No description available.

First Progress Report, Period Covered June 14, 1971-November 15, 1971, for the "Lake Powell Project", Collaborative Research on Assessment of Man's Activities on the Lake Powell Region, to National Science Foundation, Research Applied to National Needs (RANN), Division of Environment Systems & Resources.

No description available.

Female migration in South Africa has been on the increase over the years. This thesis attempts to look at the demographic and socio-economic factors that drive this increase using data from the Africa Centre Demographic Information System (ACDIS) during the period 2001 and 2008. Using data that provides for timing of events such as migration and births, the study analyses the time it took females to migrate. Migration was defined as having out-migrated the Demographic Surveillance Area (DSA) and never coming back. Migration levels were found to be high with 28 per cent of the females between 15-49 years of age out-migrating from the DSA. Models were created to explore the demographic and socio-economic factors controlling for other known determinant of migration. In the logistic regression, odds ratios showed that parity and childbearing status were important predicators of female migration. Females with four children were less likely to out-migrate the DSA (a 61 per cent less chance of migrating compared to females without children). Furthermore, pregnant females were not likely to migrate (a 45 per cent less chance of migrating compared to females who are not pregnant or breastfeeding). In a survival analysis, determinants of timing of migration showed that females with high parities had a higher survivorships to out-migration, compared to females who were pregnant. Hazard ratios also showed that females with four children are not likely to migrate compared to females with four children (a 7 per cent less hazard of migrating compared to females with no children). Age, marital status and educational attainment were also found to be predictors of female migration. Older females were less likely to migrate compared to younger females (females in the 44-49 age group had a 70 per cent less hazard of migrating compared to females in the 15-19 age group). Currently married and cohabiting females had a 29 per cent less hazard of migrating compared to never married females. Females with high educational attainment were more likely to migrate compared to females without education (an 18 per cent higher hazard of migrating compared to females without education). The timing of migration showed that pregnant females migrate after five years into the start of their pregnancy (date of conception). In conclusion, females with many children and females who are pregnant or breastfeeding are not likely to migrate. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.

Contextual influence on movement was examined for a selection of everyday activities. Non-medicated and medicated Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and control subjects reached for a drinking glass target from both seated and standing postures, and stepped over a surface-level obstacle while walking on a constrained path. Contextual challenge was increased in the seated reach by filling the glass with water, in the standing reach by increasing the depth of the gap between the target and stationary foot position, and in the obstacle negotiation trials by raising the gait path surface above the floor level. In all cases, behaviour among PD patients was uniquely disrupted by contextual challenge. In addition, benefits of conventional medication therapy for PD patients were limited in challenging contexts. The results suggest an adapted movement control mechanism at work in PD patients, with the neural resources used in this adapted response prone for interference during contextual challenges. / xiv, 186 leaves ; 29 cm.

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No description available.

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which a novel assistive device improved two dimensional base of support (BOS) as compared to unassisted walking. Telescoping walking poles (T poles) are designed to allow a gait pattern more closely resembling unassisted gait and provide enhanced stability. Nine healthy male and female subjects who had no recent lower extremity pathology or surgery and were between the ages of 59 and 78 were recruited from the community to participate. Subjects were instructed to use the T poles in a consistent manner and were monitored through weekly supervised training sessions. At the conclusion of the study, motion analysis was performed using video collected from six cameras. Subjects were adorned with reflective markers on the toe and heel of their shoes as well as the tips of the T poles. These markers were used to define the BOS. Two dimensional analyses revealed a significant increase in base of support, an average of 316% over the entire gait cycle as well as 531% at heel strike and 126 % at toe off with the T poles. These results support the T poles as an effective intervention in enhancing stability in an elderly population of recreational walkers. / School of Physical Education

The purpose of this study was to assess the social climate of different size churches and the relationship between social climate, member satisfaction, and church size. This study has investigated the extent to which (1) church member satisfaction is affected by social climate and church size and (2) the extent to which social climate is affected by church size. The social climate is the unique "personality" of a setting that gives it clarity and coherence (Moos, 1974b). The data were collected at different size churches. The sample consisted of a random sample for each church of those who completed a "church satisfaction questionnaire," which included demographic information, and the Group Environment Scale (Moos, 1986). There were 50 respondents for each church included in the sample. The sample included 114 men and 136 women. One hundred seventy eight were married and 170 reported having children. Two hundred fourteen considered themselves a member of their church.Previous research indicates satisfaction is influenced by both a setting's social climate and its size. Social climate dimensions that seem to influence member satisfaction are "cohesion," "leader support," "task orientation," "autonomy," and "innovation." Staffing theory suggests that size is also related to satisfaction. Small settings are presumed to be "understaffed" and those in understaffed settings are likely to report more feelings of satisfaction.The results of this study indicated that churches characterized by greater perceived "cohesion," "leader support," "task orientation," and "innovation" tended to have members who were more satisfied. The linear composite of these variables was statistically significant (p < .05) and identified 43.89% of the variance of the satisfaction measure. Results suggest that understanding the church social climate is helpful in understanding its members. Implications of these results relevant for church leaders are discussed.Contrary to what was anticipated, size was not a predictor of church satisfaction. The failure of size to predict church satisfaction is discussed in terms of staffing theory (Wicker, 1979a).The fact that certain social climate dimensions are. related to church member satisfaction is encouraging and justifies further research in this area. Ideas warranted for further research are developed. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Mapping studies of the centromeric region of the human Y chromosome Construction of a map of a human centromeric region is very important in order to understand the organisation of this essential part of the chromosome. A YAC contig map has been assembled of the pericentric 10 Mb of the human Y chromosome, giving coverage of Yp from the large X-Y homologous region through to the alphoid satellite of the centromere, and from the alphoid DNA to the proximal unique sequences on Yq. The Yp map has one remaining gap between TSPY1 and the AMELY region, while two gaps separate the satellite region on Yq from the other two contigs. After constructing the map, the known genes were localised to the region. One Yq gene, DFFRY, was discounted as a potential anti-Turner syndrome gene by analysis of rearranged Y chromosomes. Detection of a block of duplicated sequence on Yp led to the confirmation of the existence of an inversion polymorphism, which was then found to be correlated with a major subclass of sex-reversed individuals, who have X-Y chromosomal breakpoints within the inverted region. These results not only give a far more extensive and detailed map of this region than before, but also show that understanding the organisation of the region has important consequences for a number of genetic disorders.