Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Based on the significant evidence from the three African randomized controlled trials, the WHO and UNAIDS recommended in 2007 that medical male circumcision should be a priority HIV prevention intervention. The three randomized trials in Africa demonstrated that adult male circumcision decreases the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition in men between 51% to 60%, with long-term protective efficacy. This study intends to document and analyze the effectiveness of three communication interventions used in transferring knowledge about medical male circumcision as an HIV preventative strategy. Furthermore it also aims to determine which communication intervention will have the greatest effect in improving knowledge and understanding about medical male circumcision as an HIV preventative measure for implementation in future health promotion programmes. The research in this comparative study was conducted on a farm in the Overstrand sub-district of the Western Cape Province in South Africa, Haygrove Haven. A total of 30 male employees aged 18 to 45 was randomly selected to participate in the study. The data was collected using a self-administered pre-test questionnaire. In order to compare the pre- and post-test answers, the questions were repeated to determine the knowledge transfer after the respective information and training sessions. Analysis of the data was a simple process and limited to the necessary information to graph the required conclusions by using the computer programme Microsoft Excel 2010. The study looked at the statistical indicators of knowledge, perception and awareness of participants with regards to medical male circumcision as an HIV and AIDS prevention strategy. The findings exhibited that most people knew about MMC but very few had knowledge of the protective effect of the procedure against HIV acquisition and transmission. The study concluded that providing accurate information with fitting communication material at the right literacy levels, peoples’ knowledge of the benefits of medical male circumcision does increase. This will contribute to change the perception and therefore increase the acceptability of the procedure. This conforms to the subject of the WHO and UNAIDS 2007 study and can improve their findings. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In 2007 het die WGO en UNAIDS aanbeveel dat mediese manlike besnydenis ‘n prioriteit MIV-voorkomings program moet raak, wat gebaseer is op die beduidende bewyse van drie Afrika gerandomiseerde gekontroleerde proewe. Die drie gerandomiseerde proewe in Afrika toon dat volwasse manlike besnydenis verminder die menslike immuniteitsgebreksvirus (MIV) in mans met 51% tot 60%, met 'n lang-termyn beskermende doeltreffendheid. Hierdie studie is van voorneme om die doeltreffendheid van drie kommunikasie-intervensies wat gebruik word in die oordrag van kennis oor mediese manlike besnydenis as 'n MIV-voorkomende strategie, te dokumenteer en te analiseer. Verder stel dit ook ten doel om te bepaal watter kommunikasie-intervensie die grootste invloed in die verbetering van kennis en begrip oor mediese manlike besnydenis as 'n MIV-voorkomende maatreël, vir implementering in toekomstige gesondheidsbevorderingsprogramme. Die navorsing in hierdie vergelykende studie is uitgevoer op 'n plaas in die Overstrand-sub-distrik van die Wes-Kaap in Suid-Afrika, Haygrove Haven. 'n Totaal van 30 manlike werknemers tussen die ouderdomme 18 tot 45 is lukraak gekies om deel te neem aan die studie. Die data is ingesamel met behulp van 'n self-geadministreerde vraelys waar die pre-toets vrae in die post-toets herhaal word, om die antwoorde met mekaar te vergelyk, om sodoende te bepaal watter opleidingsessie die grootste kennis oordrag laat plaasvind. Ontleding van die data is beperk en so eenvoudig as moontlik om die gevolgtrekkings te maak en grafies deur te gee deur gebruik te maak van die rekenaarprogram Microsoft Excel 2010. Die studie kyk na die statistiese aanwysers van kennis, persepsie en bewustheid van die deelnemers met betrekking tot mediese manlike besnydenis as 'n MIV-en VIGS-voorkoming strategie. Die bevindinge van die studie is dat die meeste mense bewus is van mediese manlike besnydenis, maar baie min kennis gehad het van die beskermende effek van die prosedure teen MIV verkryging en oordrag. Die studie het bevind dat die verskaffing van akkurate inligting met gepaste kommunikasie materiaal op die regte geletterdheidsvlakke, mense se kennis van die voordele van mediese manlike besnydenis kan laat toeneem. Dit is bydraend om ‘n individu se persepsie te verander en dus die aanvaarbaarheid van die prosedure te verhoog. Dit voldoen aan die onderwerp van die WHO en UNAIDS 2007 studie en kan sodoende hul bevindings verbeter.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this research study was to look at the challenges which student peer educators face at Stellenbosch University. Semi-structured interviews were done with male and female peer educators who are involved at the Office for Institutional HIV Co-ordination (OIHC), where the peer educators have been recruited and trained. Interviews were done to determine what the peer educators’ experiences are when they work on campus, go out into the community and even when they socialise with their friends. From listening to the peer educators’ experiences it was found that with safe sex messaging there are mixed responses from males and females. According to the peer educators, students would rather purchase another brand of condoms than the Choice condoms distributed on campus. It was also found that males did not have a problem with condoms being placed in their residences, while females had a problem with that. Regarding HIV testing, females are much more open and enthusiastic to go for an HIV test than males. Challenging someone’s risky sexual behaviour is a huge challenge for all peer educators, since behaviour change does not happen easily. Many students also used withdrawal as a form of contraception. In the community peer educators were faced with language barriers and married people were not very enthusiastic to go for an HIV test. Behaviour change is possible, but difficult to bring about. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die navorsingstudie was om te kyk na die uitdagings wat studente portuurgroep-opleiers ervaar by Stellenbosch Universiteit. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gedoen met manlike en vroulike portuurgroep-opleiers wie betrokke is by die Kantoor vir Institusionele MIV Ko-ordinering, waar die portuurgroep-opleiers opleiding ontvang het. Onderhoude is gedoen om te bepaal wat die portuurgroep-opleiers se ervarings was wanneer hulle gewerk het op kampus, in die gemeenskap, of met hulle vriende gekuier het. Deur na die portuurgroep-opleiers se ervarings te luister is daar gevind dat deur die oordra van veilige seks boodskappe daar gemengde reaksies was by mans en vroue. Volgens die portuurgroep-opleiers sal studente liewer ander kondome koop en gebruik as die Choice kondome wat op kampus versprei word. Daar is ook gevind dat mans in die koshuise nie ’n probleem gehad het as daar kondome in hulle koshuis geplaas word nie, terwyl vroue wel ’n probleem daarmee het. Wat MIV toetse betref was vroue meer entoesiasties om vir ‘n MIV toets te gaan as mans. Om iemand se seksuele gedrag uit te daag is baie moeilik aangesien gedragsverandering nie so maklik gebeur nie. Baie studente gebruik ook “withdrawal” as ‘n tipe voorbehoedmiddel. In die gemeenskap was daar taal probleme wat portuurgroep-opleiers ondervind het sowel as getroude mense wat nie optimisties was om vir ‘n MIV toets te gaan nie. Gedragsverandering is moontlik, maar baie moeilik.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to establish the factors that influence young men to attend and access HIV education programme in order to improve young men’s focus on HIV education programme and to increase young men’s involvement with HIV prevention initiatives. The researcher used the qualitative research method to establish factors why young men were not attending HIV education programmes in Mogale City, Gauteng. It was found that young men are willing to attend HIV education programme that are innovative, interesting and will meet their sexual and reproductive health needs. Although they are willing to attend HIV education programmes, young men are scared of the reality of visiting clinics for testing, because clinics perpetuate stigma by separating HIV counselling and testing rooms and healthcare provider attitudes towards young men. They would also like to be part of the planning process to ensure that HIV education programmes are tailored to their needs. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oogmerk van die studie was om die faktore te bepaal wat jongmans beïnvloed om MIV-opvoedingsprogramme by te woon en toegang daartoe te verkry, ten einde jongmans se fokus op MIV-opvoedingsprogramme te verbeter en jongmans se betrokkenheid by MIV-voorkomingsinisiatiewe te verhoog. Die navorser het die kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetode gebruik om die faktore te bepaal waarom jongmans nie MIV-opvoedingsprogramme in Mogale City, Gauteng, bywoon nie. Daar is gevind dat jongmans bereid was om MIV-opvoedingsprogramme by te woon wat innoverend en interessant is en aan hulle seksuele en reproduktiewe gesondheidsbehoeftes sal voldoen. Alhoewel hulle bereid was om MIVopvoedingsprogramme by te woon, is jongmans bang vir die werklikheid daarvan om klinieke vir toetsing te besoek, omdat klinieke stigma perpetueer deur MIVberadingskamers en toetskamers van mekaar te skei; en vanweë gesondheidsorgverskaffers se houding teenoor jongmans. Hulle wil ook graag deel wees van die beplanningsproses om te verseker dat MIV-opvoedingsprogramme volgens hulle behoeftes aangepas word.

The current South African labour laws have evolved through decades of transitions. It originated from an autocratic employment relationship to the fight for worker rights and finally, to the equal rights and freedom of workers. However the rights of workers were always regulated by the idiosyncrasies and oppression of the political fabric of this country. One of the greatest contributing factors that enhanced worker confidence is the introduction of the previous Interim Constitution and the now, Final Constitution, which provided for equality for all South African citizens. All such laws have impacted intensely on the South African labour framework. Currently, we exist in a country where there are laws that ensure worker protection. On the face of it, the labour laws are clearly democratic. However, in practice, there exist many gaps in the law. This study is primarily based on identifying the areas of the labour laws where such laws do not adequately cater for the South African population and its diversities, and where it is not consistent with the International Labour standards. Major emphasis will be placed on the application of the law and the intention behind the drafters of such legislation. One area of focus is the application of the law to the HIV/AIDS crisis in South Africa. HIV/AIDS is seen as an epidemic that is adversely penetrating the workforce and a company's productivity. The disease itself is growing at an enormous pace and already, a small percentage of the population is affected by it. The disease inevitably leads to a drop in a company's output through the increase in employee absenteeism and deaths, and it also obligates employers to re-arrange their staff or hire new staff. Companies have been forced to change their policies and to create awareness in the workplace to adequately cater for workers who suffer from this epidemic. The laws itself have not made sufficient provision for applying itself to the growth in the percentage of AIDS employees. With a large percentage of the workforce having the disease, there has not been sufficient protection of such persons and their families. There are three stages in the HIV/AIDS cycle and the last stage weakens employees to the extent that they are unable to work. And with medical costs being as high as it is today, it won't be long before such employees lack the financial means to survive. Hence there is little protection to workers after contracting the AIDS virus. This is merely one of the areas of the HIV/AIDS crisis that requires review of the current labour laws. The labour laws are new to providing protection to workers. Inevitably, it is the responsibility of workers to protect themselves, either through saving on their own or entering into endowment or similar policies. However, with the instability in our current economic climate, it is difficult for employees to invest or to save. Employment Equity has been another area that requires development within the South African labour framework. Such equity is based on rectifying the political ravages of the past, where previously disadvantaged persons were prejudiced in various areas of the employment arena. Affirmative Action has been one area of change that many companies and corporations were forced to deal with. The International Labour Organization (ILO) has always attempted to diversify its laws to cater for the diversities of the world population. South Africa adopted many of its laws, specifically with regards to the HIV/AIDS crisis. However, considering that the labour laws are seen as a rapidly-changing area in the world economy, such areas are making it difficult for the current laws to be consistent with such changes. Emphasis is now placed on the application of the laws to such changes. This study is a very much theoretical to the extent that it identifies the areas of applicable law and the areas that require improvement or change in order to satisfy the "democracy" in a democratic country. / Thesis (M.B.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV counseling and testing (HCT) is a cornerstone of both HIV prevention and care in South Africa, but only one in five South Africans who are aware of HCT services have been tested for HIV and hence the uptake is reportedly low. This study investigated factors that prevent the uptake of HCT programme in the workplace. Specific factors that were looked at include: fear of learning about one‟s HIV status, HIV-stigma and discrimination and knowledge of and attitudes towards HCT. The study employed descriptive survey design; anonymous questionnaires were randomly distributed irrespective of age, gender, marital status, race, educational level, work position and experience. Closed and open-ended easy- to- answer questions which were written in English were asked; and they required fewer instructions. Ethical issues were considered and university guidelines followed. The results of this study showed that a great proportion of participants (93.8%) tested for HIV as compared to (6.2%) who had never tested. Of these, 59.4 % tested because they wanted to know their HIV status and, 43.8% of participants preferred using the workplace HCT programme for convenience; while 50% used private facilities for privacy and confidentiality. The study further established that fear of knowing one‟s HIV status, workplace discrimination, knowledge of and attitudes towards HCT were not associated with workplace HCT programme uptake. The results did however show that both participants who had tested and those who had not tested (68.8%) demonstrated significantly greater AIDS-related stigma. Supportive and collaborative efforts are necessary to create and promote an enabling and conducive environment in order to dispel workplace HIV-related stigma. In addition, it is imperative to develop and implement workplace stigma mitigation strategy putting in place interventions that aim to reduce all forms of stigma, as well as emphasizing on the benefits of testing. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: MIV/Vigs-voorligting en toetsing is die hoeksteen vir beide die voorkoming en versorging van MIV-pasiënte in Suid-Afrika. Ongelukkig is net ongeveer een uit elke vyf mense bewus van hulle MIV-status. Die doel van hierdie studie is 'n poging om vas te stel waarom so min mense gebruik maak van gratis toetsingsdienste in die werksplek. 'n Beskrywende studie-ontwerp is in hierdie navorsing gebruik met anonieme vraelyste wat ewekansig versprei is onder 'n steekproef waarin geen onderskeid ten opsigte van ras, geslag. opvoedkundige vlak, posisie in die werk en ervaring gemaak is nie. Geslote en oop-einde vrae is gebruik en Engels is as kommunikasiemedium gebruik omdat al die proefpersone dit verstaan het. Resultate van die studie het aangetoon dat beduidend meer mense hulle wel laat toets het teenoor die wat hulle nie laat toets het nie. Die studie het verder bevind dat faktore soos die vrees om status te weet; diskriminasie in die werksplek, kennis van en houding teenoor MIV/Vigs nie geassosieer kan word met die lae opname van vrywillige toetsing in die werksplek nie. Die studie het wel bevind dat diegene wat hulle . laat toets het, beduidend meer stigma in die werksplek ondervind. Ondersteunende dienste is uiters nodig ten einde stigma suksesvol in die werksplek te bestuur. Daar word voorgestel dat daar 'n volledige opleidingsprogram ,in die werksplek van die organisasie wat in die studie gebruik is, ontwikkel moet word ten einde die invloed van stigma tot 'n minimum te beperk.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African prevalence is estimated at just over 17.1%, but efforts to reduce the number of HIV and AIDS deaths have dramatically changed. What is disturbing is that HIV prevalence rate in South African correctional facilities is higher than in general population. At 44%, HIV prevalence rate in South African correctional facilities are more than double of the just over 17.1% HIV prevalence rate in general population at the end of 2012 (UNAIDS, 2013). South African department of correctional services should regard these as a serious challenge given the increased number of sexual assaults and rape in correctional facilities as the Minister of correctional services Sbu Ndebele recently stated in Prison Brief. These could be worsening if the DCS does not come up with proactive strategies to reduce this prevalence in our Correctional facilities. These come back to the very same correctional officers who are not even aware of this state of HIV prevalence in their correctional facilities. This is because the findings of this study illustrate that majority of the correctional officers stationed in Johannesburg management area have limited knowledge about HIV and AIDS general information and they do not trust their management and their employee assistant staff when it comes to HIV and AIDS and this deny them necessary support and care from their employer. As the global HIV and AIDS epidemic enters its fourth decade, we are confronted by new challenges. In recent years, research related to HIV and AIDS has abounded as scholars continue to seek insight into the reciprocal influence of the pandemic on the one hand and various social systems on the other (Ebersohn, 2008). The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes and sexual practices of correctional officers relating to HIV in Johannesburg management area, Gauteng Region: South Africa. In this study the emerging findings are that Johannesburg management area are implementing their workplace HIV and AIDS programmes without a KAP study conducted to establish the baseline information about their employees, let alone conducting the KAP study on the regular basis to establish the effect of their workplace HIV and AIDS programmes. This was evident when majority of the respondents in this study had a limited knowledge about HIV in general and HIV prevalence in their country and their correctional facilities. Furthermore, there were also a poor monitoring and evaluation of such programmes. Another disturbing finding was that correctional officers in this management area did not have trust on their employee assistant staff and this was evident when 56% of the respondents responded that they would not use their internal EAP in HIV/AIDS related matters. This was the same when it comes to correctional officers attitudes towards management of this management area. This is evident when 71% of the respondents responded that if tested positive for HIV, they would not inform their immediate supervisors, managers, EAP and let alone their chaplain. This implies that there is a lack of trust between the management and their employees and between the employees and the employee assistant programme staff. However, correctional officers attitudes towards offenders living with HIV and AIDS is very good and encouraging and if correctional officers of this management area are given enough HIV information, they may pass it easily to all offenders as they interact with them on a daily basis. Given correctional officers‟ response on HIV testing and the use of EAP it is recommended that external service providers unknown to correctional officers should be used instead if management is unable to conduct a successful capacity building within the management area. Majority of the correctional officers according to this study had a limited knowledge about HIV treatment, cure and vaccine as they are unable to differentiate between the three and this is should be a serious concern for the department of correctional services. Although correctional officers sexual practices in this study findings indicated that correctional officers are well equipped when it comes to safe sexual practices, workplace HIV and AIDS programmes should include cultural beliefs, religion, tradition and myths to fight the spread of this epidemic. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die kennisvlakke asook die houdings en seksuele praktyke van korrektiewe offisiere binne die Departement van Korrektiewe Dienste in die Gauteng Streek in Suid-Afrika te ondersoek. Indien die korrektiewe offisier nie die nodige kennis en vaardighede besit om die verspreiding van die MIV-virus te beperk nie, kan hulle nie 'n doeltreffende rol speel in die Suid-Afrikaanse tronke nie. 'n Vraelys is vir die inwin van data gebruik en 'n steekproef van korrektiewe offisiere is vir die studie gebruik. Die data is op 'n beskrywende vlak ontleed en gevolgtrekkings is gemaak. Die studie bevind dat 'n minderheid van korrektiewe offisiere oor 'n voldoende kennisvlak van MIV beskik. Daar is verder bevind dat daar nie voldoende opleidingsfasiliteite vir hierdie korrektiewe amptenare bestaan nie en dat die programme wat wel aangebied word, nie behoorlik gemonitor en ge-evalueer word nie. Daar is egter bevind dat korrektiewe amptenare wel 'n positiewe houding het teenoor oortreders wat wel MIV-positief is en dat hulle wel die beperkte kennis waaroor hulle beskik na die beste van hulle vermoë oordra aan die oortreders gesurende hulle daaglikse interaksie. Voorstelle word in die studie gemaak vir die ontwikkeling en aanbieding van doeltreffende opleidingsprogramme vir korrektiewe offisiere. Daar word ook voorgestel dat korrektiewe offisiere op 'n veel groter skaal bewus gemaak word van die komplekse interaksie tussen tradisie, vooroordele en mites wat rondom suksesvolle MIV/Vigs-bekamping bestaan.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the level of HIV and AIDS knowledge, attitudes, as well as practices amongst caregivers of HIV infected children in Pretoria, using Kalafong hospital as a case study. The study uses a questionnaire as survey instrument. A total of 30 respondents participated in the study, which took place in October of 2013. The respondents were selected via simple random sampling and the results were analyzed. The results showed a remarkably high level of HIV and AIDS knowledge amongst the respondents, from which it was evident, that: A significant number of caregivers were aware of and able to take care of existing medical conditions arising from HIV in children. Most of the home-based care of children living with HIV was carried out by women in a very disproportionate ratio to men. In this regard, the study offers a range of suggestions and recommendations as well as existing best practices, such as the UNAIDS booklet on caregiving within the context of HIV and AIDS. The study was undertaken with the realization that generalizations cannot be made through extrapolation to the larger society because of limitations, such as the sample size of this study. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:Hierdie studie ondersoek die vlak van MIV/VIGS kennis, houdings teenoor dieselfde, sowel as praktyke onder versorgers van MIV-besmette kinders in Pretoria, met behulp van Kalafonghospitaal as 'n gevallestudie. Die studie maak gebruik van 'n vraelys as opname instrument. 'n Totaal van 30 respondente het deelgeneem aan die studie, wat in Oktober 2013 plaasgevind het. Die respondente is gekies deur 'n eenvoudige ewekansige steekproefneming en die resultate is ontleed. Die resultate toon 'n merkwaardig hoë vlak van MIV en VIGS kennis onder die respondente. Hierdie kennis, houdings en praktyke opgedoen was voldoende om daarop te let: • 'n beduidende aantal van die versorgers is bewus van en in staat om bestaande toestande in MIV-sorg in kinders te versorg. • Die meeste van die tuisversorging van kinders wat met MIV leef is uitgevoer deur vroue in 'n baie oneweredige verhouding met mans. In hierdie verband bied die studie 'n verskeidenheid van voorstelle en aanbevelings sowel as die bestaande beste praktyke soos die UNAIDS boekie oor versorging binne die konteks van MIV en VIGS. Die studie is gedoen onder die besef dat veralgemenings nie gemaak kan word deur ekstrapolasie na die groter samelewing nie, as gevolg van beperkings soos die monster grootte van hierdie studie

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to measure the level of HIV and Aids knowledge, attitudes and safer sex practices among student men who have sex with men (MSM) at a higher education institution in the Western Cape. The study served to recommend guidelines for effective and enhanced targeted intervention response for MSM student community. A total of 36 MSM students aged between 19 and 36 (of which most were South African, black and Xhosa speaking) were recruited to take part in the study. Selection was done via snowball sampling. Respondents completed questionnaires upon consenting to participate in the study. The study found moderately high levels of basic HIV knowledge among the sampled MSM population. There were, however, lower levels of knowledge reported regarding the associated risk and effective prevention strategies of anal sex when compared to similar information about vaginal sex and oral sex. Findings also show that participants had very positive attitudes towards HIV testing, condom use and a non-discriminating environment. Respondents lacked confidence in both management and student leadership with regards to their responsibility in mitigating homophobia/discrimination against MSM student population. Furthermore, a high number of respondents reported having sex with men and women as well as multiple sexual partnerships. Self-reported alcohol and drug use were found to be very low, with the majority of participants indicating non-use. Participants stated little challenges accessing health care services. However, respondents felt MSM specific information about health care related rights and needs were lacking. Recommendations from this study include current HIV and Aids policy reform, mainstreaming MSM-friendly health care services, introducing combination HIV prevention programmes such as Mpowerment and addressing the human rights needs of MSM. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die vlakke van MIV en Vigs kennis, houdings en veilige seksuele praktyke onder manlike studente wat seks het met mans (MSM) by 'n hoër onderwys instansie in die Wes-Kaap te meet. Die studie het gepoog om riglyne daar te stel vir die bewerkstelling van effektiewe en verbeterde geteikende intervensies vir die MSM studente gemeenskap. Daar was 36 MSM studente tussen die ouderdomme van 19 en 36 (meestal Suid-Afrikaans, swart en Xhosa-sprekend) gewerf vir die studie. Seleksie is gedoen deur middel van die sneeubal steekproef-metode. Deelnemers het 'n vraelys voltooi nadat hulle ingewillig het om deel te neem aan die studie. Deelnemers het matig tot hoë vlakke van basiese MIV en Vigs kennis getoon. Daar was egter laer vlakke van kennis oor gepaardgaande risiko’s en effektiewe voorkoming strategieë ten opsigte van anale seks in vergelyking met dieselfde informasie oor vaginale en orale seks. Die studie het verder bevind dat deelnemers baie positiewe houdings gehad het teenoor MIV-toetsing, die gebruik van kondome en 'n nie-diskriminerende omgewing. Verder het hulle min vertroue getoon in beide die bestuur en studente leierskap se vermoë om sake wat verband hou met homofobie en/of diskriminasie teen die MSM studente bevolking, effektief te hanteer. Daar is gevind dat baie respondente seks het met mans en vroue en ook verskeie seksuele maats het. Self-gerapporteerde alkohol- en dwelmgebruik was relatief laag onder respondente met die meerderheid wat aangedui het hulle glad nie alkohol of dwelms gebruik nie. Deelnemers het ook rapporteer dat gesondheidsdienste vir hulle maklik toeganklik is. Respondente het ook gevoel dat MSM spesifieke informasie oor gesondheidsverwante regte en behoeftes tans ontbreek. Aanbevelings wat voortspruit uit hierdie studie sluit in die hersien van die huidige MIV en Vigs beleid, die skepping van MSM-vriendelike dienste, die implementering van MIV-voorkomingsprogramme soos Mpowerment en die bevordering van menseregte wat verband hou met MSM.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study investigated implementation of HIV/AIDS policy by senior management in Youngsfield military base. Some of the aspects evaluated included training concerning HIV, campaigns, allocation of budget to manage HIV and knowledge of policy by management. Self-administered questionnaires were used as a method of collecting data. The respondents included in the study ages ranged between 25-59 years. The majority of the respondents did not have any problem in completing questionnaires. Results revealed that involvement of headquarters in allocating funds to acquire training aids, distribution of pamphlets and other information educating personnel insufficient, poor implementation of workplace HIV/AIDS policy by management on all levels, lack of programs dealing with HIV/AIDS and lack of HIV/AIDS policy knowledge by management to lesser extent. Recommendations of this study includes aspects dealing with HIV/AIDS workplace programs, importance of occupational health and safety, addressing stigma and discrimination, absenteeism, HIV/AIDS training and most importantly campaigns throughout the year. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om die implementering van die beleidsdokument wat handel oor MIV/Vigs in die werksplek deur die senior bestuur in Youngsfield militere basis te ondersoek. Van die aspekte wat die navorser ondersoek het is MIV/Vigs bewusmakingveldtogte, beskikbaarheid van fondse en kennis van die Suid Afrikaanse Nationale Weermag beleidsdocument wat handel oor MIV/Vigs in die werksplek. Studievraelyste is aan respondente uitgedeel. Respondente wat aan die studie deelgeneem het se ouderdome wissel tussen 25 en 59 jaar. Die grootste getal deelnemers het geen beswaar aangeteken om die vraelyste te voltooi nie. Die grootste getal van respondente het aangedui dat die fondse wat beskikbaar gestel word onvoldoende is om die boodskap oor die gevare van MIV/Vigs te versprei. Daar is verder bevind dat belangrike aspekte soos biljette, pamflette, video opnames en getikte material nie versprei kan as gevolg van tekort aan fondse. MIV/Vigs beleid is beskikbaar in militere basisse van die Suid Afrikaanse Nationale Weermag. Die enigste tekort is die implementering daarvan. Die aanbevelings wat bevind is deur die studie sluit in MIV/Vigs programme in die werkplek, die aanspreek van stigma en diskriminasie, afwesigheid weens kroniese siektes wat MIV/Vigs insluit en hantering van ongevalle in die werkplek.

Recognizing that a parent is a key role player in fighting HIV/AIDS, the researcher conducted a study to examine and describe the knowledge parents have of this disease and its virus. The study was conducted among a sample of 100 parents/guardians, using a questionnaire to examine the respondents' conceptual, episodic, descriptive, procedural and declarative knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The study found that the respondents lacked especially conceptual and declarative knowledge and that the main factor contributing to knowledge is the level of education. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)