No description available.

The purpose of my study is to create a compact, portable nail gun. The nail gun is to be used in tight spaces where hammers, pneumatic nail guns, and portable nail guns will not fit. The intended market is for homeowners renovating their houses. The short length and lightweight, compact frame make the CNG7 ideal for this market. The CNG7 is designed with minimum material waste and fewer parts than other nail guns. / Master of Architecture

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Background: A number of treatment options are available for diaphyseal non-unions of the tibia, including intramedullary (IM) nailing. An infrapatellar entry point with the knee in deep flexion can make this procedure challenging, especially with associated deformity or an obliterated canal. The suprapatellar approach allows nail insertion with the knee extended, which facilitates correction of malalignment in the sagittal and coronal planes. The aim of our study was to review the outcome of diaphyseal tibia non-unions, treated with an intramedullary nail, using the suprapatellar approach. Method: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases with non-union of the tibial shaft, treated with a suprapatellar entry nail between May 2016 and January 2018. Patients who were previously managed with a nail or who had active sepsis were excluded. The rate and time to union, as well as complications were assessed. Results: Thirteen cases were included and followed up until union at a mean of 5.8 months. All were performed percutaneously, without opening of the non-union site. Two patients developed complications, although bony union was still achieved. Conclusion: A suprapatellar entry tibial nail is an acceptable treatment option for tibial non-unions not previously treated with a nail.

No description available.

Aims and objectives: The general aim of this study was to determine the personal respiratory exposure and biological monitoring of manganese (Mn) present in welding fumes as well as its neurological influence on welders. The objectives of this study were: (i) to assess the respiratory exposure of welders to Mn present in welding fumes; (ii) to assess the biological Mn load of welders via the use of nail clippings; (iii) to establish possible correlations between respiratory exposure to Mn and its presence in nail clippings, and (iv) to determine the possible difference in finger dexterity and coordination between Mn exposed welders and a control group. Methods: A gravimetrical method was used to determine the respiratory exposure of welders. A cassette containing a 0.8-μm, cellulose ester membrane filter, attached to the side of a welding helmet provided, was connected via a stainless steel fitting to the inside (respiratory zone) of the helmet. Chemical analysis (metal content) of the welding fumes was done according to the NIOSH 7300 method, using Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma, Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Nail clippings were collected at the beginning and end of the study to determine the Mn level in the nails in both welders as well as paired controls. The nails were deposited into small, plastic vials and also analysed according to the NIOSH 7300 method. A Perdue pegboard and mirror drawing test was also conducted to determine the influence of Mn exposure on finger dexterity and hand-eye coordination of welders. Results: Mn exposure in the welding fumes did not exceed the occupational exposure limit – recommended limit (OEL-RL) (1 mg/m3) of the Regulations for Hazardous Chemical Substances (RHCS), although two of these exposures exceeded the action level (0.5 mg/m3). No statistical significant correlations were found between the Mn respiratory exposure and the Mn found in the nails of the welders. Mn in the nails of exposed welders was statistical significantly higher (p = 0.003) than that of controls. The only statistical significant differences found in the motor function tests between the controls and welders were the test which was done by using their non-dominant hand in the beginning of the study (p = 0.016) and when the non-dominant hand values were pooled (p = 0.012). The usage of both hands simultaneously showed results that leaned toward statistical significant decrease of the welders compared to the control subjects (p = 0.090). In all these cases the controls inserted more pins than the welders. Only one moderately positive correlation (r = 0.612; p = 0.02) was found between Mn in the welding fumes and the number of errors made in the mirror drawing coordination test done by the welders. Discussion and Conclusions: The Mn in the nails of the control group was significantly lower than the Mn in the nails of the welders. This indicates that Mn respiratory exposure may influence Mn body burden although no correlation between Mn in welding fumes and Mn in nails were found. Nail Mn may serve as a biomarker to determine Mn body burden. Only the use of the non-dominant hand of the control subjects compared to the welders showed a significant decrease in finger dexterity of the welders. The moderately positive association between the Mn in the welding fumes and the number of errors made in the mirror drawing coordination test done by the welders indicates that with an increase in Mn in welding fumes, a decrease in hand-eye coordination will occur. It can be concluded that welders’ finger dexterity and hand-eye coordination may be influenced by the exposure to Mn in the welding fumes. / Thesis (MSc (Occupational Hygiene))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

Aims and objectives: The general aim of this study was to determine the personal respiratory exposure and biological monitoring of manganese (Mn) present in welding fumes as well as its neurological influence on welders. The objectives of this study were: (i) to assess the respiratory exposure of welders to Mn present in welding fumes; (ii) to assess the biological Mn load of welders via the use of nail clippings; (iii) to establish possible correlations between respiratory exposure to Mn and its presence in nail clippings, and (iv) to determine the possible difference in finger dexterity and coordination between Mn exposed welders and a control group. Methods: A gravimetrical method was used to determine the respiratory exposure of welders. A cassette containing a 0.8-μm, cellulose ester membrane filter, attached to the side of a welding helmet provided, was connected via a stainless steel fitting to the inside (respiratory zone) of the helmet. Chemical analysis (metal content) of the welding fumes was done according to the NIOSH 7300 method, using Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma, Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Nail clippings were collected at the beginning and end of the study to determine the Mn level in the nails in both welders as well as paired controls. The nails were deposited into small, plastic vials and also analysed according to the NIOSH 7300 method. A Perdue pegboard and mirror drawing test was also conducted to determine the influence of Mn exposure on finger dexterity and hand-eye coordination of welders. Results: Mn exposure in the welding fumes did not exceed the occupational exposure limit – recommended limit (OEL-RL) (1 mg/m3) of the Regulations for Hazardous Chemical Substances (RHCS), although two of these exposures exceeded the action level (0.5 mg/m3). No statistical significant correlations were found between the Mn respiratory exposure and the Mn found in the nails of the welders. Mn in the nails of exposed welders was statistical significantly higher (p = 0.003) than that of controls. The only statistical significant differences found in the motor function tests between the controls and welders were the test which was done by using their non-dominant hand in the beginning of the study (p = 0.016) and when the non-dominant hand values were pooled (p = 0.012). The usage of both hands simultaneously showed results that leaned toward statistical significant decrease of the welders compared to the control subjects (p = 0.090). In all these cases the controls inserted more pins than the welders. Only one moderately positive correlation (r = 0.612; p = 0.02) was found between Mn in the welding fumes and the number of errors made in the mirror drawing coordination test done by the welders. Discussion and Conclusions: The Mn in the nails of the control group was significantly lower than the Mn in the nails of the welders. This indicates that Mn respiratory exposure may influence Mn body burden although no correlation between Mn in welding fumes and Mn in nails were found. Nail Mn may serve as a biomarker to determine Mn body burden. Only the use of the non-dominant hand of the control subjects compared to the welders showed a significant decrease in finger dexterity of the welders. The moderately positive association between the Mn in the welding fumes and the number of errors made in the mirror drawing coordination test done by the welders indicates that with an increase in Mn in welding fumes, a decrease in hand-eye coordination will occur. It can be concluded that welders’ finger dexterity and hand-eye coordination may be influenced by the exposure to Mn in the welding fumes. / Thesis (MSc (Occupational Hygiene))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

No description available.

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Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2015-03-27T12:29:37Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Carla de Resende - 2014.pdf: 2346223 bytes, checksum: e2a510c6f6e95ab521cba058ea87a7cc (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Rejected by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com), reason: Erro de sistema no arquivo on 2015-03-27T12:38:21Z (GMT) / Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2015-03-27T12:50:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Carla de Resende - 2014.pdf: 2346223 bytes, checksum: e2a510c6f6e95ab521cba058ea87a7cc (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-03-27T15:35:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Carla de Resende - 2014.pdf: 2346223 bytes, checksum: e2a510c6f6e95ab521cba058ea87a7cc (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-27T15:35:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Carla de Resende - 2014.pdf: 2346223 bytes, checksum: e2a510c6f6e95ab521cba058ea87a7cc (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Retaining structures with nails have been used in recent decades to contain excavation works in several Brazilian cities, including Goiânia. The nails are made of steel bars inserted in inclined or horizontal drilling, with small diameter and involved in cement grout, to ensure the stability of vertical excavations by frictional forces developed in the contact between the soil and nail. Therefore, it is important to understand this friction to design retaining structures. There are lots of calculation methods proposed by many authors to design nails and verify the stability of these structures. The main objective of this work was to review some calculation methods, conduct pullout tests in the field and laboratory tests with samples taken in situ, to evaluate calculation methodologies or parameters that best apply to the soil studied in Goiânia. Among several proposals to estimate the media shear stress in the soil-nail interface (qs) based on SPT, that showed better results in this paper are those from graph lower limit proposed by Ortigão e Palmeira (1997), Springer (2006) and a proposal based on Décourt & Quaresma (1978) to calculate pile lateral friction, using the proper parameter b. Other propositions based on soil type and parameters of the soil that showed good fits were Wong (1995) and Juran et al. (1990). The relation between qs and the shear stress of soil (ts) resulted values between 0,55 and 0,85. Displacement readings were performed during loading and unloading phase, was observed that for small loads, plastic deformations occured in the nail, so is recommended in cases of nail’s numerical analyzes adopt elastic-plastic models. Predictions of nail's elastic deformation, based on piles theory showed good results, however significant plastic deformation occured in nails. The results of shear tests were compared with the pullout tests, indicating that the reduction factor of laboratory results is necessary. / Estruturas de contenção com utilização de grampos têm sido cada vez mais empregadas nas últimas décadas com intuito de conter grandes escavações em diversas cidades brasileiras, incluindo Goiânia. Os grampos consistem em barras de aço introduzidas em perfurações inclinadas ou horizontais de pequeno diâmetro e posterior injeção de calda de cimento, de forma a garantir a estabilidade de escavações verticais pelas forças de atrito desenvolvidas no contato solo-grampo. Sendo assim, é fundamental o conhecimento deste atrito para o dimensionamento destas contenções. Existem vários métodos de cálculo propostos por diversos autores para o dimensionamento de grampos e verificação da estabilidade dessas estruturas. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi o de revisar alguns desses métodos de cálculo, realizar ensaios de arrancamento em campo e também ensaios em laboratório com amostras retiradas de uma obra com múltiplos subsolos, para avaliar as metodologias de cálculo ou parâmetros que melhor se aplicam aos solos estudados da cidade de Goiânia. Dentre as diversas proposições para estimativa da tensão cisalhante média no contato sologrampo (qs) aquelas baseadas em ensaio SPT que obtiveram melhores resultados neste trabalho foram o limite inferior do gráfico proposto por Ortigão e Palmeira (1997), Springer (2006) e uma proposição baseada no Método Décourt e Quaresma (1978) para atrito lateral em estacas, com o ajuste adequado do parâmetro b. Outras proposições baseadas no tipo e parâmetros do solo que apresentaram bons ajustes foram Wong (1995) e Juran et al. (1990). Foram feitas comparações entre qs e a tensão cisalhante do solo (ts) encontrando para esta razão valores entre 0,55 e 0,85. Como foram realizadas leituras de deslocamentos tanto na fase de carregamento quanto na fase de descarregamento, notou-se que para pequenas aplicações de carga já acontecem deformações plásticas no grampo sendo recomendado nos casos de análises numéricas em grampos a adoção de modelos elasto-plásticos. As previsões de deformações elásticas dos grampos, baseadas em teorias de estacas apresentou uma boa aproximação dos ensaios, que entretanto apresentaram relevante deformação plástica nos ensaios realizados. Os resultados de ensaios de cisalhamento em amostras indeformadas dos solos foram comparados com os ensaios de arrancamento, indicando que o fator de redução dos resultados de laboratório é necessário.