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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Numerical Solution Methods in Stochastic Chemical Kinetics

Engblom, Stefan January 2008 (has links)
This study is concerned with the numerical solution of certain stochastic models of chemical reactions. Such descriptions have been shown to be useful tools when studying biochemical processes inside living cells where classical deterministic rate equations fail to reproduce actual behavior. The main contribution of this thesis lies in its theoretical and practical investigation of different methods for obtaining numerical solutions to such descriptions. In a preliminary study, a simple but often quite effective approach to the moment closure problem is examined. A more advanced program is then developed for obtaining a consistent representation of the high dimensional probability density of the solution. The proposed method gains efficiency by utilizing a rapidly converging representation of certain functions defined over the semi-infinite integer lattice. Another contribution of this study, where the focus instead is on the spatially distributed case, is a suggestion for how to obtain a consistent stochastic reaction-diffusion model over an unstructured grid. Here it is also shown how to efficiently collect samples from the resulting model by making use of a hybrid method. In a final study, a time-parallel stochastic simulation algorithm is suggested and analyzed. Efficiency is here achieved by moving parts of the solution phase into the deterministic regime given that a parallel architecture is available. Necessary background material is developed in three chapters in this summary. An introductory chapter on an accessible level motivates the purpose of considering stochastic models in applied physics. In a second chapter the actual stochastic models considered are developed in a multi-faceted way. Finally, the current state-of-the-art in numerical solution methods is summarized and commented upon.
2

Essays on Sparse-Grids and Statistical-Learning Methods in Economics

Valero, Rafael 07 July 2017 (has links)
Compuesta por tres capítulos: El primero es un estudio sobre la implementación the Sparse Grid métodos para es el estudio de modelos económicos con muchas dimensiones. Llevado a cabo mediante aplicaciones noveles del método de Smolyak con el objetivo de favorecer la tratabilidad y obtener resultados preciso. Los resultados muestran mejoras en la eficiencia de la implementación de modelos con múltiples agentes. El segundo capítulo introduce una nueva metodología para la evaluación de políticas económicas, llamada Synthetic Control with Statistical Learning, todo ello aplicado a políticas particulares: a) reducción del número de horas laborales en Portugal en 1996 y b) reducción del coste del despido en España en 2010. La metodología funciona y se erige como alternativa a previos métodos. En términos empíricos se muestra que tras la implementación de la política se produjo una reducción efectiva del desempleo y en el caso de España un incremento del mismo. El tercer capítulo utiliza la metodología utiliza en el segundo capítulo y la aplica para evaluar la implementación del Tercer Programa Europeo para la Seguridad Vial (Third European Road Safety Action Program) entre otras metodologías. Los resultados muestran que la coordinación a nivel europeo de la seguridad vial a supuesto una ayuda complementaria. En el año 2010 se estima una reducción de víctimas mortales de entre 13900 y 19400 personal en toda Europa.

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