Thesis (M.D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1952. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-48).

Orientador: Jacks Jorge Junior / Texto em português e inglês / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T06:56:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FerreiraFilho_JoseLaurentino_M.pdf: 1327041 bytes, checksum: 2b08a1dcef02da5393c3fdad74be531f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Estudos sugerem que a proporção digital pode ser utilizada como marcador putativo para a exposição pré-natal a hormônios sexuais e como marcador da expressão de genes HOX. Genes homeobox controlam a organogênese e a formação corporal durante a embriogênese, além de ter importante papel na regulação da hematopoiese. Há indicações de que a perda ou o ganho de função dos genes homeobox está associada com o desenvolvimento de neoplasias malignas. Dessa forma a proporção digital (2D:4D), que está relacionada com ação desses genes, pode ser utilizada como marcador putativo para eventos carcinogênicos. Este estudo investigou a proporção digital (2D:4D) em indivíduos com Linfoma de Hodgkin e em grupo controle. Foram avaliados 140 indivíduos (70 com linfoma de Hodgkin e 70 controles sem a doença) com idades entre 19 e 78 anos, pareados por idade e gênero. Fotografias das mãos direita e esquerda foram realizadas por um único examinador e medidas digitalmente. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando o teste t de Student, ANOVA e correlação de Pearson. Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos Linfoma de Hodgkin e controle, tanto para o grupo masculino quanto feminino (p=0,88 e p=0,33), respectivamente. Também não houve influência da proporção digital sobre o estadiamento clínico. Este estudo não demonstrou a correlação da proporção digital com o desenvolvimento ou o estadiamento clínico do Linfoma de Hodgkin. Estes achados não confirmaram, por meio da avaliação do 2D:4D, a influência dos genes HOX sobre o linfoma de Hodgkin. Estudos adicionais sobre a relação entre a proporção digital e a prevalência ou gravidade de cânceres influenciados pelos genes HOX são necessários para esclarecer o envolvimento da exposição in útero aos hormônios sexuais nestas patologias / Abstract: Studies suggest that the digital proportion can be used as a putative marker for prenatal exposure to sex hormones and as a marker expression of HOX genes. Homeobox genes control organogenesis and body formation during embryogenesis. They have an important role in the regulation of hematopoiesis. Studies confirm that loss or gain of function of homeobox genes is associated with development of malignancies. Thus, digit ratio, which is related to action of these genes, can be used as putative marker for carcinogenic events. This study investigated digit ratio in individuals with Hodgkin's lymphoma and in a control group. A number of people - 70 with Hodgkin¿s lymphoma and 70 without the disease - aged 19 to 78, matched for age and gender, were evaluated. Photographs of the right and left hands were taken by single examiner and digitally analyzed. Data was statistically analyzed using T Student test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results showed no statistically significant difference between Hodgkin's lymphoma and control groups for both male and female individuals (p = 0.88 and p = 0.33), respectively. There was also no influence of digit ratio on clinical staging. This study showed no correlation between proportion of digital development and clinical staging of Hodgkin¿s lymphoma. These findings did not confirm, by means of 2D: 4D analysis, the influence of HOX genes effect on Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Additional studies on digital proportion and prevalence or severity of cancers influenced by HOX genes are needed to clarify the involvement of the in utero exposure to sex hormones on these pathologies / Mestrado / Patologia / Mestre em Estomatopatologia

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine (Internal Medicine) / Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a malignancy of lymphoid cells that was first described by Thomas Hodgkin in 1832. It is recognized histologically by the presence of the characteristic Reed Sternberg cells, bathed in a reactive cellular background of inflammatory cells. Hodgkin lymphoma is less common than Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) and accounts for approximately 10-20 % of all the lymphomas encountered. It is most often seen in young adults, with a peak frequency in the third decade of life. Hodgkin lymphoma is characterized by the orderly spread of disease from one lymph node group to another (contiguous spread and centripetal distribution) and by the development of systemic symptoms, particularly with advanced stage disease. True extra nodal disease is uncommon. Pathologically, Hodgkin lymphoma is categorized into two groups: Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma which accounts for about 5% and Classical Hodgkin lymphoma which accounts for 95%. Classical Hodgkin lymphoma is further subdivided into four subtypes: Nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Mixed cellularity classical Hodgkin lymphoma, Lymphocyte rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma and Lymphocyte depleted classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Once the diagnosis is confirmed on a lymph node or tissue biopsy, a complete work up is done, which includes blood investigations, a bone marrow aspirate and biopsy and appropriate radiological investigations. Following on this, the treatment is individualized and includes both supportive care and specific therapy. The specific initial treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma involves combination chemotherapy and where necessary involved field radiotherapy. Cure is a realistic goal in more than 90% of patients with early stage disease. A delicate balance exists vi between optimal initial treatment and the development of late complications of the disease, mainly related to treatment. The last decade has witnessed the emergence of Hodgkin lymphoma occurring with increasing frequency in association with the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The relative risk is 10-20 fold higher with HIV seropositivity, compared to the general population. HIV associated Hodgkin lymphoma is generally more aggressive, presents with advanced stage disease, frequent ‘B’ symptoms, less favorable histology, more frequent bone marrow involvement and overall a poorer prognosis compared to Hodgkin lymphoma in HIV seronegative individuals. This study was aimed at exploring and defining the changing pattern of Hodgkin lymphoma at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) from January 2005 to December 2012. Other objectives were to review: (i) the impact of HIV on the clinical pattern of disease and (ii) the different treatment options and the outcome of the patients. Patients and Methods This was a retrospective review of all adult patients with Hodgkin lymphoma seen at the Clinical Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine from January 2005 to December 2012 at CHBAH. Descriptive analysis was conducted through the computation of frequency tables for categorical variables and appropriate measures of central tendency i.e. mean ± SD/median (IQR) for continuous variables. Kaplan Meier survival curves were plotted to determine the survival probability of the patients based on demographic and clinical characteristics. vii Results A total of 150 patients with a confirmed diagnosis were included in the study. Ninety three percent of the patients were of black ethnicity. There were 84 males (56%) and 66 females (44%), with a male to female ratio of 1.27:1. The median age of the patients was 37 years, with a peak frequency in the third and fourth decades of life. HIV seropositivity was noted in 90 patients (60%), with the remaining 60 patients (40%) being seronegative. For the whole group of 150 patients, lymphadenopathy was the most common presenting feature (92.7%). ‘B’ symptoms were present in 74.7% of the patients. Advanced stage disease was noted in 74% of the patients and a performance status of ≥2 was evident in 66.7% of the patients. A comparison of the HIV seropositive and HIV seronegative patients shows that there is a statistically significant difference between the histological subtypes (mixed cellularity with HIV seropositivity and nodular sclerosis with HIV seronegativity), TB association (higher with HIV seropositivity) and more bone marrow involvement with HIV seropositivity. However, the median survival was shorter in HIV seropositive compared to HIV seronegative individuals. Conclusion As compared to the current literature on Hodgkin lymphoma (particularly from the developed world), our study showed a high prevalence of HIV and TB, in association with Hodgkin lymphoma. There is a paradigm shift at our institution, from an early period in the 1980’s with no HIV seropositivity in association with HL, to <50% in the 1990’s and early 2000’s, to > 50% in the last decade. The association between HIV and HL has an impact on the clinical presentation and outcome of the patients. Therefore, health care workers need to be aware of this emerging and increasing association between HIV and Hodgkin lymphoma. / GR2018

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2002. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2002. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET-CT) is now established in the staging, restaging and therapy response monitoring of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and high grade Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HG NHL), specifically for nodal disease and extra-nodal disease excluding the bone marrow. The role of FDG PET-CT for evaluating bone marrow involvement in HL and HG NHL has not been established yet. There are however several publications on this subject but no consensus has been reached. Bone marrow trephine biopsy (BMB) is the gold standard for bone marrow assessment in lymphoma. Although the occurrence of adverse effects is uncommon, BMB is an invasive procedure that may induce anxiety in patients. A retrospective review of FDG PET-CT bone marrow findings of HL patients referred for a staging scan from June 2008 to January 2014 was done, these findings were compared to the BMB findings also done as part of initial staging. The findings of 55 patients were reviewed analysed.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2008. / Title from title page screen (viewed on July 20, 2008). Research advisor: Ann K. Cashion, PhD. Document formatted into pages (xi, 118 p. : ill.). Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-102).

Orientador: Marinês Nobre dos Santos Uchôa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T17:54:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lopes_LenitaMarangoni_M.pdf: 1281003 bytes, checksum: d8db3df30e9d6a94643ef468e60b5af8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A saliva é um importante fator de proteção contra doenças bucais devido a propriedades como clearence promovido pelo fluxo salivar e manutenção do pH em níveis aceitáveis pela capacidade tampão. Entretanto, inúmeros fatores podem afetar a produção de saliva, podendo resultar em hipossalivação e no sintoma de boca seca, a xerostomia. Estudos mostram que uma das causas da hipossalivação é a radioterapia envolvendo a região de cabeça e pescoço, utilizada no tratamento de câncer. Dentre as neoplasias em crianças que incluem em seus protocolos de tratamento a radioterapia na região cervical, destacamos o Linfoma de Hodgkin, o qual frequentemente acomete cadeias ganglionares cervicais. Sendo assim, o primeiro objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar se a radioterapia causa algum efeito sobre o fluxo, o pH e a capacidade tampão da saliva de crianças com Linfoma de Hodgkin. O segundo objetivo foi avaliar se existe correlação entre as características salivares descritas acima e parâmetros que exprimem a qualidade de vida antes, durante e após o tratamento radioterápico. Para tanto, foi realizada a coleta de saliva estimulada e não estimulada e aplicação do questionário H&N35 a 10 voluntários de 6 a 16 anos, portadores de Linfoma de Hodgkin, antes do início do tratamento (baseline), ao completarem as doses de 1000 e 2000 cGy, e após 1, 2 e 3 meses do final da radioterapia. Como grupo controle, 10 voluntários saudáveis pareados por idade e sexo foram submetidos à única coleta de saliva. O volume de saliva coletada foi dividido pelo tempo de coleta para estimar do fluxo salivar. A saliva coletada foi utilizada para avaliação do pH e da capacidade tampão pelo método da titulação. O questionário foi interpretado de acordo com as recomendações da European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Os resultados do estudo mostraram que em relação ao controle, o fluxo salivar estimulado foi significativamente menor no início do estudo (baseline), bem como após as doses de 1000, 2000 cGy e 1, 2 e 3 meses após o tratamento. Ainda, o fluxo salivar estimulado observado após a dose de 1000 cGy e 1 mês após o tratamento foi significativamente inferior aquele do baseline. O pH da saliva não estimulada diminuiu após 3 meses em relação ao grupo controle, mas não houve diferença entre o pH salivar no baseline e qualquer outro grupo. O pH da saliva estimulada foi menor após 1 e 3 meses, quando comparado ao grupo controle. A capacidade tampão da saliva não estimulada e estimulada foi reduzida após a dose de 2000 cGy. Os voluntários relataram uma maior intensidade de boca seca e dor após as doses de 1000 e 2000 cGy. Além disso, para saliva não estimulada, exceto entre pH e dor após a dose de 2000 cGy, uma correlação significativa foi encontrada entre dor, boca seca e todas as variáveis investigadas em todas as fases. Para saliva estimulada não foi observada correlação apenas entre o pH e a dor após a dose de 2000 cGy e 2 meses após o tratamento. Então, pode-se concluir que o protocolo radioterápico, ao qual os voluntários foram submetidos, produziu alterações na taxa de fluxo salivar e capacidade tampão da saliva; e estas alterações tiveram impacto negativo na qualidade de vida, em relação à intensidade de boca seca e sensação de dor na cavidade bucal da crianças avaliadas / Abstract: Saliva is an important protective factor for oral diseases due to properties such as clearance by salivary flow, and maintenance of pH within acceptable levels by buffer capacity. However, many factors can affect saliva production, which can result in hypossalivation and symptoms of dry mouth, the xerostomia. Studies have shown that one of the causes of hypossalivation is radiotherapy of head and neck used to treat cancer. Among children's neoplasms that include in their treatment protocols the radiotherapy of cervical region, we highlight the Hodgkin's lymphoma, which often affects cervical ganglion. Thus, the first aim of this study was to investigate if the radiotherapy treatment has any effect on the salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity of stimulated and unstimulated saliva of children with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The second aim of our study was to evaluate if there is any correlation between these salivary parameters and some areas that express the quality of life before, during and after radiotherapy treatment. To do so, stimulated and unstimulated saliva was collected and the H&N35 questionnaire was applied to 10 children and adolescents aging 6-16 years old, with Hodgkin's lymphoma before the start of treatment (baseline), after the 1000 and 2000 cGy doses were completed, and after 1, 2 and 3 months of the end of the radiotherapy. As a control group, a single saliva collection was performed in 10 healthy children of the same age group. The volume of saliva collected was divided by the time of collection to estimate the salivary flow rate. The collected saliva was used to evaluate the pH and the buffer capacity by the titration method. The questionnaire was interpreted according to recommendations of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). The results of the study showed that when compared to control group, an decrease unstimulated salivary flow rate was found after the dose of 1000 cGy and after 1 month but no difference among groups was found. Stimulated salivary flow rate was significantly lower at baseline as well as after the doses of 1000, 2000 cGy and 1, 2 and 3 months after treatment when compared to control group. In the same way, a significantly lower stimulated salivary flow rate was observed after the dose of 1000 cGy and 1 month after treatment when compared to baseline. The pH of unstimulated saliva decreased after 3 months as compared to control group but no difference was found among salivary pH at baseline and any other group. The pH of stimulated saliva was lower after 1 and 3 months when compared to control group. The buffering capacity of unstimulated and stimulated saliva was reduced after the dose of 2000 cGy. The volunteers reported a greater intensity of dry mouth and pain after doses of 1000 and 2000 cGy. Moreover, for unstimulated saliva, except for the absence of correlation between pH and pain after the dose of 2000 cGy, a significant correlation was found among pain, dry mouth and all investigated variables in all phases. For stimulated saliva no correlation between pH and pain after the dose of 2000 cGy and 2 months after treatment could be detected. Then, it can be concluded that the radiotherapic protocol, to which the volunteers were submitted, produced changes in salivary flow rate and buffering capacity of saliva and that these changes negatively impacted the quality of life regarding the intensity of dry mouth and pain sensation in the oral cavity of evaluated children / Mestrado / Odontopediatria / Mestra em Odontologia

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.