This thesis investigates the diversity in job quality of university graduates in 17 European countries using multilevel regression modelling, based on combined REFLEX and HEGESCO graduate survey data. The focus of the research is on aspects of graduate jobs that affect quality, especially the analytically neglected aspects of skill utilisation and work autonomy, as well as income, job security and work life balance First, for the purposes of measuring job quality, the thesis proposes an international multidimensional Graduate Job Quality Index (GJQI) with potential applications for further research and policy evaluation. Second, the thesis analyses variance in graduate job quality across 258 sectors of economic activity in the 17 countries studied, and identifies a number of factors that are correlated with overall job quality and its dimensions. The main research focus, however, is on contextual factors in the wider society and economy that help explain both diversity in job quality and differences between different sectors of the economy and different occupational groups. In particular: 1) the adoption of new computer technologies; 2) exposure to globalisation, and 3) high educational attainment in the labour force. The study tests two broadly contrasting theoretical approaches to differences in graduate job quality: skill-biased technological change theory (Acemoglu, 2002) and the new institutionalism (Baker, 2014) on the one hand, and the conflict theory of global knowledge capitalism (Brown et al., 2012) on the other, and in empirical terms finds more support for the latter of two theoretical accounts.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-11-07T10:42:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GEOVANNA MOREIRA CALES RODRIGUES.pdf: 3101494 bytes, checksum: d6e041065e45e8c3c842305186697c04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-07T10:42:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GEOVANNA MOREIRA CALES RODRIGUES.pdf: 3101494 bytes, checksum: d6e041065e45e8c3c842305186697c04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-24 / In this study we analyze the contribution of training in top level of the first degree in Education from the State University of Goiás (UEG), Campus Inhumas, at night, when it comes to expectations about career as access, pay and stay in job market. For that, we turn to research bibliographical sources, documentary and field, through questionnaires applied to 51.3% of the graduates of 2005. The principle of our research started from the perspective that the nature of work changes as if modify the production relations. In this regard, we note that the job setup in today's society takes a specific form, which subjects the employee to the logic of capital. In our society we have been increasingly valued knowledge and technological innovations. These are not only fundamental to the development of capitalism, they define the worker's profile, with increasing levels of training, which is achieved by education. Such requirements have guided the spread of the Theory of Human Capital between 1960 and 1970 decades, however, we see a contradiction: while the capital depends on the training of workers, unemployed need as a reserve to lower the cost of labor of work. In this sense, we see in education policy a containment effort of the workers' access to higher levels of education, the dual education establishment. Although in our study have shown that during the period of the Governments Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014) have been marked by an increase of about 70% of enrollments in higher education in the federal system, we found that was not enough, since only 14% of the population able to complete a degree by 2013. The struggle of the workers as a class resistance, is of great importance in the achievement of social rights, because it was through her that access containment policies to higher education declined. The training at the college level was constituted as an important mechanism of improving the quality of life, since all graduates surveyed are working. Of them, 94% work in education; 57% hold a workday of 8 hours or more; and 88% contribute to the family budget. These workers are deployed to work two or more jobs. As a result of the efforts made by these graduates, we see that even in funding, 70% of them won the home; 82% purchased computers; 76% have a car; and 76% have Internet access, among other achievements. However, these graduates have shown the weight of the working day, which is often meaningless. As argued Tonet (2013), quoting Marx, work is no longer part of the worker's life and turns into a sacrifice of his life. / Nesta investigação analisamos a contribuição da formação em nível superior do curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia da Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG), Campus Inhumas, no período noturno, no que se refere às expectativas sobre a carreira quanto ao acesso, remuneração e permanência no mercado de trabalho. Para tanto, recorremos à pesquisa em fontes bibliográficas, documentais e de campo, por meio de questionários aplicados para 51,3% dos concluintes de 2005. O princípio da nossa investigação partiu da perspectiva de que a natureza do trabalho se modifica conforme se modificam as relações de produção. Nesse sentido, salientamos que a configuração do trabalho na sociedade atual assume uma forma específica, que submete o trabalhador à lógica do capital. Na nossa sociedade têm sido, cada vez mais valorizados o conhecimento e as inovações tecnológicas. Esses não apenas são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento do capitalismo, como definem o perfil do trabalhador, com cada vez maiores patamares de formação, que é conquistada pela educação. Tais exigências orientaram a propagação da Teoria do Capital Humano entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970. No entanto, verificamos uma contradição: ao mesmo tempo em que o capital depende da formação do trabalhador, necessita de desempregados como reserva, para baixar o custo da mão de obra. Nesse sentido, verificamos nas políticas educacionais um esforço de contenção do acesso dos trabalhadores aos níveis mais elevados de ensino, pelo estabelecimento do ensino dual. Ainda que em nosso trabalho tenhamos evidenciado que durante o período dos Governos Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014) tenham sido marcados pelo aumento de cerca de 70% das matrículas em nível superior na rede federal, constatamos que ainda não foi suficiente, visto que apenas 14% da população conseguiu concluir uma graduação até 2013. A luta dos trabalhadores, enquanto resistência de classe, reveste-se de grande importância na conquista de direitos sociais, pois foi por meio dela que as políticas de contenção de acesso ao ensino superior diminuíram. A formação em nível superior se constituiu como um importante mecanismo de melhoria da qualidade de vida, uma vez todos os egressos pesquisados estão trabalhando. Deles, 94% atuam na educação; 57% realizam uma jornada diária de trabalho de 8 horas ou mais; e 88% contribuem no orçamento familiar. Esses trabalhadores se desdobram para trabalhar em dois ou mais empregos. Como resultado dos esforços empreendidos por esses egressos, verificamos que, mesmo sob financiamento, 70% deles conquistaram a casa própria; 82% adquiriram computadores; 76% possuem automóvel; e 76% têm acesso à internet, entre outras conquistas. Entretanto, esses egressos demonstraram o peso da jornada de trabalho, que muitas vezes é destituída de sentido. Conforme argumenta Tonet (2013), citando Marx, o trabalho deixa de ser parte da vida do trabalhador e se transforma em um sacrifício da sua vida.

The recent emergence and growth of the regional airlines in the United States has placed a strain on the supply of pilots that are needed for staffing scheduled flights. This present pilot shortage is presenting challenges for 2-year colleges and 4-year universities with aviation programs to produce more pilot graduates in less time to meet the staffing demands made by the regional airlines. With this shortage, the pressing issues of how to train and hire qualified pilots to fly technologically advanced regional airline jet aircraft have forced the industry to demand more aviation skills from a shrinking market of aviation pilot candidates. Colleges and universities with aviation programs have been forced to compete with outside private aviation schools on a larger scale in the training of collegiate students for airline employment opportunities. The primary purpose of this study was to expose any inadequacies in the higher-education aviation curricula and to propose changes needed to better qualify aviation students in the hiring process at regional air carriers. This study concentrated on the principle that higher education is necessary for advancing a pilot's aptitudes and abilities to perform the highly technical tasks of a professional pilot in a regional airline environment. The avenues of obtaining aviation experience along with flight certificates and ratings in an academic environment from 2-year colleges and 4-year universities with aviation programs is examined, along with qualifying these schools with the criteria regional airlines expects from new pilots hired. A survey was used to poll the pilots from two regional airlines that were based in Texas. By analyzing the responses from the returned surveys, the quality of training that existed in higher education aviation programs was revealed. The study confirmed the value of advising a path of higher education for students embarking on an aviation career as a pilot for a regional airline. The study concluded that 2-year colleges and 4-year universities with aviation programs are meeting the present demands made by the regional airlines.