Planifier, au sens large du terme, consiste à déterminer quoi faire et comment le faire pour atteindre des objectifs fixés. Jusqu'à présent ces deux questions ont été étudiées de manière relativement indépendante : la question du quoi faire par la synthèse de plans d'actions, celle du comment le faire par la gestion de ressources. <br />Cette thèse vise à intégrer les deux problématiques dans un même système de planification au sens large, nommé IXTET, qui offre une représentation riche et homogène supportée par une algorithmique saine et complète permettant de mener de front les processus de synthèse de plans et de gestion de ressources.<br />Au niveau de la représentation, IXTET permet d'exprimer des contraintes temporelles symboliques et numériques, une large gamme de ressources (partageables ou non, consommables, productibles), des opérateurs de planification complexes et des environnements pouvant avoir une dynamique indépendante des actions planifiées.<br />En cours de résolution, le plan partiel courant est analysé et représenté sous la forme d'un ensemble de défauts sous-buts pendants, menaces sur une protection et conflit de ressources – auxquels sont associés des résolvantes - contraintes temporelles, contraintes sur les variables atemporelles, insertion d'un lien causal ou d'une tâche. Le développement de l'arbre de recherche s'effectue alors par l'insertion de résolvantes pour résoudre les défauts du plan courant. L'algorithme original de détection des conflits de ressource est basé sur la recherche de cliques particulières sur un graphe d'intersections possibles. Les choix non-déterministes – prochain défaut à résoudre, résolvante à insérer – sont justifiés par une stratégie de moindre engagement et d'opportunisme de la recherche. Afin de structurer la recherche pour en améliorer les performances, une approche hiérarchique est développée. Un ordre partiel définissant un ensemble de hiérarchies d'abstraction est automatiquement généré à partir de la description syntaxique des tâches. Cet ordre partiel est ensuite utilisé, en cours de planification, pour remettre à jour dynamiquement le niveau d'abstraction courant.<br />L'approche IXTET, codée en C++, a été confrontée à de nombreux domaines qui ont permis de la valider, de caractériser ses points forts et de dégager des perspectives de recherche prometteuses.

Diss--Teilw. zugl.: Johns Hopkins Univ. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-119) and index.

The main task of the diploma thesis was to design the area of housing estate from the second half of the 20th century. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first theoretic part has two other chapters, when first of them deals with problems of collective housing of the mentioned period. There is a more detailed description of the main factors, which brought an intensive housing development, then description of the key concepts for a correct orientation in the mentioned field and also specifics which are related to living in housing estates in general. The second chapter brings summary of many examples of designing the housing in Czech Republic as well as abroad, which illustrates various principles for solutions of other housing estates. The second part of the diploma thesis contains more detailed analysis of the chosen model area. All of the required analysis was done in a broad range to understand every single relation in the particular area. On the basis of this definition improvement proposals were defined for the design of the urban area of housing estate in Bohunice. The last part contains principles how to design particular problems and threats in the chosen model area. Some principles could be used in the process of designing of the similar types of housing estates. The diploma thesis elaborates the particular parts of the different function and social importance, however together make an united urban district. Main central square, park and two housing units were designed in detail.

This pastoral theological work is focused on clarification of the identity of deacon service and the permanent deacons' placement in the Czech and Moravian parishes, regarding to the Catholic Church at the beginning of the 21st century. The starting point of this work is the historical development of the diaconate and its theological reflection. The current situation of the Czech Particular Churches is, with all the respect, very specific and not sufficiently described yet. That is why I've partly focused on the empirical research (2011 and 2012) where I was searching for answers to the fundamental questions concerning the identity of the diaconate as a connection to the historical and theological part of my work. The target group of respondents was consisted of parishioners, priests, bishops, and deacons who had been active in parish pastoral work. The empirical research has revealed some positive and negative aspects associated with this sacramental service and helped to suggest some changes to the pastoral involvement of the permanent deacons in the Czech Republic. As a result of this research, the deacon service is truly an important part of the sacramental life in the Church and it is indispensable. However, concerning its true identity, surely it is more than important to seek and create specific space for the role of permanent deacons in such a way that their positions don't play only a vicarious role, as we experience these days. The theses that have come out of this work might help partialy to solve this problem.

The diploma thesis concerns with the waste hierarchy in respect to the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). The subject-matter of this thesis is to analyze the legal regulations set forth in both EU and Czech law. The main acts are Directive 2012/19/EU on waste electrical and electronic equipment and the Waste Act No. 185/2001 Coll. The crucial parts of this thesis are the part 3 and 4 focusing on the legal regulation of persons and entities which shall procure the management of WEEE and on life-cycle of the electrical and electronic equipment.

Traditionelle Krankenhaushierarchie und Ökonomisierungsdruck, aber auch Unkenntnis über berufsrechtliche Grundlagen des Arztberufs beeinflussen die Therapiefreiheit des einzelnen Arztes. Die gesetzlich und berufsständisch normierte ärztliche Tätigkeit als freier Beruf erfordert vom einzelnen Arzt, medizinische Entscheidungen nicht einfach zu befolgen, sondern seiner Qualifikation gemäß zu überprüfen. Das Weisungsrecht vorgesetzter Ärzte und die Pflicht nachgeordneter Ärzte, Weisungen zu befolgen, finden ihre Grenzen in den Rechtsnormen, die das Prinzip des freien Berufs setzt. Unkritisches Befolgen von Anweisungen kann auch für nachgeordnete Ärzte straf-, zivil- und berufsrechtliche Folgen haben. Die vorliegende Studie legt dar, in welcher Weise auch der Krankenhausarzt einen freien Beruf ausübt. Und weiter, welchen Stellenwert die Therapiefreiheit als Kern dieser Berufsfreiheit für die verschiedenen etablierten Hierarchiestufen des ärztlichen Dienstes hat. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, ob und inwiefern die traditionelle hierarchische Struktur des ärztlichen Dienstes in deutschen Krankenhäusern mit dem Berufsrecht vereinbar ist.

The main topic of the thesis Breaking Free from the Dominance and Establishing Independent Policy: The Analysis of Saudi-Qatari Relations and its Implications on the Region of the Persian Gulf is a thorough analysis of the historical developments of bilateral relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the State of Qatar. This hierarchical relationship between the two states is analysed according to the theories of alliance formation, MENA foreign policy analyses and international hierarchy. The aim of the thesis is to ascertain how Qatar was able to break free from the subordinate position within the hierarchical relationship with Saudi Arabia. Contrary to other existing research within the field which explains the end of subordination mostly with the crisis in the dominant state, the present thesis addresses other possible factors in the subordinate state that ultimately cause the evasion of the subordination with particular emphasis on the case study in question. The thesis proposes a classification of several distinct eras in Saudi - Qatari relations and verifies them against the theories described above. The thesis' findings support the hypothesis that subordinate states can evade the subordination without a crisis in the dominant, but only in a very specific set of circumstances, which...

One of the main reasons for protein clustering is prediction of structure, function and evolution. Many of current tools have disadvantage of high computational complexity due to all-to-all sequence alignment. If any tool works faster, it does not reach accuracy as other tools. Further disadvantage is processing on higher rate of similarity but homologous proteins can be similar with less identity. The process of clustering often ends when reach the condition which does not reflect sufficient quality of clusters. Master's thesis describes the design and implementation of new tool for clustering of protein sequences. New tool should not be computationally demanding but it should preserve required accuracy and produce better clusters. The thesis also describes testing of designed tool, evaluation of results and possibilities of its further development.

Diploma thesis generally compares individual success pigeons in spatial tasks of varying complexity (in a role that requires abstraction of visual stimuli representing spatial relationships on the touch screen using two different strategies and spatial search task the middle plate of a series of plates with different variants of location) with hierarchical status of males and group females. Specifically thesis compares individual success pigeons in spatial tasks of varying complexity. The hardest task requires a certain level of abstraction of visual stimuli representing spatial relationships using experimentally induced two strategies: mapping strategy or specific symbol association with a position in space. The role tests on the touch screen with the help of operant conditionings. Difficulty in various stages of growing, the last stage role does manage only some individuals. Conversely easier task in real space with a bird tasked with finding the midpoint between objects in different variants locations within the arena. The difficulty of the task is not growing, and it can solve some individuals who have not learned operant conditioning if the previous job. Performance in cognitive tasks could be affected by the hierarchical status of the animal in the group. Pigeons position in the hierarchy has...

Baton twirling is a sport industry with a specific fan base. The fan community typically consists of parents and supporting friends of the baton twirling children. Baton twirling represents a significant socializing environment for both children and their enthusiastic parents and friends - fans. The social status and the role of fans within this community are subject to a symbolic capital in the form of experience and knowledge of "how-to-do-it". During the training and competition period, the hierarchy is changing within the group of fans that were monitored, which provides the community members with either a dominant or, alternate, subordinate position. The changing of the "leaders" in the role of the fans' base brings along high emotions and usually also short-term conflicts in social interactions. In other situations, a hierarchy is not created and the group members perceive each other as equal and support each other in the achievement of their common goal. The researcher has been exposed to the environment she describes and to the emotions and tensions existing therein, and she has separated her own personal perceptions, attitudes and biases with the aim to correctly reflect her experience in the research. The ethnographic research of an athlete's group, or its fans' base, respectively, has...