"An inaugural dissertation, for the degree of Doctor of Medicine, submitted to the examination of the Rev. John Andrews, D.D. provost, (pro tem.) the trustees, and medical professors of the University of Pennsylvania, on the 5th day of June, 1805"--P. (3). / Dedicated to Dr. James Glasgow, of Baltimore, and Benjamin S. Barton, M.D. Microform version available in the Readex Early American Imprints series.

The hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is a dioecious, diploid (2n=2x=20) species. Triploid hops (2n=3x=30) are easily obtained from tetraploid by diploid crosses and are preferred because of their natural seedlessness and increased vigor. The female inflorescence is used for flavoring beer. Because brewers require product consistency, the brewing characteristics of a new aroma-type hop must closely match the variety it is intended to replace while showing improved adaptation and agronomic traits. Since triploid offspring should more closely resemble the tetraploid parent from which they receive two-thirds of their genetic material, breeders have traditionally selected known varieties to be the tetraploid parent with the expectation this will increase the likelihood of obtaining progeny with similar brewing chemistry. Tetraploid female parents are obtained through colchicine treatment of desirable diploid varieties. Naturally occurring tetraploid seedlings, sometimes found among the offspring of tetraploid by diploid crosses, if suitable for breeding, could eliminate the tedious colchicine treatment process now used to obtain tetraploids. Two such tetraploid males were obtained from an Oregon cross in 1983. Since these two tetraploid males had attractive quality traits similar to other males in the USDA germplasm collection with a proven history of producing aroma-type progeny, they were thought to be suitable for use in a polyploid breeding program for aroma hops. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of using males as tetraploid parents in diploid by tetraploid crosses to obtain triploid aroma hops. Tettnanger, a prized German aroma hop, was used as the diploid female parent for these crosses. Meiotic cells of the two tetraploid males showed some abnormalities at anaphase I and the quartet stage; however, fertility, as determined from seed production and germination, was adequate for breeding. Of 185 seedlings obtained, 57 were triploid females. The diploid by tetraploid seedling population had a higher percentage of males than previously reported for tetraploid by diploid crosses. One tetraploid male produced no triploid female offspring. Seed content of the female triploid seedlings when subjected to a heavy pollen load averaged 2.4% compared to 20.1% for diploid seedlings from Tettnanger crosses. Triploid progeny produced higher average yield than the Tettnanger parent. The two tetraploid males and Tettnanger were very similar in chemical quality traits comparable in male and female hops. Comparison among triploid and diploid progeny from diploid by tetraploid crosses and diploid open-pollinated Tettnanger seedlings demonstrated that the male parent influenced the a ratio, cohumulone content, and humulene to caryophyllene ratio of the offspring. Many of the female triploid offspring genotypes showed chemical quality traits similar to those of Tettnanger. / Graduation date: 1995

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, 1982. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-130).

The German hop Hallertauer, hallertauer is highly valued because of its "noble aroma", but it has a very low yield when cultivated in the U.S. Two new crosses of Hallertauer, U.S.D.A. 21455 and 21459, have high yields and promising aroma characteristics. In order to predict sensory properties of beers as a function of the varieties of hop used in brewing, a more complete sensory and chemical characterization of hop oils is necessary. The aims of this study were to compare the aroma profiles of the new crosses against the German variety by determining their most important odor active compounds, and correlating the sensory attributes evaluated by a descriptive sensory panel (DSP) with the odor intensities detected during the gas chromatograph (GC) effluent detected during the gas chromatograph (GC) effluent sniffing. Oxygenated fractions were spiked into spring water and evaluated by the DSP. The same samples were injected into the GC and the effluents were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively by four subjects using a special data collection device. Samples were then analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS). There were no significant differences among the three varieties based upon the DSP results and the "aromagrams" obtained during the sniffing of the GC effluents. Important odor active peaks were associated with humulene oxidation products. A number of statistical correlations existed between the sensory attributes and the odor active peaks. In summary, the new varieties are potential contributors to "noble aroma". Trials with beers brewed with these hops are underway in order to establish their contribution to beer flavor. / Graduation date: 1990

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2005. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2008. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.

Reported here is an investigation to determine the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of xanthohumol (XN). XN is the major prenylated flavonoid of the female inflorescences (cones) of the hop plant (Humulus lupulus). It is also a constituent of beer, the major dietary source of prenylated flavonoids. Recent studies have suggested that XN may have potential cancer chemopreventive activity but little is known about its metabolism. We investigated the in vitro metabolism of XN by rat and human liver microsomes, and cDNA-expressed cytochrome P450s, and the in vivo metabolism of XN by rats. The metabolites and conjugates were identified by using high-pressure liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The antioxidant properties of two metabolites and two glucuronides were examined. The possible risk of XN consumption from beer or dietary supplements is discussed. The involvement of metabolites of XN in cancer chemoprevention remains to be established. / Graduation date: 2001

Graduation date: 1999

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2007. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-72). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Der Austausch von Proteinen und Lipiden zwischen den Organellen des Endomembransystems wird über einen gerichteten Transport von Vesikeln gewährleistet. Für die spezifische Fusion der Transportvesikel mit der Akzeptormembran sind Tethering-Faktoren, Rab-GTPasen und SNARE-Proteine verantwortlich. Die Zusammenlagerung der membranassoziierten SNAREs zu einem Bündel aus vier α-Helices leitet die Verschmelzung der Membranen ein. Obwohl jedes Kompartiment des Endomembransystems eine spezifische SNARE-Ausstattung besitzt, benötigen SNAREs zusätzliche Faktoren, um selektiv zu assemblieren. Diese Aufgabe wird von Tethering-Faktoren, SM-Proteinen und Rab-GTPasen übernommen. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae ist der hexamere HOPS als Tethering-Komplex zusammen mit den SNAREs Vam3, Vam7, Vti1, Nyv1 und Ykt6 an der Fusion mit der Vakuole beteiligt. Der Fokus dieser Arbeit lag auf der Chakterisierung der Wechselwirkung zwischen HOPS und SNAREs und der Analyse der Bedeutung dieser Bindungen für die Fusion mit der Vakuole.