The concept of Hopf-Galois extensions was introduced by S. Chase and M. Sweedler in 1969 and provides a generalisation of classical Galois theory. Later, Hopf-Galois theory for separable extensions of fields was studied by C. Greither and B. Pareigis. They showed how to recast the problem of classifying all Hopf-Galois structures on a finite separable extension of fields as a problem in group theory. Many major advances relating to the classification of Hopf-Galois structures were made by N. Byott, S. Carnahan, L. Childs, and T. Kohl. On the other hand, and seemingly unrelated to Hopf-Galois theory, in 1992 V. Drinfeld formulated a number of problems in quantum group theory. In particular, he suggested considering set-theoretic solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation. Later, W. Rump introduced braces as a tool to study non-degenerate involutive set-theoretic solutions, and through the efforts of D. Bachiller, F. Ced'o, E. Jespers, and J. Okni'nski the classification of these solutions was reduced to that of braces. Recently, skew braces were introduced by L. Guarnieri and L. Vendramin in order to study the non-degenerate (not necessarily involutive) set-theoretic solutions. Additionally, a fruitful discovery, initially noticed by D. Bachiller, revealed a connection between Hopf-Galois theory and skew braces, which linked the classification of Hopf-Galois structures to that of skew braces. Currently, the classification of Hopf-Galois structures and skew braces of a given order remains among important topics of research. In this thesis, as our main results, we determine all Hopf-Galois structures on Galois extensions of fields of degree p^3, and at the same time we provide a complete classification of all skew braces of order p^3, for a prime number p. These findings hence offer applications to Galois module theory in number theory on the one hand, and to the study of the solutions of the quantum Yang-Baxter equation in mathematical physics on the other hand.

We deal with a free boundary problem for a nonlinear parabolic equation, which includes a parameter in the free boundary condition. This type of system has been used in models of ecological systems, in chemical reactor theory and other kinds of propagation phenomena involving reactions and diffusion. The main purpose of this dissertation is to show the global existence, uniqueness of solutions and that a Hopf bifurcation occurs at a critical value of the parameter r. The existence and uniqueness of the solution for this problem are shown by finding an equivalent regular free boundary problem to which existence results can be applied. We then show that as the bifurcation parameter r decreases and passes through a critical value rc, the stationary solution loses stability and a stable periodic solution appears. Several figures have been included, which illustrate this transistion. The pascal source program used in the numerical simulation is included in an appendix.

Dans cette thèse, nous étudions des théories homologiques et cohomologiques adaptées aux algèbres de Hopf.<br />Dans un premier temps, nous unifions diverses théories cohomologiques pour les algèbres de Hopf. Deux d'entre elles ont été introduites par M. Gerstenhaber et S.D. Schack; l'une est sans coefficients et elle est liée à la cohomologie qui permet d'étudier les déformations d'une algèbre de Hopf, l'autre est une théorie à coefficients (qui sont des bimodules de Hopf). La troisième est une généralisation de la cohomologie qui a été définie par C. Ospel, il s'agit aussi d'une théorie à coefficients. Pour unifier ces théories, nous les identifions au foncteur Ext sur une algèbre associative définie par C. Cibils et M. Rosso qui est une ``algèbre enveloppante'' associée à l'algèbre de Hopf. Nous établissons ensuite des formules explicites pour un cup-produit sur deux de ces cohomologies, et montrons que ce produit correspond au produit de Yoneda des extensions. Nous montrons aussi la Morita invariance de ces cohomologies.<br />La deuxième partie de la thèse est consacrée à l'étude d'une homologie cyclique pour les algèbres de Hopf. Il s'agit d'une version duale de la cohomologie qu'ont introduite A. Connes et H. Moscovici. Nous en étudions des propriétés, puis considérons le cas des algèbres de groupe. Nous interprétons certaines décompositions (de Burghelea et de Karoubi-Villamayor) de l'homologie cyclique classique d'une algèbre de groupe en termes d'homologie cyclique de Connes et Moscovici. Nous établissons ensuite une formule de décomposition (semblable à celle de Karoubi-Villamayor) de l'homologie cyclique d'une algèbre de Hopf cocommutative (qui généralise un résultat de Khalkhali et Rangipour).<br />Enfin, nous calculons quelques exemples d'homologies: l'homologie cyclique classique des algèbres de carquois tronquées, ainsi que l'homologie cyclique de Connes et Moscovici dans le cas particulier des algèbres de Taft. Nous calculons aussi l'homologie de Hochschild et l'homologie cyclique classique des algèbres d'Auslander des algèbres de Taft.

No description available.

We construct a new operation among representations of the symmetric group that interpolates between the classical internal and external products, which are defined in terms of tensor product and induction of representations. Following Malvenuto and Reutenauer, we pass from symmetric functions to non-commutative symmetric functions and from there to the algebra of permutations in order to relate the internal and external products to the composition and convolution of linear endomorphisms of the tensor algebra. The new product we construct corresponds to the Heisenberg product of endomorphisms of the tensor algebra. For symmetric functions, the Heisenberg product is given by a construction which combines induction and restriction of representations. For non-commutative symmetric functions, the structure constants of the Heisenberg product are given by an explicit combinatorial rule which extends a well-known result of Garsia, Remmel, Reutenauer, and Solomon for the descent algebra. We describe the dual operation among quasi-symmetric functions in terms of alphabets.

Akademisk avhandling--Matematik--Lunds universitet, 2000. / Bibliogr. 1 p.

Thèse de doctorat : Mathématiques : Strasbourg 1 : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 107-109.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2002. / Bibliography: leaves 127-130.

No description available.

Univ., Diss., 2001--Liverpool