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Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:23:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TaniaDeSouzaFarias.pdf: 409062 bytes, checksum: 154f204aa9cc212ec7064f63209a81ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-28 / The discovery of antimicrobials provided a significant reduction in infections and promoted a significant improvement in the population s quality of life. However, this reality provoked an inadequate use of these medicines, and consequently, the appearance of lineages of bacteria resistant to the action of antibiotics. Clinical usage of antimicrobials in hospitals brings individual and collective consequences because it affects the individual who uses this pharmaceutical and the microbiology of the hospital atmosphere. Thus, the main objective was to get to know the patterns of antimicrobial usage in the public hospital. A transversal study was performed, in which all prescriptions of the patients in the different clinics of the hospital who used an antimicrobial agent during internment were analyzed. Therapeutic use of antimicrobials represented 89% of the cases studied in pediatrics. Prophylactic usage occurred in all of the maternity and surgery cases, and in 81% of the clinical oncology cases. Antimicrobial consumption was primarily prophylactic, being first generation cephalosporin the most prescribed pharmaceutical. Therapeutic usage occurred principally in pediatrics and the most prescribed medications were penicillin, gentamicine and chloramphenicol. Empiric therapeutics was predominant. Inadequate use of chloramphenicol and the need for controlling measures in the usage of antimicrobials were observed in the different clinics. / A descoberta dos antimicrobianos proporcionou a redução significativa das infecções e promoveu uma melhora significativa na qualidade de vida da população. Entretanto, essa realidade ocasionou o uso inadequado desses medicamentos e conseqüentemente o surgimento de cepas de bactérias resistentes à ação dos antibióticos. O uso clínico de antimicrobianos em hospitais tem conseqüências individuais e coletivas, pois afeta o indivíduo que faz uso desse fármaco, e a microbiota do ambiente hospitalar. Desse modo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi conhecer os padrões de uso de antimicrobianos em um hospital público. Realizou-se um estudo transversal, no qual foram analisadas todas as prescrições dos pacientes das diferentes clínicas do hospital que fizeram uso algum agente antimicrobiano durante a internação. O uso terapêutico de antimicrobianos representou 89% dos casos estudados na pediatria. O uso profilático ocorreu em todos os casos da maternidade e da Ala cirúrgica, e em 81% da clínica oncológica. O consumo de antimicrobianos foi principalmente profilático sendo as cefalosporinas de primeira geração os fármacos mais prescritos. O uso terapêutico ocorreu principalmente na pediatria e os fármacos mais prescritos foram penicilinas, gentamicina e cloranfenicol. A terapêutica empírica foi predominante. Observou-se o uso inadequado de cloranfenicol nas diferentes clínicas e a necessidade de medidas de controle do uso de antimicrobianos.

In this study, the utilization of palliative care services, acute care services, and location of death for clients who were palliative and receiving services from Champlain Community Care Access Centre (CCAC) in Ontario during their last month of life were investigated. An adaptation of Andersen?s Behavioral Model of Health Services Utilization provided context and structure to this study. This is an historical, quantitative descriptive study using chart audits for data collection. The data on CCAC clients who were palliative and who died during the month of July 2009 were tracked during their last month of life. Collection of socio-demographic data, services provided through CCAC, emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and location of death provided the data for this study. The clients who died at home used more CCAC services than those who died at other locations and frequently community palliative care physicians provided their medical care. The findings of this study included: 1) The majority of the clients, who expressed a preference, died in their preferred location. 2) The role of community palliative care physicians was an important component of the services that supported the clients to die in their location of choice. 3) Over 25% of the study sample died in a hospital and the clients used a large number of in-patient hospital days with one quarter of the hospital deaths taking place in an emergency department or an intensive care unit. 4) During the last month of life, 25% of the clients received chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. 5) The clients who died at home used more CCAC services than those who died in other locations and who used institutional resources. The implications for practice, policy, research, and education are discussed.

In this study, the utilization of palliative care services, acute care services, and location of death for clients who were palliative and receiving services from Champlain Community Care Access Centre (CCAC) in Ontario during their last month of life were investigated. An adaptation of Andersen?s Behavioral Model of Health Services Utilization provided context and structure to this study. This is an historical, quantitative descriptive study using chart audits for data collection. The data on CCAC clients who were palliative and who died during the month of July 2009 were tracked during their last month of life. Collection of socio-demographic data, services provided through CCAC, emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and location of death provided the data for this study. The clients who died at home used more CCAC services than those who died at other locations and frequently community palliative care physicians provided their medical care. The findings of this study included: 1) The majority of the clients, who expressed a preference, died in their preferred location. 2) The role of community palliative care physicians was an important component of the services that supported the clients to die in their location of choice. 3) Over 25% of the study sample died in a hospital and the clients used a large number of in-patient hospital days with one quarter of the hospital deaths taking place in an emergency department or an intensive care unit. 4) During the last month of life, 25% of the clients received chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. 5) The clients who died at home used more CCAC services than those who died in other locations and who used institutional resources. The implications for practice, policy, research, and education are discussed.

In this study, the utilization of palliative care services, acute care services, and location of death for clients who were palliative and receiving services from Champlain Community Care Access Centre (CCAC) in Ontario during their last month of life were investigated. An adaptation of Andersen?s Behavioral Model of Health Services Utilization provided context and structure to this study. This is an historical, quantitative descriptive study using chart audits for data collection. The data on CCAC clients who were palliative and who died during the month of July 2009 were tracked during their last month of life. Collection of socio-demographic data, services provided through CCAC, emergency department visits, hospital admissions, and location of death provided the data for this study. The clients who died at home used more CCAC services than those who died at other locations and frequently community palliative care physicians provided their medical care. The findings of this study included: 1) The majority of the clients, who expressed a preference, died in their preferred location. 2) The role of community palliative care physicians was an important component of the services that supported the clients to die in their location of choice. 3) Over 25% of the study sample died in a hospital and the clients used a large number of in-patient hospital days with one quarter of the hospital deaths taking place in an emergency department or an intensive care unit. 4) During the last month of life, 25% of the clients received chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. 5) The clients who died at home used more CCAC services than those who died in other locations and who used institutional resources. The implications for practice, policy, research, and education are discussed.