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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Use of special health care services by infants born extremely prematurely in the province of Quebec

Luu, Thuy-Mai. January 2008 (has links)
To compare health care use from neonatal discharge to 18 months corrected age of two groups of extremely preterm children (< 26 vs. 26-29 weeks of gestation), we used a province-wide database containing neonatal and follow-up data on 254 infants (77% of survivors) born at < 29 weeks of gestation and cared for at 3/6 neonatal units in Quebec in 2003-2004. Neonatal data were abstracted from medical records by trained personnel. At 18 months corrected age, neurodevelopmental status was assessed by psychologists and paediatricians. Data on health care use were collected from charts and parent interviews. Descriptive statistics are provided and logistic regression analysis was carried out to evaluate perinatal and social determinants of re-hospitalization and frequent use of health services resources. Results show that 57% of infants born at < 26 weeks (n=49) and 49% of those born at 26-29 weeks (n=205) were re-hospitalized, mostly for respiratory illness. Both groups used a significant amount of health resources: 61% vs. 59%, respectively, received physical or occupational therapy, 29% vs. 17%, respectively, required long-term rehabilitation, 38% vs. 28%, respectively, used prescribed medication, and 59% vs. 33%, respectively, required home medical equipment (home oxygen, apnea monitors, orthopaedic devices and visual aids). Risk of re-hospitalization was associated with severe brain injury, use of an apnea monitor, and older age at neonatal discharge. Multiple birth, severe brain injury, suspected neonatal sepsis, and single-parent household were independently associated with the risk of using health care services above average. These results highlight the importance of resource allocation to preterm infants for medical and rehabilitation services after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit.
32

Utilização de serviços de saúde por comunidades em vulnerabilidade social em uma capital do sul do Brasil

Bastos, Gisele Alsina Nader January 2011 (has links)
Contexto: O diagnóstico de saúde de comunidades é fundamental para que os serviços de saúde possam ser implementados de acordo com as necessidades das mesmas, além de auxiliar sobremaneira no monitoramento e no planejamento de novas intervenções. No Brasil, poucos são os serviços que realizam diagnósticos de saúde antes de sua implementação, sendo que na maioria das vezes o monitoramento e a reorganização dos serviços são feitos somente através de diagnósticos de demanda. Objetivos: Descrever a metodologia empregada em um Diagnóstico de Saúde realizado em uma comunidade vulnerável e avaliar as necessidades em saúde dessa comunidade através do uso de serviços, bem como seus fatores associados. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base populacional cuja amostra foi constituída por indivíduos adultos com 20 anos ou mais, moradores dos Distritos Sanitários da Restinga e Extremo Sul da cidade de Porto Alegre–RS. A amostragem foi do tipo sistemática com probabilidade proporcional ao tamanho do setor censitário. Inicialmente, foi contado o número de domicílios habitados existentes na região e, a partir de então, foram amostrados os 1.750 domicílios que constituíram a amostra. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de junho a dezembro de 2009 através da aplicação de questionários por entrevistadores submetidos a treinamento de 80 horas. Os dados foram digitalizados no software Office Remark e analisados no programa Stata. Resultados: Do total dos 3.699 adultos elegíveis, encontrados nos 1.750 domicílios amostrados, 3.391 aceitaram participar do estudo. A prevalência de internação hospitalar no último ano foi de 11,1% (IC95% 10,1; 12,2). Destas, 24,5% (IC95% 20,1; 28,9) foram internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária à saúde (CSAPS) Na análise ajustada permaneceram significativas as associações de internação hospitalar com o aumento da idade (p<0,001), ser viúvo (p=0,04), possuir IMC maior do que 30 (p=0,01), ter autopercepção de saúde regular ou ruim/muito ruim (p<0,001), possuir morbidades crônicas (p=0,003), ter consultado nos três meses que precederam a entrevista (p=0,003) e consultar em ambulatórios públicos de atenção secundária (p=0,002). A prevalência de consulta médica no último ano e nos últimos três meses foi de 76,2% (IC95% 74,8; 77,6) e 64,8% (IC95% 63,0; 66,7), respectivamente. Entre os homens, a prevalência de consulta nos últimos três meses foi de 60,2% (IC95% 57,1; 63,2) e entre as mulheres esse valor foi de 67,8% (IC95% 65,5; 70,1) (p<0,001). Na análise ajustada, entre os homens, ter consultado nos últimos três meses associou-se de forma positiva com o aumento da idade, ter autopercepção de saúde ruim/muito ruim, possuir médico de referência e morbidades crônicas, consultar em locais conveniados e ter sido hospitalizado no último ano. Na análise ajustada, entre as mulheres, evidenciouse associação de consulta com o aumento da idade, ser de cor da pele branca, autoperceber a saúde como regular, pertencer às classes sociais A/B, possuir menor escolaridade, médico de referência e morbidades crônicas, consultar em locais conveniados ou ambulatórios e ter internado no último ano. Conclusões: A descrição da metodologia empregada no Diagnóstico de Saúde poderá servir de ferramenta para o planejamento de redes de serviços de saúde coordenadas pela Atenção Primária de acordo as necessidades locais, tanto em outras regiões do Brasil quanto em outros países em desenvolvimento. Os resultados relacionados à utilização dos serviços de saúde — consultas e internações — permitirão o planejamento de uma rede integrada de serviços focada nos principais preditores de consumo de serviços. / Background: The community health diagnosis is essential so that health services can be implemented according to the needs of the community, and also it can greatly help on monitoring and planning new interventions. In Brazil, there are few services that perform community health diagnosis before its implementation, and most of the time the monitoring and the reorganization of services are made only through demand diagnostics. Objectives: To describe the methodology employed in a health diagnosis performed in a vulnerable community and assess the health needs of this community through the use of services as well as the associated factors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional population-based study with a sample of adults aged 20 years or more living in two health districts, Restinga and Extremo Sul, of Porto Alegre. The sampling was systematic with probability proportional to size of census tracts. Initially, we counted the number of dwellings in the region and then we sampled 1.750 households. Data collection was carried out between June and December 2009. Questionnaires were applied by interviewers who underwent training for 80 hours. The data were scanned in the Office Remark software and analyzed using Stata program. Results: Out of 3.699 eligible adults, found in 1.750 households, 3.391 accepted to participate of the study. The prevalence of hospitalizations in the previous year was 11.1% (95% CI 10.1, 12.2), out of these 24.5% (95% CI 20.1, 28.9) were hospitalizations for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSC). In the adjusted analysis remained significant associations of hospitalization with increasing age (p <0.001), being widowed (p = 0.04), having a BMI greater than 30 (p = 0.01), having regular health perception or poor / very poor (p <0.001), have chronic morbidities (p = 14 0.003) having consulted the 3 months preceding the interview (p = 0.003) and consult in clinics (p = 0.002). The prevalence of medical consultation in the last year and the last three months was 76.2% (95% CI 74.8, 77.6) and 64.8% (95% CI 63.0, 66.7), respectively. Among men the prevalence of consultations in the last three months was 60.2% (95% CI 57.1, 63.2) and among women this figure was 67.8% (95% CI 65.5, 70.1 ) (p <0.001). In the adjusted analysis, among men, have consulted over the past 3 months was associated positively with increasing age, having self-perception of health as bad / very bad, have medical reference and chronic morbidities, consult local plan systems and have been hospitalized in the last year. In the adjusted analysis, among women, have consulted over the past three months was associated with increasing age, being of white skin color, self perceive health as fair, belonging to social classes A/B, have less education, medical reference and chronic morbidities, consult with local clinics and have agreed or admitted last year. Conclusions: The description of the methodology employed in this Health Diagnosis may serve as a tool for network planning of health services coordinated by the Primary Health Care and according to local needs, even in other regions of Brazil and others developing countries. The results related to the use of health services - consultations and hospitalizations - allow the planning of an integrated network of services focused on the main predictors of service consumption.
33

Desigualdades na utilização de serviços odontológicos: posição e tomadas de posição no espaço social

Cruz, Denise Nogueira 24 April 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-07-14T18:15:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE. DENISE NOGUEIRA.2015.pdf: 1799667 bytes, checksum: 23aa1846e24da3c3ae291bc6856986dd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-07-14T20:45:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE. DENISE NOGUEIRA.2015.pdf: 1799667 bytes, checksum: 23aa1846e24da3c3ae291bc6856986dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-14T20:45:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE. DENISE NOGUEIRA.2015.pdf: 1799667 bytes, checksum: 23aa1846e24da3c3ae291bc6856986dd (MD5) / Este estudo, fundamentando-se na teoria das práticas sociais de Pierre Bourdieu, analisou o uso dos serviços odontológicos e as desigualdades na sua utilização entre agentes que ocupavam diferentes posições no espaço social. Procurou identificar ainda como o habitus, os diferentes capitais e a trajetória social engendram a escolha dos agentes em relação ao prestador e tipo de serviço que é utilizado. Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado em um município baiano com 100% de cobertura da estratégia saúde da família. Foram realizadas 39 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com cirurgiões-dentistas do subespaço público e privado e usuários de diferentes estratos sociais. O presente estudo evidenciou que a utilização dos serviços odontológicos ocorre desigualmente entre os estratos sociais em função da posição ocupada pelos agentes no espaço social. Os resultados apontam que o gosto, como expressão do habitus de classe, das camadas populares esteve associado a procedimentos mutiladores e o gosto de luxo dos estratos sociais mais elevados aos procedimentos estéticos. Também, o uso dos serviços privados parece indicar uma prática distintiva entre os agentes. A escolha por serviços públicos ou privados foi vinculada às condições de possibilidade dos agentes e o capital social revelou-se como categoria importante para explicar a inculcação das práticas de cuidado de saúde bucal. O encontro de disposições distintas dos usuários e profissionais, no momento da utilização dos serviços, apontou barreiras linguísticas resultado das diferentes visões do mundo social. Esta investigação indica possibilidades de uso da teoria das práticas sociais nos estudos de saúde bucal e apresenta perspectivas para articulação dos conceitos de habitus e espaço social com o modelo explicativo de utilização dos serviços de saúde de Andersen. Recomenda-se a realização de estudos que explorem melhor a inserção do cirurgião-dentista nos sub-espaços público e privado e suas implicações na prática profissional. As estratégias para o enfrentamento das desigualdades observadas são de outra natureza, como aquelas estruturais e no campo da luta política e não apenas da organização da rede de serviços de saúde.
34

Utilização de serviços de saúde por comunidades em vulnerabilidade social em uma capital do sul do Brasil

Bastos, Gisele Alsina Nader January 2011 (has links)
Contexto: O diagnóstico de saúde de comunidades é fundamental para que os serviços de saúde possam ser implementados de acordo com as necessidades das mesmas, além de auxiliar sobremaneira no monitoramento e no planejamento de novas intervenções. No Brasil, poucos são os serviços que realizam diagnósticos de saúde antes de sua implementação, sendo que na maioria das vezes o monitoramento e a reorganização dos serviços são feitos somente através de diagnósticos de demanda. Objetivos: Descrever a metodologia empregada em um Diagnóstico de Saúde realizado em uma comunidade vulnerável e avaliar as necessidades em saúde dessa comunidade através do uso de serviços, bem como seus fatores associados. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base populacional cuja amostra foi constituída por indivíduos adultos com 20 anos ou mais, moradores dos Distritos Sanitários da Restinga e Extremo Sul da cidade de Porto Alegre–RS. A amostragem foi do tipo sistemática com probabilidade proporcional ao tamanho do setor censitário. Inicialmente, foi contado o número de domicílios habitados existentes na região e, a partir de então, foram amostrados os 1.750 domicílios que constituíram a amostra. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de junho a dezembro de 2009 através da aplicação de questionários por entrevistadores submetidos a treinamento de 80 horas. Os dados foram digitalizados no software Office Remark e analisados no programa Stata. Resultados: Do total dos 3.699 adultos elegíveis, encontrados nos 1.750 domicílios amostrados, 3.391 aceitaram participar do estudo. A prevalência de internação hospitalar no último ano foi de 11,1% (IC95% 10,1; 12,2). Destas, 24,5% (IC95% 20,1; 28,9) foram internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária à saúde (CSAPS) Na análise ajustada permaneceram significativas as associações de internação hospitalar com o aumento da idade (p<0,001), ser viúvo (p=0,04), possuir IMC maior do que 30 (p=0,01), ter autopercepção de saúde regular ou ruim/muito ruim (p<0,001), possuir morbidades crônicas (p=0,003), ter consultado nos três meses que precederam a entrevista (p=0,003) e consultar em ambulatórios públicos de atenção secundária (p=0,002). A prevalência de consulta médica no último ano e nos últimos três meses foi de 76,2% (IC95% 74,8; 77,6) e 64,8% (IC95% 63,0; 66,7), respectivamente. Entre os homens, a prevalência de consulta nos últimos três meses foi de 60,2% (IC95% 57,1; 63,2) e entre as mulheres esse valor foi de 67,8% (IC95% 65,5; 70,1) (p<0,001). Na análise ajustada, entre os homens, ter consultado nos últimos três meses associou-se de forma positiva com o aumento da idade, ter autopercepção de saúde ruim/muito ruim, possuir médico de referência e morbidades crônicas, consultar em locais conveniados e ter sido hospitalizado no último ano. Na análise ajustada, entre as mulheres, evidenciouse associação de consulta com o aumento da idade, ser de cor da pele branca, autoperceber a saúde como regular, pertencer às classes sociais A/B, possuir menor escolaridade, médico de referência e morbidades crônicas, consultar em locais conveniados ou ambulatórios e ter internado no último ano. Conclusões: A descrição da metodologia empregada no Diagnóstico de Saúde poderá servir de ferramenta para o planejamento de redes de serviços de saúde coordenadas pela Atenção Primária de acordo as necessidades locais, tanto em outras regiões do Brasil quanto em outros países em desenvolvimento. Os resultados relacionados à utilização dos serviços de saúde — consultas e internações — permitirão o planejamento de uma rede integrada de serviços focada nos principais preditores de consumo de serviços. / Background: The community health diagnosis is essential so that health services can be implemented according to the needs of the community, and also it can greatly help on monitoring and planning new interventions. In Brazil, there are few services that perform community health diagnosis before its implementation, and most of the time the monitoring and the reorganization of services are made only through demand diagnostics. Objectives: To describe the methodology employed in a health diagnosis performed in a vulnerable community and assess the health needs of this community through the use of services as well as the associated factors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional population-based study with a sample of adults aged 20 years or more living in two health districts, Restinga and Extremo Sul, of Porto Alegre. The sampling was systematic with probability proportional to size of census tracts. Initially, we counted the number of dwellings in the region and then we sampled 1.750 households. Data collection was carried out between June and December 2009. Questionnaires were applied by interviewers who underwent training for 80 hours. The data were scanned in the Office Remark software and analyzed using Stata program. Results: Out of 3.699 eligible adults, found in 1.750 households, 3.391 accepted to participate of the study. The prevalence of hospitalizations in the previous year was 11.1% (95% CI 10.1, 12.2), out of these 24.5% (95% CI 20.1, 28.9) were hospitalizations for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSC). In the adjusted analysis remained significant associations of hospitalization with increasing age (p <0.001), being widowed (p = 0.04), having a BMI greater than 30 (p = 0.01), having regular health perception or poor / very poor (p <0.001), have chronic morbidities (p = 14 0.003) having consulted the 3 months preceding the interview (p = 0.003) and consult in clinics (p = 0.002). The prevalence of medical consultation in the last year and the last three months was 76.2% (95% CI 74.8, 77.6) and 64.8% (95% CI 63.0, 66.7), respectively. Among men the prevalence of consultations in the last three months was 60.2% (95% CI 57.1, 63.2) and among women this figure was 67.8% (95% CI 65.5, 70.1 ) (p <0.001). In the adjusted analysis, among men, have consulted over the past 3 months was associated positively with increasing age, having self-perception of health as bad / very bad, have medical reference and chronic morbidities, consult local plan systems and have been hospitalized in the last year. In the adjusted analysis, among women, have consulted over the past three months was associated with increasing age, being of white skin color, self perceive health as fair, belonging to social classes A/B, have less education, medical reference and chronic morbidities, consult with local clinics and have agreed or admitted last year. Conclusions: The description of the methodology employed in this Health Diagnosis may serve as a tool for network planning of health services coordinated by the Primary Health Care and according to local needs, even in other regions of Brazil and others developing countries. The results related to the use of health services - consultations and hospitalizations - allow the planning of an integrated network of services focused on the main predictors of service consumption.
35

Contingency Contracting Effects on Psychotherapy Attendance and Termination at Two Community Mental Health Centers

Adams, Joe B. (Joe Bayless), 1949- 05 1900 (has links)
Contingency management has been utilized to improve treatment compliance and attendance in a medical setting. A related question involves the effect of contingency management on attendance in outpatient psychotherapy. Sixty-nine individuals ranging in age from 8 to 50 years agreed to participate in such a study. These individuals agreed to sign a contract specifying consequation for failure to notify the centers 24 hours in advance of an impending absence. Data on attendance and notification of impending absences were collected weekly for five sessions. After five sessions, dropouts and remainers were interviewed and the course of treatment was discussed. For the purpose of this study, a "dropout" occurred whenever an individual terminated therapy by missing an appointment and not rescheduling, or whenever an individual missed three consecutive appointments.
36

Perceived need, utilization, and barriers to utilization of treatment among adults with substance use disorder in the United States

Jeon, Sae-Mi 21 December 2020 (has links)
OBJECTIVE: Substance use disorders (SUD) affect approximately 19.3 million adults in the United States. Of adults with SUDs, only 5% perceive the need for SUD treatment and 10% utilize specialty SUD treatment. The literature evidences racial disparities in utilization of SUD treatment yet presents mixed outcomes regarding race/ethnicity (i.e., White, Latinx, and Black/African-American) and gender (i.e., male, female) differences in perceived need for SUD treatment, specialty SUD treatment utilization, and barriers to SUD treatment. In addition, interaction with healthcare systems for chronic medical conditions like diabetes or hypertension may facilitate connection to SUD treatments for individuals with co-occurring SUD and chronic medical conditions, but little research exists that explores this potential facilitator. This dissertation addresses the following questions, with a focus on race/ethnicity and gender, and their interaction: 1.) What characteristics are associated with perceiving a need for SUD treatment among adults with SUD? 2.) What are the characteristics of adults who do not engage in specialty SUD treatment among those who perceived a need for SUD treatment? What were the most commonly reported barriers to specialty SUD treatment? and 3.) Is receipt of a chronic medical condition diagnosis among individuals with SUD associated with a greater likelihood of specialty SUD treatment utilization? METHODS: This study uses data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) from years 2005 through 2017. Simple and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted and interactions were tested using multiplicative terms with race/ethnicity and gender. Analyses adjusted for weights to account for the survey’s complex sampling design. RESULTS: No significant racial/ethnic or gender differences were found in association with perceived need for SUD treatment. Among adults who perceived the need for SUD treatment, less than 20% in any racial/ethnic category utilized specialty SUD treatment services. Black/African-American adults, compared to White, were more likely to utilize specialty SUD treatment and less likely to name stigma as a barrier to treatment. Black/African-American adults with co-occurring chronic medical conditions and SUD were more likely to perceive a need for SUD treatment, but similarly likely to utilize specialty SUD treatment in comparison to White adults. Women and men did not significantly differ on perceived need for SUD treatment, utilization, or barriers. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in SUD treatment utilization patterns exist in association with race/ethnicity, though not with gender. Study findings suggest the presence of specialty SUD treatment utilization disparities, with stigma contributing to lower utilization for Whites compared to Blacks/African-Americans. Higher rates of treatment utilization among Blacks/African-Americans may reflect the presence of strengths uniquely attributed to this group.
37

Use of special health care services by infants born extremely prematurely in the province of Quebec

Luu, Thuy-Mai. January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
38

Incidence of Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequelae and Predictors for Post-COVID Infection Health Care Utilization in an Integrated Health System Patient Population

Oravec, Michael J. 26 July 2023 (has links)
No description available.
39

Nurse practitioner clinic utilization by elderly women.

Mechling, Eileen. January 1994 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to explore the utilization patterns of elderly women in a nurse managed clinic (NMC). A convenience sample of 20 women, 65 and older, attending an NMC completed an questionnaire and an interview. A pilot study guided the development of the questionnaire. Interrater reliability was performed to enhance the reliability of the pattern categories developed from the interviews. The findings of this research were that elderly women utilized this NMC for: physical assessment and monitoring; health care information; evaluating a physical need; referral; emotional support; socialization; convenience; cost; familiarity/comfort; health care need; and reliability. Satisfaction was the main component of the clients' perception of their visit to the NMC. Conclusions reached were that utilization of this NMC was based mainly on perceptions of health care needs and that cost, convenience, and familiarity influenced clients in choosing this clinic in addition to their primary care provider.
40

CLIENT DEMOGRAPHICS AND FEE PAYMENT IN A PREDOMINANTLY MINORITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTER.

Sanchez, Phyllis Nancy, 1957- January 1985 (has links)
No description available.

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