Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alberta, 1998. / "Spring 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 253-269). Also issued online.

Thesis (D. Min.)--New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 1995. / Includes abstract and vita. "March 1995." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-149 i.e. [144]-151]).

Thesis (M.S. in geology)--Washington State University, May 2010. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on May 21, 2010). "School of Earth and Environmental Sciences." Includes bibliographical references.

South Africa is endowed with hot springs, some operating as resorts. Some hot springs are either totally undeveloped or were developed in the past but now collapsed now in disuse. The main objective of this study was to identity competitive factors that contributed to the success or failure of the resorts as tourism destination. A multifaceted approach was used to gather data from three thermal springs located in Vhembe District Municipality in Limpopo, namely, Tshipise, Mphephu and Sagole, through personal observation, field trips, informal discussion, interviews with specific individuals, group interviews, published and unpublished literature. The data generated was analysed using Likert type scale as well as scoring the presence and absence of competitive elements to compare the success factors of the three resorts. Tourism Destination Competitiveness was used as a proxy indicator of successful development of the resorts. The results indicate that Tshipise was very successful, Mphephu less so and Sagole was declining. Elements that require improvement identified and recommendations were made to rejuvenate Sagole. / (M.Sc. Environmental Management)

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Spring water inflow is distinct at Pah Tempe Hot Springs (also known as Dixie Hot Springs) situated within the damage zone of the Hurricane Fault in Timpoweap Canyon in Hurricane, Utah. Excising of the footwall by the Virgin River has created Timpoweap Canyon and allowed an unusual opportunity to study the spring inflow in relation to the fault damage zone. While correlation of these springs with the damage zone and visible fracture patterns on the canyon wall has been made, no subsurface faulting has been imaged to verify connection to these visible fractures and spring inflows (Nelson et al., 2009). The stream was logged and contoured to note the varying locations of spring water inflows in contrast with unsaturated Virgin River water. Seismic surveys were conducted and subsurface profiles made to locate offsets and faults. Photogrammetry was conducted and a three-dimensional model of the canyon and cliff wall was created to facilitate remote fracture mapping of this wallSubsurface features correlate to fractures, spring water inflow locations, and surface faults mapped by Biek (2002). This suggests that faulting and fracturing from the Hurricane Fault provides subsurface conduits for these thermal waters to rise. In one area in the stream, thermal inflow correlates with both subsurface offsets and major surface fractures. Numerous correlations between just spring water entry and subsurface offsets or surface fractures are also found. Fracture and fault density is atypical at Pah Tempe as these features do not diminish with distance from the main strand of the fault. This has led to the Sevier Orogeny accounting for creating the observed fracture conduits at Pah Tempe. Fractures in the canyon wall at Pah Tempe open west to east. This is indicative of the maximum horizontal compressive stress of southern Utah being north to south (Zoback and Zoback, 2015). Therefore the spring inflow at Pah Tempe is likely a result of the damage from the Hurricane Fault creating conduits for spring water to rise, rather than the Sevier Orogeny.

This thesis surveys the long human history of Hot Springs Cove, British Columbia, a small inlet on the west coast of Vancouver Island (formerly known as Refuge Cove). The study spans the period from the arrival of the earliest indigenous inhabitants, at about 10,000 years ago, to the present day, and draws upon archeological research, archival documents, other local histories, and ethnographic studies of Nuu-chah-nulth society, as well as some original interviews with contemporary users and inhabitants of the area. Geographically, the study focuses primarily on the immediate vicinity of the Cove, and the territory of its traditional inhabitants, the Manhousaht. However, the lens of analysis is widened very regularly to encompass the larger region of Clayoquot and Nootka Sounds, bringing in the perspectives and experiences of neighbouring groups such as the Hesquiaht, Ahousaht and Tla-o-qui-aht, as well as non-indigenous settlers in communities like Tofino. Periodically, the lens pulls away still further, to examine influential national and global trends. This thesis has two key objectives. First, it aims to be a comprehensive, academically-sound survey of a place rich in history but only mentioned intermittently in other sources. The hybridization of micro-historical techniques and a local history approach is intended to ensure adequate contextualization and analysis, while also preserving rich and engaging detail. Engagement, it must be said, is the other key goal. From the outset, the author has aimed to create a publicly-accessible work of public history intended to be read by a wide audience who, it is hoped, will learn much about the experiences and impact of colonization on the West Coast. To maximize this learning, four broad didactic themes are traced throughout the narrative. Exploring ‘perceptions of place’, this thesis illustrates how differing worldviews led the Nuu-chah-nulth and Euro-Canadian settlers to interact very differently with the same landscape. By tracing changes in ‘human-environment interaction’, this study aims to shed light on the destructive pattern of repeated resource-overexploitation that emerged post-contact. Examination of ‘colonization as a process’ lays bare the steady re-conceptualization and re-shaping of the landscape and its inhabitants set in motion by the arrival of Europeans. At the same time, a consistent emphasis on ‘indigenous agency’ is meant to show how the Nuu-chah-nulth actively adapted to, resisted and even re-shaped colonial processes. Ultimately, the recent resurgence in Nuu-chah-nulth political and economic power is interpreted as laying the ground-work for a profound reshaping of local dynamics in the coming years. Broadly speaking, this thesis argues that the history of human settlement, colonization and interaction that occurred in and around Hot Springs Cove can serve as an informative microcosm of the larger forces, events, and patterns that shaped the entire region. It concludes with the author’s appeal for his neighbours – both indigenous and non – to seek to better understand each other’s history, reckon with the profound impacts of colonization, and work towards reconciliation and co-existence in a way that will preserve the area’s irreplaceable uniqueness. / Graduate

abstract: Utilizing both 16S and 18S rRNA sequencing alongside energetic calculations from geochemical measurements offers a bridged perspective of prokaryotic and eukaryotic community diversities and their relationships to geochemical diversity. Yellowstone National Park hot spring outflows from varied geochemical compositions, ranging in pH from < 2 to > 9 and in temperature from < 30°C to > 90°C, were sampled across the photosynthetic fringe, a transition in these outflows from exclusively chemosynthetic microbial communities to those that include photosynthesis. Illumina sequencing was performed to document the diversity of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes above, at, and below the photosynthetic fringe of twelve hot spring systems. Additionally, field measurements of dissolved oxygen, ferrous iron, and total sulfide were combined with laboratory analyses of sulfate, nitrate, total ammonium, dissolved inorganic carbon, dissolved methane, dissolved hydrogen, and dissolved carbon monoxide were used to calculate the available energy from 58 potential metabolisms. Results were ranked to identify those that yield the most energy according to the geochemical conditions of each system. Of the 46 samples taken across twelve systems, all showed the greatest energy yields using oxygen as the main electron acceptor, followed by nitrate. On the other hand, ammonium or ammonia, depending on pH, showed the greatest energy yields as an electron donor, followed by H2S or HS-. While some sequenced taxa reflect potential biotic participants in the sulfur cycle of these hot spring systems, many sample locations that yield the most energy from ammonium/ammonia oxidation have low relative abundances of known ammonium/ammonia oxidizers, indicating potentially untapped sources of chemotrophic energy or perhaps poorly understood metabolic capabilities of cultured chemotrophs. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Geological Sciences 2018