Text in Afrikaans / Menseregte is 'n saak wat sedert die Tweede Wereldoorlog met sy grootskaalse vernietiging en chaos internasionaal al hoe sterker op die voorgrond begin tree het. Dit is veral buitelandse, maar ook binnelandse beskuldigings ten opsigte van rassisme en apartheid in ons land wat aanleiding begin gee het tot onderhandelings rakende die uitwerk van 'n handves van menseregte vir alle inwoners hier te lande Die historiese ontwikkeling van menseregte in belangrike Westerse lande, maar ook binne sosialistiese konteks, bied belangrike perspektiewe vir die verstaan van hierdie kwessie. Ongelukkig is die kerk se stem vir baie jare nie oor hierdie aangeleentheid gehoor nie. Ook het die NG Kerk dit beskou as 'n liberale, humanistiese en kommunistiese aanslag teen hulle "Skrifgetroue" lewensiening. Omrede so baie mense hulle besluite in terme van hulle geloofsbeskouing neem, word daar duidelikheid oor die saak gesoek in die Bybelse beskouing van die begrippe geregtigheid, menswaardigheid en vryheid. Sekere hermeneutiese probleme word onder oe geneem sodat die volle waarheid oor hierdie saak aan die orde kan kom. Na aanleiding van bogenoemde gebeure het die regering aan 'n Regskommissie opdrag gegee om 'n akte van menseregte op te stel. Die klem wat hierin op verskillende eerstegenerasieregte gele word ten koste van sekere noodsaaklike sosio-ekonomiese regte, wat vir soveel swart inwoners van ons land so belangrik is, word krities geevalueer. Hierteenoor le die ANC in sy konsep-manifes op realistiese wyse klem op hierdie sogenaamde tweedegenerasieregte en regstellende optrede. Daar word bevind dat di t die mees volledige en toepaslike dokument van sy soort in ons land is, omrede dit vanuit n situasie geskryf is wat deeglik rekening hou met die eiesoortige behoeftes van die Swartes. Die hele kwessie van menseregte waardeur mens teen mens beskerm word, bring oak die kwessie van diere- en plantregte na vore. n Omgewings-poli tieke beskouing wat voorkeur gee aan die sosio-ekonomiese belange van mense ten koste van omgewingsbewaring, word bespreek. Ten opsigte van hierdie sake word die mens deurgaans in die Skrif opgeroep om God in sy optrede teenoor sy medemens, dier en plant te vergestalt / Human rights is a matter which has come strongly to the fore since the Second World War with its wholesale destruction and chaos. It was especially foreign, but also internal accusations of racism and apartheid in our country which gave rise to negotiations to draw up a charter of human rights for all the inhabitants of our country. The historical development of human rights in important Western countries, but also in a socialist context, provides important perspectives for an understanding of the matter. Unfortunately the voice of the church was not heard on this matter for many years. The Dutch Reformed Church has also seen it as a liberal, humanist and communist attack on their "true" scriptural understanding of life. Because so many people make their decisions in terms of their faith, clarity is sought on this matter in the Biblical concepts of justice, human dignity and freedom. Certain hermeneutical problems are considered to arrive at an accurate understanding of the Biblical message. As a result of the above-mentioned chain of events, the government appointed a Law Commission to draw up a bill of human rights. The emphasis in this draft bill of rights which is laid on various first generation rights at the expense of essential socio-economic rights, which are so important to many black inhabitants of our country, is critically evaluated. In contrast, in its proposed bill of rights, the ANC emphasises this so-called second generation rights and affirmative action in a realistic way. It is found that this is the most complete and appropriate document of its kind in our country, because it was written from a situation which thoroughly takes account of the distinctive needs of the Blacks. The whole matter of human rights brings the matter of animal- and plant-rights to the fore. A view on the politics of the environment which prioritizes the socio-economic interests of the people at the cost of nature conservation, is discussed. With regard to these matters humankind is called upon throughout the Scriptures to manifest God in their conduct towards their fellow-man, animals and plants / Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology / D. Th. (Teologiese etiek)

Thesis (D.Th.)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the possibility of building a more humane and dignified society and asked the pertinent question: what is the role of the bills of rights in building a more humane and dignified society? What is the role of moral responsibility in the creation of such a community? Is the correlation between these two initiatives conflicting or is it complimentary? In searching for answers to the abovementioned questions, chapter two gives a short historical overview of the origin and development of the human rights idea. The purpose and nature of human rights as well as the different kinds of rights are discussed. This chapter also specifically surveys the development of how human rights in South Africa. Chapter three evaluates the advantages of human rights in various contexts. Countries like Sweden and The Netherlands that have a long history of human rights are investigated. African countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya and South Africa are investigated to get a picture of human rights in Africa. The theological basis of human rights is discussed in chapter four. Before the theological arguments for human rights are forwarded, the arguments against human rights and the ambiguous relation between theology and human rights are discussed. Hereafter it is shown that theological arguments from a trinitarian faith perspective, central biblical terminology such as justice, human dignity, equality and freedom can be motivated. It is also argued from the various church traditions that human rights can be theologically supported. Chapter five argues that apart from the acceptance of a bill of rights, the theological support human rights enjoys, moral responsible people is necessary for building a more humane and dignified society. For this reason the ethics of responsibility is also explained. The role of laws are investigated as well as how the revising of laws can assist in the establishing a humane and dignified society. The role of moral formation is also discussed. The practise of the different community institutions such as business, media, statutory bodies and civil society are explained to indicate how it can help in this regard. The role of the political will is also discussed. The study is concluded by stating the most important findings. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die moontlikheid van die daarstelling van ’n meer menswaardige samelewing en vra pertinent: wat is die rol van handveste van menseregte in die bou van ‘n menswaardige samelewing? Wat is die rol van morele verantwoordelikheid in die bou van ‘n menswaardige samelewing? Is die korrelasie tussen hierdie twee inisiatiewe konflikterend of komplimenterend? In die soeke na antwoorde op bogenoemde vrae, bied hoofstuk twee ‘n kort historiese oorsig oor hoe die menseregte-idee ontstaan en ontwikkel het. Die doel en aard van menseregte sowel as die verskillende soorte menseregte word beskryf. In hierdie hoofstuk word spesifiek ook ondersoek ingestel na die ontwikkeling van menseregte in Suid-Afrika. Hoofstuk drie ondersoek die vrug van menseregte in verskeie kontekste. Lande soos Swede en Nederland wat ‘n lang menseregte geskiedenis het, word ondersoek. Afrikalande soos die Demokratiese Republiek van die Kongo, Kenia en Suid-Afrika word ondersoek om ‘n prentjie van menseregte in Afrika te kry. Die teologiese begronding van menseregte word in hoofstuk vier aan die orde gestel. Alvorens die teologiese argumente ten gunste van menseregte gestel word, word die argumente teen menseregte en die dubbelsinnige verhouding tussen teologie en menseregte geskets. Hierna word daar aangetoon dat menseregte vanuit die trinitariese geloofsbekouing, sentrale bybelbegrippe soos geregtigheid, menswaardigheid, gelykheid en vryheid begrond kan word. Daar word ook vanuit die verskillende kerklike tradisies geargumenteer dat menseregte teologies ondersteun kan word. Hoofstuk vyf toon dat benewens die aanvaarding van ‘n Handves van Menseregte en die teologiese ondersteuning wat daar vir menseregte is, moreel verantwoordelike mense ook nodig is vir die skep van ‘n meer menswaardige samelewing. Om hierdie rede word die etiek van verantwoordelikheid toegelig. Die rol van wette word ondersoek asook hoe die hersiening van wette kan meehelp in die daarstelling van ‘n menswaardige samelewing. Die rol van morele vorming word ook toegelig. Die praktyke van die verskillende samelewingsinstansies soos byvoorbeeld die sakesektor, media, statutêre liggame en die burgerlike samelewing word belig om aan te toon hoe dit kan meehelp in hierdie opsig. Die rol van die politieke wil word ook toegelig. Die studie word afgesluit met ‘n uiteensetting van die belangrikste bevindinge.

Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the field of International Relations, at the University of the Witwatersrand, 2016 / In the early 1990s South Africa left the Apartheid-era and transformed into a country based on liberal democratic principles such as freedom and human rights. The soon to be inaugurated president, Nelson Mandela, promised that South Africa would base its new foreign policy on these same principles and the pursuit of the international human rights agenda. Initially this seemed to be the case; South Africa signed on to most international human rights conventions and even acted on these principles condemning Nigeria when the ruling regime executed human rights activists. However, once the country gradually began adopting neoliberal ideological positions, first domestically then in its foreign policy, the prominence of human rights in South Africa’s foreign policy began to wane. This is evidenced in South Africa’s actions on international organisations as well as the country’s approach to human rights challenges such as the Zimbabwean crisis in the early 2000s and the furore over planned visit of the Dalai Lama in 2011. Using a hermeneutic approach it is possible to gain an ontological understanding of the process by which this move towards neoliberalism lead to a economisation and commodification of South Africa’s foreign policy between 1994-2014. This in turn undermined the liberal democratic principles which underpinned the country’s international relations leading to a relegation of the human rights agenda to a subsequent by product which can be achieved through greater market liberalisation. / MT2017

Thesis (LLM. (Development and Management Law)) -- University of Limpopo, 2012 / This study focuses on the right of “everyone to have access to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being; and to have the environment protected, for the benefit of present and future generations, through reasonable legislative and other measures that prevent pollution and ecological degradation, promote conservation and secure ecologically sustainable development and use of natural resources while promoting justifiable economic and social development”. This study discusses the government policies, domestic legislations and international law.

No abstract available. / Thesis (LL.M)-University of Natal, Durban, 1999.

The concern with the relevance of human rights to the socio-economic and political development in South Africa is of threefold account, namely human rights, socio-economic and political development, and South Africa. Human rights have been consistently applied as a common standard of achievement in the realisation that development cannot be implemented in pure economic terms only, but implies the 'duties of all people towards all other people. For rights only come into their own through practice, the interaction of socio-economic and political facts with values. The importance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of I 0 December 1948 is of primary account in this regard. This implies the right to development of all people as well as the classical meaning of equity. The main social function of human rights is to become essential ingredients in legal, political and social reality in each and every country. The socio-economic implementation of human rights in the entire world includes the facts and peculiarities of South Africa in the context of ethnic pluralism. This covers the unrealistic overtones of apartheid, the unabated pressure of the United Nations and the achievement of the new South Africa. There is a great difference between merely criticising and getting things done. An important issue is the sustainability of the RDP, with its emphasis on Mandela's linkage XI between human rights, the rule of law and economic prosperity. COSATU with its unrealistic trade unionism however, remains the chief stumbling block to the unfettered free market economies and investments which are required for genuine job creation. Short of this the RDP and GEAR, which have got off the ground, are in danger of collapse. It is recommended that the ANC should work towards a genuine multi-party democracy at a realistic level where honest criticism is respected. The universal implications of human rights require that people should not be protected overduly simply because they are black at the expense of others who simply happen to be white. Some people are not more equal than others merely by virtue of being white or black. / Political Science / D. Litt et Phil. (Politics)

Text in Afrikaans / Menseregte is 'n saak wat sedert die Tweede Wereldoorlog met sy grootskaalse vernietiging en chaos internasionaal al hoe sterker op die voorgrond begin tree het. Dit is veral buitelandse, maar ook binnelandse beskuldigings ten opsigte van rassisme en apartheid in ons land wat aanleiding begin gee het tot onderhandelings rakende die uitwerk van 'n handves van menseregte vir alle inwoners hier te lande Die historiese ontwikkeling van menseregte in belangrike Westerse lande, maar ook binne sosialistiese konteks, bied belangrike perspektiewe vir die verstaan van hierdie kwessie. Ongelukkig is die kerk se stem vir baie jare nie oor hierdie aangeleentheid gehoor nie. Ook het die NG Kerk dit beskou as 'n liberale, humanistiese en kommunistiese aanslag teen hulle "Skrifgetroue" lewensiening. Omrede so baie mense hulle besluite in terme van hulle geloofsbeskouing neem, word daar duidelikheid oor die saak gesoek in die Bybelse beskouing van die begrippe geregtigheid, menswaardigheid en vryheid. Sekere hermeneutiese probleme word onder oe geneem sodat die volle waarheid oor hierdie saak aan die orde kan kom. Na aanleiding van bogenoemde gebeure het die regering aan 'n Regskommissie opdrag gegee om 'n akte van menseregte op te stel. Die klem wat hierin op verskillende eerstegenerasieregte gele word ten koste van sekere noodsaaklike sosio-ekonomiese regte, wat vir soveel swart inwoners van ons land so belangrik is, word krities geevalueer. Hierteenoor le die ANC in sy konsep-manifes op realistiese wyse klem op hierdie sogenaamde tweedegenerasieregte en regstellende optrede. Daar word bevind dat di t die mees volledige en toepaslike dokument van sy soort in ons land is, omrede dit vanuit n situasie geskryf is wat deeglik rekening hou met die eiesoortige behoeftes van die Swartes. Die hele kwessie van menseregte waardeur mens teen mens beskerm word, bring oak die kwessie van diere- en plantregte na vore. n Omgewings-poli tieke beskouing wat voorkeur gee aan die sosio-ekonomiese belange van mense ten koste van omgewingsbewaring, word bespreek. Ten opsigte van hierdie sake word die mens deurgaans in die Skrif opgeroep om God in sy optrede teenoor sy medemens, dier en plant te vergestalt / Human rights is a matter which has come strongly to the fore since the Second World War with its wholesale destruction and chaos. It was especially foreign, but also internal accusations of racism and apartheid in our country which gave rise to negotiations to draw up a charter of human rights for all the inhabitants of our country. The historical development of human rights in important Western countries, but also in a socialist context, provides important perspectives for an understanding of the matter. Unfortunately the voice of the church was not heard on this matter for many years. The Dutch Reformed Church has also seen it as a liberal, humanist and communist attack on their "true" scriptural understanding of life. Because so many people make their decisions in terms of their faith, clarity is sought on this matter in the Biblical concepts of justice, human dignity and freedom. Certain hermeneutical problems are considered to arrive at an accurate understanding of the Biblical message. As a result of the above-mentioned chain of events, the government appointed a Law Commission to draw up a bill of human rights. The emphasis in this draft bill of rights which is laid on various first generation rights at the expense of essential socio-economic rights, which are so important to many black inhabitants of our country, is critically evaluated. In contrast, in its proposed bill of rights, the ANC emphasises this so-called second generation rights and affirmative action in a realistic way. It is found that this is the most complete and appropriate document of its kind in our country, because it was written from a situation which thoroughly takes account of the distinctive needs of the Blacks. The whole matter of human rights brings the matter of animal- and plant-rights to the fore. A view on the politics of the environment which prioritizes the socio-economic interests of the people at the cost of nature conservation, is discussed. With regard to these matters humankind is called upon throughout the Scriptures to manifest God in their conduct towards their fellow-man, animals and plants / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D. Th. (Teologiese etiek)

D.Ed. / The hour glass for the existing educational dispensation has run out and planning which has radically changed the face of the South African educational system within a very short period of time, has already been implemented (Mondstuk, 1993: 1). Never before in history have so many changes regarding education, social welfare, economy and politics taken place in a such a short period of time in the Republic of South Africa. The development of a Bill of Human Rights can be seen as the biggest development in the social-political field in the Republic of South Africa. This Bill of Rights can form the basis for a democratic and multi-cultural society where everyone can develop to their full potential. The Bill of Rights will, among other issues, promote the democratic transformation of the community, protect the variety of cultures and languages and maintain the rights of all learners, parents, teachers and principals. Within the framework of the Schools Act everyone who is involved in education will now have the opportunity to play a bigger part in the control, management and development of the school. The principal should thus always take the following entities and /or interest groups into consideration in his decision-making, namely parents; the governing body; learners; teachers; teacher unions or associations; administrative and service personnel; student organizations as well as the Department of Education. To be able to satisfy all these interest groups the principal will have to see to it that he has a workable knowledge of multi-cultural education, democratic and participative management and the Bill of Human Rights. Striving to reach a true democracy has been a vision many have dreamt about. Democracy has become a part of school management. If this change is implemented in schools, the status quo will be upset. Principals will have to take note that non-discrimination and equality are important building blocks of the Bill of Human Rights without which harmonious management will not be possible.

My duty and aim in the writing of the thesis was neither based on scholarship nor on the fluttering of the dove coates of theological orthodoxy, but on the interpretation of the austere nature of the life of black people under the Nationalist Party rule of Apartheid. My duty, therefore, is that of an interpreter of the situation. There is nothing academic about apartheid. What is there is the monstrous evil perpetuated through the genius of the Afrikaner-Broederbond and the Afrikaans Churches and to a lesser extent by the liberal white community within the confines of South Africa (Introduction, p. vii)

This study examines the degree to which the Truth and Reconciliation Commission hearings in East London have mitigated the impact of gross human rights violations on some of the Duncan Village victims. The research draws upon responses from a convenience sample of victims of apartheid atrocities guided by their own individual experiences, literature on conflict management, and TRC hearings that took place in other African states. The East London TRC hearings alert one to the brutality of the apartheid regime whose political intolerance unleashed violence against ordinary citizens of East London. Despite being seen as a witch hunt against the apartheid security establishment, most of the victims feel the TRC opened lines of communication between former enemies, although one cannot conclusively say that total reconciliation between victims and perpetrators has been achieved. Insofar as telling the truth is concerned, the concept defies unanimous acceptance as a contributor to peaceful co-existence. The mere fact that some perpetrators refused to appear before the TRC is an indication that the value attached to it differs from person to person, particularly in a situation where the political landscape is characterized by intimidation and fear. The treatise unveils the East London TRC as a platform for compromise as some of the victims felt anger and hatred for the perpetrators would amount to perpetual self-imposed ostracism. Noting that the TRC was never meant to hurt anyone, the treatise ushers one into a space where reconciliation takes precedence over vengeance.