Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on September 14, 207) Includes bibliographical references.

Halvadzic, S. 2015. Ethics in Archaeology: Treatment of human remains with comparisons between Sweden and the US. BA thesis in archaeology. Linnaeus University.  The main aim in this thesis is to analyse how ethical dilemmas concerning human remains are created within the subject of archaeology and how they are processed and handled. Additionally there will be four actual cases presented within this study that will contribute to the illustration of how previous situations of this sort has been dealt with and the analysis of these cases will affirm how it has affected the lives and work of people today. The cases presented will be Soejvengeelle, the remains from Rounala, the Kennewick man and the La Jolla remains, and there will also be comparisons made between Sweden and the US. Furthermore the primary method of collecting empirical data is based on the hermeneutical perspective and the theories used for the study are deontology and utilitarianism. The analysis introduces the subject of who should rightfully own cultural heritage. Different groups are discussed and the reasons why, such as the foundations for our identity and the rights to claim our ancestors and practice religious beliefs. Thereafter the archaeologists work is presented and how ethical dilemmas affect this work and prevents further information from being gained and shared with the world. Finally the differences between Sweden and the US are compared where weaknesses and strengths are highlighted. In conclusion there must be balance between the public and the archaeologists. Neither can truly function without the other and it is important to be respectful and understanding on this matter. There is also no one, perfect method of handling these situations which means that neither Sweden nor the US are superior in any aspect.

The identification of metabolic diseases is a crucial aspect of osteoarchaeological analysis and of paleopathological studies. This study is specifically concerned with the study of scurvy and its bony manifestation. This investigation considers the recognition of the bony lesions of scurvy in adult skeletons that originate from English archaeological contexts dating to the Post Medieval period. In order to identify scorbutic bony lesions, assemblages were analysed that derived from the Georgian period Navy that were known to suffer from endemic scurvy, namely Haslar hospital near Portsmouth and Stonehouse hospital in Plymouth. These assemblages were complemented by two Non-Naval skeletal collections of a broadly contemporaneous time period, one of which was a prison assemblage from Oxford Castle in Oxford and the other was from Darwen, Lancashire and consisted of a Primitive Methodist cemetery. For the purpose of this study, an extensive literature review was carried out and a specially modified scurvy recording form was created. In total three hundred and fifty-eight skeletons were analysed using the scurvy recording form on which a total of twenty-one potential scorbutic indicators were scored. The data was then subject to statistical analysis and a set of primary and secondary scorbutic indicators was established. The primary scorbutic lesions were femur, sphenoid, posterior maxilla, scapula, endocranial and mandible. Nine secondary lesions were also established and these were lesions of the foot, humerus, ulna, radius, hand, clavicle, innominate, fibula and the ectocranial surface of the skull. In total, 66.7% of the Haslar assemblage was found to have suffered from scurvy, followed by Plymouth with 20.6%, Darwen with 16.4% and Oxford Castle with 7.9%. It was found that scurvy could be identified in adult skeletal material through the recognition of a number of lesions that could not be attributed to any other disease process. The results indicated that scurvy was present in all of the skeletal collections studied but was more common in the Naval assemblages. This is an important development in the detection of scurvy in the archaeological record and is crucial in the reconstruction of past diets and metabolic disease patterns.

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