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<p> Joaqu&iacute;n Sorolla (1863-1923) painted numerous works of children bathing and playing on Spain's Mediterranean shores. This life-affirming subject allowed Sorolla to participate in the broad cultural discourse in Spain concerning cultural regeneration. Sorolla's work with the subject of the child bather intensified in the decade following the Crisis of 1898. <i>Sad Inheritance! </i>, his first monumental work on a child bather subject, directly engages the Theory of Degeneration, and the degeneration of Spain itself. While creating this work, Sorolla also developed paintings of child bathers that moved decisively toward a vision of regeneration. It was this regenerative vision that the artist would pursue in a number of complex and shifting ways, until creating a series of large child bather paintings in 1909. This thesis takes an episodic approach, studying key works from a decade of Sorolla' s output. </p>

Because the sheriffs of late twelfth-century England played such a crucial role in maintaining law and order and in collecting royal revenue, the way that the king managed this position, either directly or through his justiciars, provides insight into his administrative competence. In the case of Richard I of England (1189-1199), to whom historians generally ascribe negative attributes, royal appointments to shrievalties indicate that Richard concerned himself with this local office, chose capable and loyal men, and used the office wisely as a means of raising much needed money. Furthermore, the justiciars named by King Richard governed well while in power, skillfully safeguarding the kingdom and doing so in large measure through judicious shrieval appointments. / The majority of those used as sheriffs did not, contrary to commonly held views, originate in the curial class; and even though secular and ecclesiastical magnates served the king in this capacity, they made up only a small minority. Instead, the typical sheriff for Richard I was a man of local stature but who had limited contacts at the royal court. Nevertheless, it was those from the curial and magnate classifications who benefitted most from the distribution of royal patronage. Remarkably, possession of a shrievalty did not provide the advantage expected for someone with such frequent access to the sources of power. / The view of Richard I as an irresponsible and unconcerned monarch, therefore, must be altered, for he fits well into the type of administrative kingship modeled by the Angevin family as a whole. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 54-03, Section: A, page: 1059. / Major Professor: Ralph V. Turner. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1993.

This dissertation is a study of the cultural contributions made by the scholars who accompanied Napoleon Bonaparte to Egypt in 1798. The purpose of the expedition was strategic and colonial, so Bonaparte recruited some of France's leading artists, scientists and engineers to accompany the French Army and study Egypt systematically. / In order to facilitate their research, the scholars formed a learned body, the Institute of Egypt. The research conducted by members of the Institute lay the groundwork for the development of Egyptology as a professional field of academic study. The culmination of the savants' work was the multivolume, illustrated Description de l'Egypte, which covered topics including natural history, geography, contemporary Egyptian society and Egyptian antiquities. The Description offered European scholars their first comparatively accurate view of Egypt, especially ancient Egypt. / The work of the French in Egypt also reflected various trends in eighteenth century thought. The savants believed that they were bringing progress and enlightenment to contemporary Egypt in the form of scientific and technical development. Moreover, the Napoleonic scholars, like some of the philosophes, believed that man could rationally, scientifically, and objectively study a society and then distill the information into a single, encyclopedic work. As colonialists, they regarded Egypt as fertile territory for scientific study. Since Europeans knew relatively little about ancient or contemporary Egypt, the French believed that they could claim credit for the rediscovery of a great civilization, and the glory of ancient Egypt would be reflected on Napoleonic France. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 53-10, Section: A, page: 3644. / Major Professor: Donald D. Horward. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1992.

In a letter of May 14, 1922, Sigmund Freud noted the profound similarities between himself and Viennese playwright, Arthur Schnitzler. Their kinship, according to Freud, rested upon shared determinism and skepticism: "what people call pessimism." Both men were graduates of the University of Vienna medical faculty, where they were exposed to two significant non-medical controversies. By examining and interpreting late works of Freud and Schnitzler, in the context of the issues debated earlier at the Medical School, this study assesses the validity of Freud's conclusion. Chapter One provides an intellectual history of the Second Viennese Medical School and the concepts discussed just prior to the matriculation of Freud and Schnitzler: Therapeutic skepticism and the materialist world-view. The first of these positions, which cast doubt on the ability of medicine to help, is correlated with Freud's suggestion of a shared determinism with Schnitzler. The second, due to its religious implications, is linked to Freud's contention of a shared skepticism. These two issues are employed in interpreting the later, parapsychological, works of Freud, as well as Beyond the Pleasure Principle, The Ego and the Id, and The Question of Lay-Analysis. The thesis is put forth that Freud was more a determinist than a skeptic, especially as he became convinced of the validity of his discovery. Chapter Three explores themes in Schnitzler's works along the same lines used in the discussion of Freud. Extensive use is made of early and late unpublished diaries of the author, as well as works roughly contemporaneous with those of Freud. Analysis leads to an assessment of Schnitzler different in emphasis from that of Freud. A conclusion offers a brief discussion of the two authors' notes concerning war, for these epitomized their philosophical differences. The thesis is advanced that the world-views of these men were shaped by their varying proximity to the medical school, its faculty, and the practice of medicine itself. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 47-12, Section: A, page: 4489. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1986.

An explanatory study of the motives behind the plans to forge a closer relationship between Western Europe and the African colonies since the Second World War, from the historical perspective, and the success or failure of these plans. This study is not an in-depth institutional analysis of Western European integration or an attempt to examine the purely European aspects of organizations set up to further that goal. It is not a history of post-World War II Europe and Africa except to the extent that the Eurafrican concept had a bearing on events on both continents. Its primary concern is to examine the issues implied in the title, namely to what extent the ideal was shared among the European countries and their prospective partners, the peoples of Africa; whether it was a genuine attempt to create a new and more equal interdependent status, or whether as has often been charged, it was a fig leaf for neocolonialism. / It will also examine the postwar colonial economic development programs for the African colonies; the Strasbourg Plan; the Common Market and its African associated states; economic assistance to Africa from Europe; the impact of association on African regional groupings; the Common Market's impact on African trade; and the British Commonwealth and the European integration movement. Particular emphasis will be placed on the negotiations between the Common Market and Nigeria, and the East African states for associate membership. / This study relied on the documents and publications of the Council of Europe, the Commission of the European Communities, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the various organs of the United Nations, the United States Department of State, and journals and studies. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 43-06, Section: A, page: 2061. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1982.

The novels of high life called "Silver-Fork" and those about criminals known as "Newgate" novels dominated fiction in early Victorian Britain. Their enormous popularity eventually incited heated debate regarding authorial responsibility and the tolerable and the admissible in literature. Charles Dickens and, even more broadly, William Makepeace Thackeray, authors of the first rank in the nineteenth-century literary canon, participated in these debates along with novelists writing in these subgenres but little read today like William Harrison Ainsworth, Catherine Frances Gore, and Edward Bulwer-Lytton. / This study argues that to understand the sociohistorical significance of the rise and fall of the Silver-Fork and the Newgate phenomena in popular culture during the 1820s and 1830s, one must attend to the increasing consolidation of middle class ethics in these years. The decline of the Silver-Fork and Newgate novels was mainly the consequence of widespread middle-class hostility toward this popular literature of high life and crime that failed to embody and confirm middle-class moral perspective. / It was Thackeray who, reflecting the growing intolerance of the Victorian middle class for both Silver-Fork and Newgate novels, attempted to correct the false, even hazardous, view of reality implied in these two popular forms. A major argument in this study is that, through his efforts to disrupt the Silver-Fork and Newgate manner in Victorian fiction, Thackeray contributed much in establishing, solidifying, and perpetuating middle-class ideology in Victorian literature. / Adopting a social and historical approach, this study describes the effects of early Victorian middle-class ideology on literary taste through an analysis of the overt struggle between Silver-Fork and Newgate novelists, and Thackeray. By doing so, it aims to open a new perspective on such issues in Victorian literature as social class, popularity, and acceptability. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 57-04, Section: A, page: 1632. / Major Professor: John Fenstermaker. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1996.

<p>?The Canadian News is Unimportant? analyzes the anomaly of Canada in the British Empire in the nineteenth century by seeking to understand the role that Canada played in the production of empire abroad and understanding of empire in the metropole. The study is situated between the periods of the American Civil and the Canadian confederation movement and explores metropolitan newspapers and parliamentary debates to develop the themes of imagined identities, paternalistic language, and rhetoric of empire. Such explorations illustrate just how difficult it would become for the British metropole to reconcile their constructed image of a dependent and child-like colony with the reality of increasing Canadian autonomy. This study expands imperial historiography by showing just how important the Canadian news was in the constructions of the British empire in the nineteenth century.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 35-02, Section: A, page: 1006. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1970.

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