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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Homotopies and Deformation Retracts

Stark, William D. (William David) 12 1900 (has links)
This paper introduces the background concepts necessary to develop a detailed proof of a theorem by Ralph H. Fox which states that two topological spaces are the same homotopy type if and only if both are deformation retracts of a third space, the mapping cylinder. The concepts of homotopy and deformation are introduced in chapter 2, and retraction and deformation retract are defined in chapter 3. Chapter 4 develops the idea of the mapping cylinder, and the proof is completed. Three special cases are examined in chapter 5.
2

Analyse globale de systèmes mécaniques non-linéaires - Application à la dynamique des rotors

Sarrouy, Emmanuelle 22 October 2008 (has links) (PDF)
La naissance de ce sujet de thèse a été motivée par la volonté de plus en plus importante d'introduire des non-linéarités dans les modèles afin de mieux rendre compte du comportement de structures toujours plus complexes. Ceci aboutit à l'écriture de systèmes dynamiques non-linéaires pouvant présenter des solutions de nature complexe (solutions périodiques mais aussi quasi-périodique voire chaotique) et pouvant coexister. L'enjeu d'une modélisation étant la prédiction du comportement du système pour son dimensionnement notamment, il est nécessaire de pouvoir prédire toutes les solutions vers lesquelles pourra tendre la structure en fonctionnement.<br />Actuellement peu d'outils ou de méthodes sont dédiés à ce type d'analyse, dite globale, permettant d'exhiber toutes les solutions d'un système dynamique non-linéaire. Le parti est généralement pris de réaliser "un grand nombre de tirages" à l'aide d'algorithmes de recherche locale. Ceci peut amener à trouver effectivement toutes les solutions mais ne permet pas de garantir qu'on en possède la totalité et est généralement très coûteux numériquement. Notre principal objectif était donc de combler cette lacune en tentant de proposer des réponses satisfaisant à la fois au but théorique mais aussi à des contraintes pratiques liées aux ressources numériques requises pour les mettre en oeuvre.<br />Pour y parvenir, nous avons mis en oeuvre quatre types de méthodes : des méthodes de cell-mapping qui consiste en une discrétisation de l'espace d'états et du temps, des méthodes basées sur des tests d'exclusion appliqués à une cellule, des méthodes utilisant l'arithmétique des intervalles de façon à réduire et exclure des cellules et enfin, des méthodes requérant une approximation polynomiale des non-linéarités et une résolution du système par homotopie. Ces différentes méthodes ont été illustrées par le cas académique de l'oscillateur de Duffing, présentant une non-linéarité simple de façon à pouvoir les comparer, puis nous les avons appliquées à différents systèmes relatifs à la modélisation de la dynamique des machines tournantes.<br />Parallèlement à ce but principal, nous avons étudié des techniques de continuation - permettant de suivre l'évolution d'une solution lorsqu'un des paramètres du système varie - ainsi que les méthodes d'analyse de stabilité et de bifurcation dans le cas des solutions constantes et périodiques. Ce second volet permet par exemple d'établir les fonctions de réponse en fréquence de structures non-linéaires sur lesquelles on fait apparaître les cycles limites en cas d'instabilité.
3

Improving the robustness with modified bounded homotopies and problem-tailored solving procedures

Malinen, I. (Ilkka) 11 January 2011 (has links)
Abstract The aim of this work is to improve the overall robustness in equation-oriented chemical engineering simulation work. Because the performance of locally convergent solving methods is strongly dependent on a favourable initial guess, bounded homotopy methods were investigated as a way to enlarge the domain of convergence. Bounded homotopies make it possible to keep the homotopy path inside a feasible problem domain. Thus the fatal errors possibly caused by unfeasible variable values in thermodynamic subroutines can be avoided. To enable the utilization of a narrow bounding zone, modifications were proposed for bounded homotopies. The performance of the modifications was studied with simple test problems and several types of distillation systems in the MATLAB environment. The findings illustrate that modified bounded homotopies with variables mapping make it possible to bound the homotopy path strictly to run inside a feasible problem domain. The homotopy path can be tracked accurately and flexibly also inside a narrow bounding zone. It was also noticed that by utilizing the concept of bounding the homotopy path with respect to the homotopy parameter, the possibility of approaching starting point and solution multiplicities is increased in cases where the traditional problem-independent homotopy method fails. The concept aims to connect separate homotopy path branches thus offering a trackable path with real space arithmetic. Even though the modified bounded homotopies were found to overcome several challenges often encountered with traditional problem-independent homotopy continuation methods, alone they are not enough to guarantee that the solution is approached from an arbitrary starting point. Therefore, problem-tailored solving procedures were implemented in the consideration of complex column configurations. Problem-tailored solving procedures aim to offer feasible consecutive sub-problems and thus direct the solving towards the state distribution that fulfils exact product purity specifications. As a whole, the modified bounded homotopies and problem-tailored solving procedures were found to improve the overall robustness of an equation-oriented solving approach. Thus the threshold for designing and implementing complex process systems such as complex distillation configurations for practical use could be lowered.
4

Homotopias e aplicações / Homotopies and applications

Quemel, Taísa Fernanda de Lima [UNESP] 26 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by TAÍSA FERNANDA DE LIMA QUEMEL null (taisafernanda.10@hotmail.com) on 2016-03-10T20:25:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão final_Dissertação_Taísa Quemel.pdf: 674351 bytes, checksum: 3498053a8bb53e50ac3119a10d45a0c5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-03-11T12:17:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 quemel_tfl_me_sjrp.pdf: 674351 bytes, checksum: 3498053a8bb53e50ac3119a10d45a0c5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-11T12:17:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 quemel_tfl_me_sjrp.pdf: 674351 bytes, checksum: 3498053a8bb53e50ac3119a10d45a0c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar que πn(X) é sempre abeliano quando n ≥ 2 e que π1(X) é abeliano quando X for um H-espaço e por fim calcular alguns grupos de homotopia utilizando sequência exata de uma fibração. / The goal of this work is to show that πn(X) is always abelian when n ≥ 2 and that π1(X) is abelian when X is an H-space and finally calculate some homotopy groups using the exact sequence of a fibration.

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