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Three studies were conducted to determine the effects of music and the Somatron, a vibro-tactile acoustic couch, on the physiological and speech responses of head injured and comatose subjects. Each study involved a single subject design with the subjects serving as their own controls. / In Study 1 six subjects with head injuries participated in daily relaxation sessions with alternating treatment conditions of music listening, music with the Somatron, and no music. / One comatose male served as a subject for Study 2. The subject participated in daily sensory sessions involving two music tapes and the alternate use of the Somatron over a period of 52 days. / Two female subjects with expressive speech impairments served as subjects for Study 3. The subjects participated in daily speech therapy sessions involving music and speech rehearsal formats. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.) / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 28-04, page: 0489. / Thesis (M.M.)--The Florida State University, 1989.

acase@tulane.edu

Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Infant Sleep-Related Deaths

<p> There is a great deal of concern regarding the levels of physical inactivity in people with disability, which is more prevalent than in the general population. Inactivity in individuals with disabilities can lead to higher rates of chronic diseases and obesity and vice versa. Moreover, disability is increasing in middle-aged adults while decreasing among older adults. This purpose of this dissertation was to: 1) evaluate the prevalence of disability across the lifespan, 2) to examine the relationships between disability (DA), physical activity (PA), and factors associated with them, and 3) to look at the trends in these factors to understand the patterns occurring in middle-aged adults compared with older adults.</p><p> Data analyzed for this dissertation were collected as part of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) conducted between 2003 and 2011. Measures included DA, PA, chronic diseases, sociodemographics, health risk behaviors, and health status.</p><p> In our first study, we found that respondents categorized as disabled or functionally limited reported less PA, more chronic diseases, and poorer health behaviors than those categorized as able bodied. There was a higher prevalence of DA in the middle-aged and older adults compared to younger adults. Individuals with lower incomes and those with chronic diseases were more likely to be classified as having a disability compared to individuals with higher incomes and individuals without chronic disease. Our second study showed that middle-aged people were less likely to meet physical activity recommendations compared with older adults. Having a DA and being in poor health were strongly associated with not meeting the PA recommendations. In our third study, we found all the age groups showed an increase in functional limitation and DA over time. Further, among all age groups there was an increase in meeting aerobic recommendations over time. Our studies showed that DA and functional limitation are strongly associated with unhealthy behaviors and chronic diseases and poorer health. Moreover, middle-aged and older adults showed similar results in DA and PA recommendations. Given that physical inactivity has the potential to reduce disability, prevent chronic disease and enhance health, greater public health attention to what is warranted.</p>

This thesis is about the content and concerns of each of four disciplines pertaining to the field of bioethics: medicine, philosophy, religion and law. Emphasis is put on the human values each reflects in patients' lives. A last chapter is dedicated to patients' narrative in order to bring a practical perspective to the discussions of the previous chapters. The four essential human values interconnecting among the four disciplines are: the patients' need for authority, the need for protection, the existential questioning about the meaning of life, and the fear of death.

Two rabbit and three guinea pig corticostatic (anti-adrenocorticotrophic) peptides were isolated from bone marrow cells and identified. The third guinea pig peptide proved to be a novel 13-member anti-parallel dimer. Removal of the two C-terminal arginines from rabbit corticostatin 1 lowered the biologic activity but removal of the two N-terminal arginines from the guinea pig peptides was without effect. Immunocytochemical localization of rabbit corticostatin 1 in the rabbit indicated that it was localized in immune tissues such as spleen and bone marrow but also in non-immune tissues such as lung, placenta, adrenal, anterior pituitary and various parts of the brain, Rabbit corticostatin 1 was measured in maternal and fetal tissues and in blood at 24, 27 and 30 days of pregnancy in the rabbit and marked changes were noted with increasing gestation, Rabbit corticostatin 1 did not inhibit the action of angiotensin II or Atrial Natriuretic Peptide but it did inhibit $ alpha$-Melanotrophic Stimulating Hormone binding to specific zona glomerulosa receptors.

<p> The purpose of this study was to evaluate energy expenditure (EE) during powered exoskeleton&ndash;assisted walking in persons with paraplegia. Five male participants with paraplegia, aged 37&ndash;61 years, were recruited for this study. Able&ndash;bodied (AB) subjects were matched for height (&plusmn;12.7 cm) weight (&plusmn;6.8 kgs) and age (&plusmn;5 yrs) were recruited to serve as a control group. EE measurements were obtained for 6 minutes while: seated, standing, walking, and seated recovery for three trials (Pre, Mid, Post) over 60 sessions. A portable metabolic cart was used to obtain all metabolic measurements. The results from this study suggest that over the course of 60 sessions, powered exoskeletal&ndash;assisted walking can: significantly improve an individual's oxygen consumption (p=0.04), significantly decrease RPE (p&lt;0.001), and significantly increase the distance traveled per 6MWT (p=0.02). These improvements may potentially further enhance the quality of life of persons with paraplegia. </p>