• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 2
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Evaluating credal set theory as a belief framework in high-level information fusion for automated decision-making

Karlsson, Alexander January 2010 (has links)
High-level information fusion is a research field in which methods for achieving an overall understanding of the current situation in an environment of interest are studied. The ultimate goal of these methods is to provide effective decision-support for human or automated decision-making. One of the main proposed ways of achieving this is to reduce the uncertainty, coupled with the decision, by utilizing multiple sources of information. Handling uncertainty in high-level information fusion is performed through a belief framework, and one of the most commonly used such frameworks is based on Bayesian theory. However, Bayesian theory has often been criticized for utilizing a representation of belief and evidence that does not sufficiently express some types of uncertainty. For this reason, a generalization of Bayesian theory has been proposed, denoted as credal set theory, which allows one to represent belief and evidence imprecisely. In this thesis, we explore whether credal set theory  yields measurable advantages, compared to Bayesian theory, when used as a belief framework in high-level information fusion for automated decision-making, i.e., when decisions are made by some pre-determined algorithm. We characterize the Bayesian and credal operators for belief updating and evidence combination and perform three experiments where the Bayesian and credal frameworks are evaluated with respect to automated decision-making. The decision performance of the frameworks are measured by enforcing a single decision, and allowing a set of decisions, based on the frameworks’ belief and evidence structures. We construct anomaly detectors based on the frameworks and evaluate these detectors with respect to maritime surveillance. The main conclusion of the thesis is that although the credal framework uses considerably more expressive structures to represent belief and evidence, compared to the Bayesian framework, the performance of the credal framework can be significantly worse, on average, than that of the Bayesian framework, irrespective of the amount of imprecision. / Högnivåfusion är ett forskningsområde där man studerar metoder för att uppnå en övergripande situationsförståelse för någon miljö av intresse. Syftet med högnivåfusion är att tillhandahålla ett effektivt beslutstöd for mänskligt eller automatiskt beslutsfattande. För att åstadkomma detta har det föreslagits att man ska reducera osäkerhet kring beslutet genom att använda flera olika källor av information. Det främsta verktyget för att hantera osäkerhet inom högnivåfusion är ett ramverk för att hantera evidensbaserad trolighet och evidenser kring en given tillståndsrymd. Ett av de vanligaste ramverken som används inom högnivåfusion för detta syfte är baserad på Bayesiansk teori. Denna teori har dock ofta blivit kritiserad för att den använder en representation av evidensbaserad trolighet och evidenser som inte är tillräckligt uttrycksfull för att representera vissa typer av osäkerheter. På grund av detta har en generalisering av Bayesiansk teori föreslagits, kallad “credal set theory“, där man kan representera evidensbaserad trolighet och evidenser oprecist. I denna avhandling undersöker vi om “credal set theory“ medför mätbara fördelar, jämfört med Bayesiansk teori, då det används som ett ramverk i högnivåfusion för automatiskt beslutsfattande, dvs. när ett beslut fattas av en algoritm. Vi karaktäriserar Bayesiansk och “credal“ operatorer för updatering av evidensbaserad trolighet och kombination av evidenser och vi presenterar tre experiment där vi utvärderar ramverken med avseende på automatiskt beslutsfattande. Utvärderingen genomförs med avseende på ett enskilt beslut och för en mängd beslut baserade på ramverkens strukturer för evidensbaserad trolighet och evidens. Vi konstruerar anomalidetektorer baserat på de två ramverken som vi sedan utvärderar med avseende på maritim övervakning.Den främsta slutsatsen av denna avhandling är att även om “credal set theory“ har betydligt mer uttrycksfulla strukturer för att representera evidensbaserad trolighet och evidenser kring ett tillståndsrum, jämfört med det Bayesianska ramverket, så kan “credal set theory“ prestera signifikant sämre i genomsnitt än det Bayesianska ramverket, oberoende av mängden oprecision. / <p>Examining Committee: Arnborg, Stefan, Professor (KTH Royal Institute of Technology), Kjellström, Hedvig, Associate Professor (Docent) (KTH Royal Institute of Technology), Saffiotti, Alessandro, Professor (Örebro University)</p>
2

Soft Data-Augmented Risk Assessment and Automated Course of Action Generation for Maritime Situational Awareness

Plachkov, Alex January 2016 (has links)
This thesis presents a framework capable of integrating hard (physics-based) and soft (people-generated) data for the purpose of achieving increased situational assessment (SA) and effective course of action (CoA) generation upon risk identification. The proposed methodology is realized through the extension of an existing Risk Management Framework (RMF). In this work, the RMF’s SA capabilities are augmented via the injection of soft data features into its risk modeling; the performance of these capabilities is evaluated via a newly-proposed risk-centric information fusion effectiveness metric. The framework’s CoA generation capabilities are also extended through the inclusion of people-generated data, capturing important subject matter expertise and providing mission-specific requirements. Furthermore, this work introduces a variety of CoA-related performance measures, used to assess the fitness of each individual potential CoA, as well as to quantify the overall chance of mission success improvement brought about by the inclusion of soft data. This conceptualization is validated via experimental analysis performed on a combination of real- world and synthetically-generated maritime scenarios. It is envisioned that the capabilities put forth herein will take part in a greater system, capable of ingesting and seamlessly integrating vast amounts of heterogeneous data, with the intent of providing accurate and timely situational updates, as well as assisting in operational decision making.

Page generated in 0.1127 seconds