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The marketing of agricultural produce in eighteenth century OxfordshireThwaites, W. January 1981 (has links)
Although entitled The Marketing of Agricultural Produce in Eighteenth Century Oxfordshire, because of problems with source material, this thesis is primarily an examination of the organization of the open market, the marketing of corn and the period 1750-1800. Chapters II and III concentrate on public marketing institutions in Oxfordshire; II being an account of where markets and fairs were held and the relative importance of the different market towns, and III an investigation of who owned public markets; the type of facilities provided and the charges for using them. Chapter IV is on the corn trade; each section covering a different aspect. Section I is a discussion of sources; II and III an investigation of the role of the open market in the sale of corn; II concentrating on the local trade and III the long distance; IV is a summary of the alternative ways corn might be dispersed; v an investigation of the use of barley as a bread-corn and VI an examination of the assize of bread. Chapter V is on the marketing of products other than corn and VI is on the regulation of marketing and internal trade. Both chapters are very largely surveys of problems connected with the survival and interpretation of evidence, which is then displayed in tabular form. Finally, Chapter VII is an account of Oxfordshire food rioting, included both because material on riots is used throughout to illustrate many points and because the enforcement of marketing laws was often a product of crowd action.
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Restless collection : Ivan Vladislavić and South African literary cultureReid, Katie January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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Montaillou and the history of possibilitiesFairbrother, Daniel January 2017 (has links)
This thesis develops a reading of Montaillou, un village occitan de 1294 à 1324 (1975) by Emmanuel LeRoy Ladurie in parallel with a theory of possibilities in history. It is argued that possibilities are fundamentally involved in the semantics of sociological concepts, in the nature of historical judgements, and in the way actions feature in historiography. The thesis addresses a variety of literature in historiography, sociological theory, the philosophy of social science, and the philosophy of history. The thesis is split into a Preface and 5 parts containing between them 24 chapters of varying lengths. The Preface defines the topic in relation to the work of Max Weber. Part 1 is the Introduction, and approaches the topic of possibilities in history through classical texts in sociology and the philosophy of history. Part 2 is an extended commentary on Montaillou and raises puzzles about how it works as a text. Part 3 analyses sociological concepts and historical judgements in terms of possibilities. Part 4 analyses action in history in terms of possibilities. Part 5 brings the theoretical apparatus developed in parts 3 and 4 back to Montaillou to offer commentaries which solve the puzzles raised in part 2. The strategy of the thesis is to grasp the role of possibilities in history by giving equal weight to theoretical analysis and historiographical commentary.
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Disciplining the School of Athens : censorship, politics and philosophy, Italy 1450-1600Tarrant, Neil James January 2010 (has links)
This thesis examines the censorship of philosophy in Italy in the period 1450-1600, seeking to establish how the scrutiny of ideas was affected by the religious crisis of the sixteenth century. One of the primary aims of this thesis is to revise older accounts of censorship, dominant in the literature of both the history of science and Italian intellectual history traditions. These historiographies suggest that the Counter- Reformation triggered the emergence of a new and repressive attitude towards the censorship of philosophy, which grievously affected Italian intellectual and scientific culture in the seventeenth century. My thesis challenges this received view by drawing upon the insights produced by historians working in other disciplines, especially institutional historians of the Inquisition and the Index of Forbidden Books, and historians of the Church who have challenged the older monolithic view of the „Counter-Reformation Church‟. It seeks to show that while there were indeed significant changes to the apparatus of censorship during the sixteenth century, notably the re-organisation of the Inquisition and creation of the Index, they did not signal an entirely new approach towards the censorship of philosophy, nor did it have the cataclysmic impact suggested by earlier historians. I argue that the attitudes towards philosophy maintained within these institutions represent a specific formulation of the relationship between philosophy and revealed faith, which was in fact consistent with ideas elaborated within the mendicant orders during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. I argue that the implementation of these ideas as the basis for censorship can only be understood by understanding complex power struggles within the Church.
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The infrastructure and mechanics of pilgrimage to the Latin East in the twelfth and thirteenth centuriesHaberlin, Aoife January 2018 (has links)
This thesis explores the infrastructure and mechanics of Latin Christian pilgrimage to the Holy Land during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Jerusalem was an important religious site for Christians, though it did not gain large-scale popularity among pilgrims until the capture of the city by the crusaders in 1099. Despite the vast and ever expanding quantity of literature on the topic of medieval pilgrimage in Europe and to the Holy Land, the infrastructure and mechanisms for pilgrims has received little attention. This thesis addresses the following core questions: How did pilgrims maintain themselves en route to the Holy Land in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries? How important were pilgrimage infrastructure and mechanisms for pilgrims? How did the infrastructure develop over the course of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries? What impact did the changing political situation over the course of the crusades have on this network? Medieval pilgrim and travel narratives, canon law, cartularies, charters and other legal documents, chronicles, exemplars, hagiography, liturgical texts, and papal records are analysed to answer these questions. The thesis follows the pilgrim’s journey to the Holy Land, starting with mechanisms of protection associated with preparations for pilgrimage, continuing on to investigate those who provided infrastructure and mechanisms to pilgrims along the way, before focusing on infrastructure within the Holy Land itself. It demonstrates the scale of the infrastructure, showing the intertwining nature of real world mechanisms of protections with those of a spiritual kind, and how everyone from every level of society could participate and benefit from providing aid to pilgrims. This network is ultimately reflective of concepts such as poverty and charity associated with twelfth-century western Christian spirituality. Indeed, charity was at the heart of pilgrimage infrastructure.
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Popular emotions and the spy peril, 1914-1915Richards, Harry January 2018 (has links)
Following Britain’s entry into the First World War, the foreign spy became a particularly poignant image in popular culture as well as broader political discourse. Although espionage had featured regularly across British society during the preceding decade, with the outbreak of war the depiction of the spy took on a new significance. This thesis analyses British fears of German espionage between August 1914 and December 1915, in order to assess how popular spy phobias shaped wartime experiences. This recrudescence of spy fever, as these fears are commonly known, was facilitated by national policies and encouraged by local authorities. Pre-war strategic planning had determined that agents of the Kaiser were likely to target vulnerable infrastructure essential to Britain’s mobilisation. With this in mind, authorities responded to the declaration of war by conducting an erratic search for potential spies within their respective communities. These ostensibly official measures combined with scaremongering in the press to establish the danger of foreign espionage. Early rhetoric defined the appropriate response; popular suspicion and enhanced vigilance became essential to the national war effort. Defence panics had been an intermittent feature of Victorian and Edwardian discourse, and spy scares reflected a continuation of this tradition. Fears of espionage were far more prolific as collective anxieties rather than individual qualms. While some elements of society were caught up in this spy fever, others appeared unaffected by such concerns. As this thesis will show, emotional responses to spies appeared most pervasive in staunchly conservative communities that believed liberalism was ill-equipped to deal with national security and imperial defence. As a result, liberal ideals created a conflicting set of emotions that opposed radicalism and the feelings that it promoted. Spy fever was thus not a ubiquitous panic, nor was it particularly irrational, despite the fallacy of the espionage threat. Although anti-alienism has often been identified as the cause of such trepidation, spy phobias were multifaceted, and individuals who developed such fears did so for a variety of reasons.
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Matthew Boulton and the Soho Mint : copper to customerTungate, Susan January 2011 (has links)
Matthew Boulton (1728-1809) is well known as an eighteenth-century industrialist, the founder of Soho Manufactory and the steam-engine business of Boulton and Watt. Less well known are his scientific and technical abilities in the field of metallurgy and coining, and his role in setting up the Soho Mint. The intention of this thesis is to focus on the coining activities of Matthew Boulton from 1787 until 1809, and to examine the key role he played in the modernisation of money. It is the result of an Arts and Humanities Research Council-funded collaboration with Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, where, after examination of their extensive collection of coins, medals, tokens and dies produced at the Soho Mint, .research was used to produce a catalogue. A close visual study of the artefacts has been combined with evidence from contemporary archival material, and information from secondary sources, to provide a synthesis of the processes involved in making coins, and Matthew Boulton’s working practices in the eighteenth century. The thesis describes processes involved in making the 600 million coins, medals and tokens made at Soho Mint during Boulton’s lifetime. Chapter one briefly discusses his eighteenth-century background and the reasons for setting up the Soho Mint. In chapter two Boulton’s involvement in the copper and iron industries are discussed, including the importance of his contributions to both industries. He needed large amounts of copper and specialized iron products such as steel to make his coins at Soho Mint. In chapter three the technical aspects of minting are discussed, including Boulton and his team’s contribution to developing new techniques. The final chapter details how materials and products were transported, commissioned, and designed. The second half of the thesis is a sample catalogue of items produced at the Soho Mint prior to Boulton’s death in 1809. Fuller catalogues of Soho Mint products have been produced for several institutions as a result of this research, for use by museum curators, historians and professional and amateur numismatists. Only a selection of this aspect of the research is included, because of the word limitations for PhD theses.
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Roman children in the early empire : a distinct epidemiological and therapeutic category?Bagley, Andrée Marie January 2017 (has links)
Roman writers acknowledged the peculiar biological and psychological characteristics of children. This thesis examines the hypothesis that they regarded them as members of distinct epidemiological and therapeutic groups. Its chief sources of information are medical texts from the Early Empire, supplemented by archaeological evidence. It attempts to determine the extent to which the above traits informed theories concerning the prevalence, pathogenesis and prognosis of childhood ailments. Celsus stated that children should not be treated in the same way as adults. This thesis investigates whether other medical authorities shared this view, and whether Roman practitioners abided by this principle. It explores the ways in which they treated sick children and whether they employed different approaches according to the age or gender of individuals. This research breaks new ground in that it makes direct comparisons between treatments for children and adults, and children of varying age, and between children of either gender. It acknowledges the diversity of medicine in the Roman world and places equal emphasis on ‘scientific’ and supernatural practices. Another innovation is the use of case studies; these provide an opportunity to compare and discuss choices of therapeutic modalities for nine groups of diseases and in patients in different age categories.
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American habeas corpus: a historical viewJanuary 1980 (has links)
This dissertation is the first comprehensive work on the historical development of habeas corpus as it originated in England, adopted in USA during the colonial era, and finally emerged as the most powerful writ in the American Jurisprudence The origin of this most celebrated common law writ is clouded with obscurity and explained only through conjectures by the legal historians. The author, who was awarded an LL.M. degree in England on the basis of his thesis on the history of English Habeas Corpus, is presenting his thoughts after substantial further research in the USA and traces in the first chapter the possible origin of this writ in the light of his new theory of administrative momentum The second chapter explains the role of habeas corpus in the American Jurisprudence. Early settlers adopted their own jurisprudence and did not generally support the English common Law. It is established by a plethora of authorities that the origins of the American jurisprudence was not common law and habeas corpus did not appear on this side of the Atlantic as a part of the English Common Law. Contrary to the popular opinions, it was habeas corpus that facilitated the partial reception of the common law and not vice versa The next two chapters deal with the adoption of habeas corpus by the states and the clause against suspension of habeas corpus in the US constitution. The author traces with precision the history of the sensational use of the writ for recovery of the slaves by their masters, the subsequent development of the abolitionists' campaign in the North, diametrically opposite interpretation of the writ by the southern courts from that of the northern courts During the Civil War, when habeas corpus was suspended by Abraham Lincoln, the question arose as to whether the president could derive such power from the suspension clause of the US constitution. The interpretation of the clause by the judiciary, executive, and the legislature was not uniform and the judiciary came in conflict with the President. A close study of the US constitutional history reveals that the patriotic move by the president was unconstitutional The fifth chapter deals with the jurisdictional dimensions of the federal habeas corpus. . . . (Author's abstract exceeds stipulated maximum length. Discontinued here with permission of author.) UMI / acase@tulane.edu
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The Smokey Generation| A Wildland Fire Oral History and Digital Storytelling ProjectHannah, Bethany E. 19 June 2015 (has links)
<p> This contextual essay provides a full description of The Smokey Generation, an applied thesis project designed around creating an interactive website that collects and presents oral histories and digital stories of current and past wildland firefighters, with an initial focus on hotshots (i.e., specific teams of wildland firefighters notable for their high level of training and experience). The framework of the website is intentionally designed to influence the public perception of wildland fire to better support and align with its necessary ecological role. For this project, I analyzed stories collected during 36 interviews of current and past hotshots, using literary analysis techniques to determine the following: What tropes and schemes do hotshots most commonly use when describing fire in the environment and what meanings and values are revealed through those figures of speech? In addition to identifying tropes and schemes used in the collected stories, I compared the meanings and values put forward by those figures of speech with how the firefighters view the role of fire in the environment. My analysis revealed a disconnect, showing casual use of antagonistic figures of speech to describe wildland fires and firefighting actions; this, despite the interviewees’ actual beliefs about the role of fire in the environment, which indicate an understanding and appreciation of wildland fire, particularly the importance of using fire to restore healthy ecosystems, and a desire to be able to better use fire as a land management tool. To conclude, I discuss how I approached framing and presenting those findings on the website in order to develop a richer, more meaningful conversation around wildland fire through the use of digital storytelling and oral history. The project website can be found at: http://thesmokeygeneration.com. </p>
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