Doctorat en sciences sociales, politiques et économiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The grandeur of Terre des hommes lies in the beautiful poetry which Saint-Exupery has suffused into his descriptions of the earth and the universe, and into his reflections upon humanity. He wants to awaken us to the poetry of life. This is one of the main purposes of Terre des hommes and is the role of the author's "vision poétique.” The three chapters of this thesis are studies of Saint-Exupery*s poetic view of life. The first chapter introduces the universe which the author reveals to us in the first half of his book, where he is above all the poet of the earth. The world he depicts is largely a symbolic and spiritual one. Mermoz slowly wends his way through the temple of a storm at sea, following the rays of moonlight which creep in through the rifts in the clouds. And when Saint-Exupery is searching for his friend Guillaumet in the Andes, he flies through a cathedral of snow. These symbols take on a richer meaning, when in his fourth essay Saint-Exupery recalls how he used to land on plateaux of virgin sand on the borders of the Sahara. These plateaux remind him of the columns of a temple, and as he explores their surface, he discovers the presence of small black stones shaped like rain-drops which, he realises, must be meteorites fallen from the heavens. This rain of fire causes Saint-Exupéry's spiritual life to spring up in his soul and leads him to link his destiny with the stars. The peace of the desert where he loves to dwell, the wondrous firmness of the sand he lies upon, contemplating the stars, bring to his mind the memories of his childhood and of all that has been most precious to him in life. The universe is then a cathedral which will lead all men to a discovery of their inmost spiritual resources. The second chapter studies mainly the second half of Terre des hommes in which Saint-Exupery tries to communicate with all men; in this part of his book, he is truly the poet of mankind. He describes two little girls who live in a cottage full of nooks and who are as full of life and as mischievous as two fairy princesses. The miracle of man is fostered and nourished in childhood, whose spirit man must keep alive within himself and so be eager to explore the new possibilities of life. Saint-Exupery has already described the bureaucrat on his way to work, for whom life is nothing but a set of routines, and his old governess whose incredulous ears he loved to shock with his tales of far-away countries. The men like Mermoz and Guillaumet, on the other hand, really keep alive the spirit of their childhood and fulfil their destinies as men in their constant struggle with the unknown as they discover new air-routes over the sea and the mountains. In his sixth and seventh essays, Saint-Exupéry describes life in the desert where men, confronted with themselves, live in a more spiritual world than those who dwell in crowded cities. The Arab chieftains dream of vanquishing their legendary enemy, Bonnafous. The slave, Bark, clings steadfastly to the hope that he may one day live again the life he remembers of shepherd and king of flocks. Saint-Exupery tells us that his three days in the desert with hardly anything to eat or drink brought him to grips with life and revealed the spiritual life which dwells in all men and whose deep springs the challenge of the unknown alone can release. At the end of his book, the author marvels at the human miracle which man can realise by developping the gifts with which the Spirit has endowed him, for the discovery and the nourishment of the spiritual life, of that which will never die, will give true meaning to the lives of men. The third chapter presents a study of the poetic art of Saint-Exupery. The first section studies a passage of his poetic prose from the seventh essay of Terre des hommes, where the author is flying over the desert at nightfall. The earth seems to mingle with the sky. These are two worlds which are merging in Saint-Exupery himself as he wends his way amidst the stars, the worlds of the philosopher and worldly knowledge, and of the poet and divine knowledge. The words are full of music and are proof of Saint-Exupéry's quest for the beauty of the world of the spirit. The images the author uses form the second subject of study. Essentially concrete in nature, they express the way in which Saint-Exupéry battles with the elements as he flies through storms of snow and rain, and fights against the icy desert winds. The snow blowing from the mountain-top is like a scarf around its peak. The winds the author feels in the desert; are as cutting as sabres. But Saint-Exupéry’s imagery also expresses his search for the light of the spirit. The lamp in a farmer’s cottage on the mountain-side for example is a light-house for the pilot. The third section of the chapter concerns the allegories of the desert, the sea, the winds and the stars. The desert symbolises man's need for solitude and meditation, while the sea is the symbol of human life itself, and the winds blowing off the sea, bring to man the taste of its freshness which is the taste of life and freedom. The stars are the symbol of man's highest aspirations and represent the world of the Spirit where all men will find their fulfillment and Joy. The conclusion emphasises the two tendancies of Saint-Exupery's soul which are ever present in Terre des hommes and which unify his "vision poétique." There is on the one hand, his desire to be free and a poet to see and absorb as much of life as possible, and on the other hand, his love of being a part of a team of men, of having a wife he can return to after his wanderings, his love of belonging to the earth. These two tendancies bring unity to Saint-Exupery*s "vision poétique" for, as a pilgrim, a wanderer and a poet, he discovered the beauty of the earth, but it was as one who wants to belong, to linger and to meditate upon life's mysteries, that he set down his thoughts in such a wonderfully poetic way. / Arts, Faculty of / Central Eastern Northern European Studies, Department of / Graduate

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Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 25 juillet 2023) / La violence conjugale est une problématique complexe où la majorité des victimes sont féminines. La réalité des hommes violentés dans leur couple, elle, est peu documentée et souvent ignorée. Pour cette raison, ce mémoire de maîtrise s'intéresse aux effets des représentations sociales de la violence conjugale des intervenants sociaux et de la santé sur l'offre de services aux hommes qui subissent ou ont subi de la violence conjugale. L'étude est de nature qualitative et exploratoire. Elle se situe dans le paradigme constructiviste. Neuf (9) intervenants sociaux travaillant auprès d'hommes en Chaudière-Appalaches ont été rencontrés afin d'élaborer une carte associative et de participer à une entrevue semi-dirigée. Les résultats montrent que les participants ont une lecture de la problématique de la violence conjugale se situant dans le paradigme des conflits familiaux (Straus, 2005; Winstok, 2011). Les participants témoignent de l'existence des hommes subissant de la violence conjugale et des conséquences que la violence subie peut avoir sur eux. Les participants considèrent que les hommes violentés vivent principalement de la violence psychologique et verbale, tout en reconnaissant aussi d'autres formes de violence. Même si certains participants considèrent que les impacts de la VC sont moins importants lorsque ce sont les hommes qui subissent cette problématique, tous considèrent que la violence conjugale est constituée de l'ensemble des formes de violence exercée dans le couple, sans égard à leur nature, leur fréquence, leur gravité ou au genre de l'agresseur et de la victime. Par ailleurs, il ressort de cette étude que la socialisation de genre maintient le tabou autour des hommes violentés. Selon les participants, ceux-ci ne dénoncent pas de peur de ne pas être crus. La parole des hommes violentés est décrédibilisée et leur vécu considéré comme une exception, ce qui affecte l'offre de services pour ces hommes. / Domestic violence is a complex, multi-faceted problem where most victims are female. The reality of men who are abused in their relationship is poorly documented and often ignored. For these reasons, this master's thesis focuses on the effects of the social representations of domestic violence of social and health workers on the services offered to men who suffer or have suffered violence. To answer this question, associative maps and semi-structured interviews were used. This study is qualitative and exploratory in nature, and it falls within the constructivist paradigm. Nine (9) social and health workers working with men in Chaudière-Appalaches were interviewed. The results show that the participants have a reading of the domestic violence problem situated in the paradigm of family conflicts (Straus 2005; Winstok 2011). The participants bear witness the existence of men suffering from domestic violence and the consequences that the violence experienced can have on them. However, their visions vary regarding the forms of violence that men can suffer in their relationship. For example, all participants consider that abused men experience mainly psychological and verbal violence. Their point of view differs with respect to other forms of violence. Nevertheless, they consider that any form of violence exerted in the couple, must be considered as part of a dynamic of domestic violence, without regard to the nature, the frequency, the seriousness and the gender of the aggressor and the victim. Even if some participants consider that the impacts of DV are less important when it is men who suffer. Moreover, it emerges from this study that gender socialization maintains taboo around abused men. According to the participants, these do not denounce for fear of not being believed. The words of abused men are discredited, their experiences considered as exceptions, which affects the offering of services for these men.

Diss.--Faculty of linguistics and literary studies--Wuppertal--Bergische Universität, 2001. / Bibliogr. p. [321]-[331].

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Evangelisch-theologische Fakultät--Heidelberg--Universität, 2000. / Bibliogr. p. 713-758. Index.

Thèse (M.A.)--Université Laval, 2003. / Bibliogr.: f. 92-96. Publié aussi en version électronique.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Fachbereich Altertumswissenschaften--Berlin--Freie Universität, 1994. / Bibliogr. p. 251-260. Index.

Pour plusieurs hommes, la demande d'aide psychosociale est un processus qui demeure, encore aujourd'hui, particulièrement difficile. La littérature scientifique identifie certains éléments qui peuvent faciliter ce parcours, tels que l'influence positive de la conjointe et du médecin (SOM , 2018). Cependant, comme ces études sont principale ment de nature quantitative, elles ne permettent pas de comprendre comment ces éléments influencent la demande d'aide psychosociale des hommes en difficulté. C'est pourquoi la présente étude vise à approfondir les divers facteurs qui, aux yeux de ces homme s, facilitent ce processus et les incitent à aller chercher l'aide requise lorsqu'ils rencontrent des difficultés importantes 10 dans leur vie. Pour atteindre cet objectif, une étude qualitative et exploratoire a été réalisée auprès de hommes qui ont consulté un intervenant. Une analyse thématique a été réalisée à partir du psychosocial pour de telles difficultés. modèle de la demande d'aide en trois étapes de Gross et McMullen recherche (1983) pour analyser les résultats. Les résultats de la présente permettent d'établir que plusieurs facteurs ont facilité chacune des étapes de demande d'aide la et que d'autres ont favorisé l'engagement des participants dans un suivi psychosocial après leur demande initiale. Dans l'ensemble, ils permettent de confirmer ce qui était déjà présent dans la littérature scientifique sur ce sujet tout en apportant des précisions sur quelques éléments, comme les stratégies utilisées par les médecins pour favoriser la demande d'aide ou la constatation des pères selon laquelle leurs problèmes affectent négativement leurs enfants. Enfin, les constats tirés de l'analyse des résultats permettent d'avancer quelques pistes de solutions pour faciliter la demande d'aide psychosociale des hommes, notamment sur le plan de la sensibilisation des promotion de la santé. médecins et de la promotion de la santé. / For many men, seeking psychological help remains a difficult process. Scientific literature points toward some factors that facilitate help-seeking, such as the support of a significant other or the positive influence of a general practitioner (SOM, 2018). However, because of the quantitative nature of most of these studies, they generally cannot explain how these factors facilitate men's help-seeking process. This current study aims to acquire a better understanding of how these factors simultaneously encourage men to seek help when they experience hardships and facilitate the help-seeking process. To achieve this objective, a qualitative, exploratory study has been carried out with 10 men who have consulted a therapist for personal problems. A thematic analysis, based on Gross and McMullen's (1983) three-step model of the help-seeking process, was used to analyze the data. This research found that while various factors have facilitated each of the three steps of the participants' help-seeking process, others facilitated participant engagement in the psychosocial process after the initial contact with health services. Overall, the findings confirm what was already known in the scientific literature regarding factors that can make men's help-seeking easier. Furthermore, they provide additional knowledge on some of those factors, such as strategies used by a general practitioner to convince a man to see a psychosocial professional or a father's observation that his problems also have consequences on his children. Finally, the results make it possible to put forward some possible solutions to facilitate men's help-seeking process, mostly regarding the use of social marketing to target certain groups of men and the necessity to raise general practitioner's awareness of how they can encourage men to seek psychological help.