviour. We see that including AIDS patients in the
infectious individuals class has a significant effect on the FOI when the value
for the probability of transmission for an individual with AIDS is bigger than
that of the other classes.
The analysis shows that the FOI can vary depending on the parameter values
and the assumptions made. Many models compress various parameter values
into one, most often the transmission probability. Not showing the parameter
values separately makes it difficult to understand how the FOI works, since
there are unknown factors that have an influence. Improving the accuracy
of the FOI can help us to better understand what factors influence it, and
also produce more realistic results. Writing the probability of transmission
as a function of the viral load can help to make the FOI more accurate and
also help in the understanding of the effects that viral dynamics have on the
population transmission dynamics. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV-infeksie is een van die wêreld se grootste gesondheidsprobleme, met miljoene
mense wat wêreldwyd geïnfekteer is. MIV infekteer selle in die immuunstelsel,
waar dit hoofsaaklik CD4+ T-helperselle teiken. Sonder behandeling lei die
siekte tot die ineenstorting van die gasheer se immuunstelsel en uiteindelik sy
dood. Wiskundige modelle word breedvoerig gebruik om die epidemiologie van
MIV/vigs te bestudeer. Die modelle is doeltreffende instrumente in die studie
van die oordrag-dinamika van MIV. Hulle lewer voorspellings wat kan help
om ons begrip van epidemiologiese patrone van MIV, veral die meganisme wat
verband hou met die verspreiding van die siekte, te verbeter.
In hierdie tesis het ons ‘n funksionele vergelyking tussen bestaande epidemiologiese
modelle vir MIV gedoen, met die fokus van die vergelyking op die
tempo van infeksie (TVI). Die verspreiding van infeksie is ‘n belangrike deel
van enige aansteeklike siekte, aangesien die dinamika van die siekte grootliks
afhang van die tempo van oordrag van ‘n aansteeklike persoon na ‘n vatbare
persoon.
‘n Oorsig is gedoen om te sien watter kompartementele epidemiologiese modelle
alreeds bestaan. Ons het gevind dat baie van die manuskripte nie die nodige
inligting voorsien wat nodig is om die resultate van die skrywers te repliseer
nie, en slegs ‘n klein hoeveelheid van die modelle kon gesimuleer word. Die
rede hiervoor is hoofsaaklik as gevolg van ‘n gebrek aan inligting of van foute
in die artikel.
Die modelle is in vier kategorieë vir die analise verdeel. Op grond van die
TVI het ons tussen frekwensie- of digtheidsafhanklike oordrag onderskei, en
as ‘n tweede kriterium het ons die modelle op die seksuele aktiwiteit van die
vigs-groep onderskei. Daarna is die modelle binne en tussen die klasse vergelyk
in terme van hul TVIs. Daar is gewys dat frekwensie-afhanklike oordrag
gebruik moet word vir groter bevolkings. Dit is die geval van MIV, waar die
siekte hoofsaaklik versprei word deur seksuele kontak.
Die insluiting van die vigs-pasiënte in die groep van aansteeklike individue
is belangrik vir die akkuraatheid van die oordrag-dinamika van MIV. Meer
as helfte van die uitgesoekte studies aanvaar dat vigs-pasiënte te siek is om
betrokke te raak by riskante seksuele gedrag. Ons sien dat die insluiting van
vigs-pasiënte in die groep van aansteeklike individue ‘n beduidende uitwerking
op die TVI het wanneer die waarde van die waarskynlikheid van oordrag van
‘n individu met vigs groter is as dié van die ander klasse.
Die analise toon dat die TVI kan wissel afhangende van die parameter waardes
en die aannames wat gemaak is. Baie modelle voeg verskeie parameter waardes
bymekaar vir die waarskynlikheid van oordrag. Wanneer die parameter waardes
nie apart gewys word nie, is dit moeilik om die werking van die TVI te verstaan,
want daar is onbekende faktore wat ‘n invloed op die TVI het. Die
verbetering van die akkuraatheid van die TVI kan ons help om die faktore
wat dit beïnvloed beter te verstaan, en dit kan ook help om meer realistiese
resultate te produseer. Om die waarskynlikheid van oordrag as ‘n funksie van
die viruslading te skryf kan help om die TVI meer akkuraat te maak en dit kan
ook help om die effek wat virale dinamika op die bevolkingsoordrag-dinamika
het, beter te verstaan.
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Trestní odpovědnost za šíření HIV infekce / Criminal Liability for Transmission of HIV infectionStavrovský, Tomáš January 2019 (has links)
The goal of my master thesis is to introduce the subject of criminal liability for spreading the HIV virus and to prompt the discussion of the expediency level of current legislation. Furthermore, it is also to introduce individual concepts of punishment for spreading the HIV virus and offer alternatives which are in this context self-evident. My thesis begins with the introduction, it then continues with three general chapters, two analytic chapters and a conclusion. The introduction presents the core sources of work and the methodology. The second chapter following the introduction is the explanation of the basic general connections to the phenomena of HIV and AIDS, in regards to new research which concerns curing and preventing the spread of the HIV infection, along with the historical context in which the debate about HIV and AIDS evolved, especially in Czechoslovakia, more specifically the Czech Republic. Furthermore it lists individual concepts of understanding this issue in specific countries as practical examples. The third chapter introduces the legislation that establishes the criminal liability for spreading HIV. I paid special attention to domestic legislation and particularly the law concerning public health, and the Criminal Code. The fourth chapter introduces in greater detail...
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A comparison of consumer-controlled and traditional HIV counseling and testing implications for screening and outreach among injection drug users /Bartholow, Bradford Noyes. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia State University, 2005. / Title from title screen. Roger Bakeman, committee chair; James Emshoff, John Peterson, Gabriel Kuperminc, committee members. Electronic text (100 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 24, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-100).
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Oncolytic Viruses as a Potential Approach to Eliminate the HIV ReservoirCostiniuk, Cecilia T. 12 March 2013 (has links)
Similar to cancer cells, HIV-infected cells differ from HIV-uninfected cells in that they have altered interferon signaling pathways, the apparent reason for the selectivity of certain oncolytic viruses (OVs). Therefore, it was hypothesized that use of an OV, such as recombinant Maraba virus (MG1), may be a potential approach to eliminate latently-infected cells constituting the HIV reservoir while sparing HIV-uninfected cells. This was studied in U1, ACH-2, OM-10 and J1.1 cells and their respective HIV-uninfected parent cell lines in addition to CD4+CD25-HLADR- cells from HIV-infected individuals on effective antiretroviral therapy. Although MG1 infected and killed latently HIV-infected U1 cells to a greater degree than the HIV-uninfected parent U937 cells, this was not observed in the other HIV-infected cell lines and their respective parent cell lines. Furthermore, results from primary cells suggest that MG1 alone does not appear to eliminate cells which comprise the major HIV reservoir. Challenges of studying the HIV reservoir and priorities for future studies examining the use of OVs as a potential strategy to eliminate the HIV reservoir are discussed.
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