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A model for human capital valuationJasina, Tatia Simon 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As the world's economic landscape undergoes a fundamental shift from
industrial economy in which plant and equipment are the core assets, to
the 'new' economy which places a high premium on people and intangible
assets traditional accounting systems are becoming less effective.
Intellectual Capital has become the indispensable component of corporate
value. The significant rise in the market-to-book ratio of listed companies is
testimonial of this fact.
By focusing on physical and cash assets, and remaining oblivious to
Intellectual Capital, conventional accounting methods are missing a very
crucial point. The exclusion of Intellectual Capital from financial
performance reports results in information deficiency for both internal and
external stakeholders of organizations.
Measurement and reporting of Intellectual Capital has thus become
imperative. However, it is the Human Capital component (of Intellectual
Capital) that should be the prime concern of business leaders and other
stakeholders. People are the true agents in business; all the other assets,
whether tangible or intangible, are the result of human actions and
ultimately depend on people for their continued existence. Measurement
and reporting of Human Capital is therefore of the essence.
Measurement of Human Capital is not simple and straightforward.
Development of methodologies for valuation of Human Capital is a
daunting challenge. In spite of its difficulty, measurement of Human
Capital has to be vigorously pursued; the stakes are just too high for the
challenge to be shunned.
This study proposes a system for valuation of Human Capital. "Valuation"
may conjure expectations of financial measurement; however, despite concerted efforts by the accounting profession, currency-based valuation
of people has received very little, if any, appreciation in industry.
The model put forward here, is a non-monetary Human Capital Index. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Met die fundamentele verskuiwing van die ekonomiese landskap van die
wêreld, vanaf 'n industriële ekonomie met produksie-aanlegte en
toerusting as primêre bates, tot die nuwe ekonomie wat 'n hoë premie op
mense en ontasbare bates plaas, het konvensionele rekeningkundige
stelsels toenemend ondoeltreffend geraak.
Intellektuele kapitaal het 'n onontbeerlike onderdeel van korporatiewe
waarde geword. Die betekenisvolle premie wat die markwaarde bo die
batewaarde van genoteerde maatskappye geniet, lewer bewys van hierdie
tendens.
Deur te fokus op fisiese en monetêre bates, en nie intellektuele bates in ag
te neem nie , verontagsaam konvensionele rekeningkundige stelsels 'n
kern beginsel. Die uitsluiting van intellektuele kapitaal as deel van
prestasie verslagdoening lei tot 'n gebrekkige inligtingsbasis vir beide
interne en eksterne belangegroepe van die organisasie.
Meting van, en verslagdoening oor intellektuele kapitaal, het dus 'n
noodsaaklikheid geword. Dit is egter die menslike hulpbron komponent
van intellektuele kapitaal wat die primêre oorweging by sakeleiers en
ander belanghebbendes behoort te wees. Mense is die werklike rolspelers
in organisasies. AI die ander bates, tasbaar of ontasbaar, is die gevolg van
menslike aktiwiteit, en hang uiteindelik van mense af vir hul voortgesette
bestaan. Daarom is dit van die uiterste belang dat daar 'n proses is wat
menslike bates evalueer en verslag doen.
Die meting van menslike kapitaal is nie eenvoudig en voor die hand
liggend nie. Die ontwikkeling van metodes om menslike kapitaal te
assesseer is 'n besondere uitdaging. Ten spyte van die probleme moet die
assessering van menslike kapitaal daadwerklik nagestreef word; hierdie
saak is te belangrik om te ontwyk. Hierdie studie stel 'n model voor om waardebepaling van menslike kapitaal
te doen. So 'n waardebepaling mag verwagtinge van 'n finansiële
metingsbasis skep; tog, ten spyte van doelgerigte pogings deur die
rekeningkundige professie, het 'n monetêre waardebepaling van mense
weinig, indien enige, aanvaarding in die sakewêreld ontvang.
Die model wat hier voorgestel word, is 'n nie-monetêre menslike kapitaal
indeks.
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Conceptual Foundation for Human Resource AccountingFlowers, Vincent S. 05 1900 (has links)
With the current strain on the world's material resources and the increase in their cost, a constant pressure is building to increase the productivity of human resources. Adding, to the strain is the increasing demand of society for a higher quality of life through more meaningful work. Responding to both of these pressures requires decisions that simultaneously meet the goals of organizations and the needs and values of employees. To make the kind of decisions demanded by this dual priority of human effectiveness and improved quality of life, information is needed to: 1. Improve understanding of the nature and scope of human resource expenditures; 2. Improve selection, retention, and motivation of employees; 3. Allocate money spent on human resources; 4. Overhaul the approach to communication among managers, between managers and other employees, and between the organization as a whole and outside parties; 5. Expand the scope of internal and external reports to deal with social as well as financial accomplishments. The ultimate objective of this research is to develop a human resource model and a heuristic for developing empirical support which can be useful to businessmen seeking to increase human effectiveness and improve the quality of life. The model merges several previously unrelated theories dealing with human resources and in the process contributes some new concepts.
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Personnel expenditure analysis of the Directorate Veterinary Services in the North West Province / Boitshoko R NtshabeleNtshabele, Boitshoko R January 2004 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to analyse personnel expenditure of the Directorate
Veterinary Service in the North West Province and how it impacted on service delivery.
Literature on personnel expenditure and its influence on service delivery, particularly in
the field of Veterinary Services is still in its infancy. Financial condition was referred as a
tool to evaluate trends and patterns in how personnel budgets increases over a period of
time as a fraction of the total budget affected the ability of the directorate to deliver
services to the citizens of the province. Financial condition uses a percentage change to
analyse changes in the budget over time for the Directorate.
Budget reports (2000-2002) collected from the Provincial Department of Agriculture,
Conservation and Environment was analyzed in terms of a split between personnel and
operational. This analysis was then used to elucidate patterns over time for the
Directorate as a whole, which were then compared between the regions (using cost
centers) to determine any bias in terms of resource allocation. The percentage change was
also done per standard budget item used in the Province.
From the study it is evident that there was deterioration in financial condition for the
financial year 200112001. This deterioration in financial condition is shown by a drop in
budget but also in terms of a bias towards personnel. This phenomenon was however
reversed in the following year of 2002/2003.
This study has identified a negative correlation between personnel budget and other
expenditure,:, needs for the Directorate Veterinary Services that had negative consequences
for service delivery. To this extent it recommends a regular monitoring process to be put
in place and the use of public partnerships where practical as a solution to rising
personnel costs.
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Personnel expenditure analysis of the Directorate Veterinary services in the North West / Boitshoko R. NtshabeleNtshabele, Boitshoko R January 2004 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to analyse personnel expenditure of the Directorate
Veterinary Service in the North West Province and how it impacted on service delivery.
Literature on personnel expenditure and its influence on service delivery, particularly in
the field of Veterinary Services is still in its infancy. Financial condition was referred as a
tool to evaluate trends and patterns in how personnel budgets increases over a period of
time as a fraction of the total budget affected the ability of the directorate to deliver
services to the citizens of the province. Financial condition uses a percentage change to
analyse changes in the budget over time for the Directorate.
Budget reports (2000-2002) collected from the Provincial Department of Agriculture,
Conservation and Environment was analysed in terms of a split between personnel and
operational. This analysis was then used to elucidate patterns over time for the
Directorate as a whole, which were then compared between the regions (using cost
centers) to determine any bias in terms of resource allocation. The percentage change was also done per standard budget item used in the Province.
From the study it is evident that there was deterioration in financial condition for the
financial year 200112001. This deterioration in financial condition is shown by a drop in
budget but also in terms of a bias towards personnel. This phenomenon was however
reversed in the following year of 2002/2003.
This study has identified a negative correlation between personnel budget and other
expenditure needs for the Directorate Veterinary Services that had negative consequences for service delivery. To this extent it recommends a regular monitoring process to be put in place and the use of public partnerships where practical as a solution to rising personnel costs. / (M.B.A.) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2004
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Accounting for Human Resources: Implications for Theory and Practice.Stovall, Olin Scott 12 1900 (has links)
Knowledge workers are an important resource for the typical modern business firm, yet financial reporting ignores such resources. Some researchers contend that the accounting profession has stressed reliability in order to make the accounting appear objective. Others concur, noting that accounting is an insecure profession and adopts strict rules when faced with uncertainty. Accountants have promulgated a strict rule to expense human resource costs, although many know that such resources have future benefits. Some researchers suggest that any discipline must modify its language in order to initiate change toward providing useful social ameliorations. If accounting theorists extend this idea to the accounting lexicon.s description of investments in human resources, investors and other accounting user groups might gain greater insight into how a firm fosters and nourishes human capital. I tested three hypotheses related to this issue by administering an experiment designed to assess financial analysts. perceptions about alternative financial statement treatments of human resources in an investment recommendation task. I predicted that (1) analysts' perceptions of the reliability (relevance) of the information they received would decrease (increase) as the treatment of human resources increasingly violated GAAP (became more current-oriented), (2) analysts exposed to alternative accounting treatments would report a lower likelihood of recommending that their clients invest in the company in the task, and (3) financial analysts who ranked reliability (relevance) as a more important information quality would be less (more) likely to recommend that their clients buy the stock represented in the case because the treatment of human resources on the financial statements violated GAAP (was more current-oriented) as compared to analysts who ranked reliability (relevance) as being lower (higher) in importance. Analysts receiving financial statements with accounting treatments of human resource costs that violated GAAP judged such information as less reliable and were also less likely to recommend that their clients buy the stock in the task than analysts receiving financial statements that conformed to GAAP. Also, analysts who perceived reliability as a more important information quality reacted more negatively to a replacement cost approach to accounting for human resources than participants who perceived reliability as being less important. A potential confounding explanation of the results is the varied language used in the audit opinions included with the treatment financial statements. Whether explained by the audit opinion language or the actual differences contained in the financial statements, the results suggest that an important user group, financial analysts, may be subject to the aura of objectivity suggested by Porter in 1995.
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'n Vergelyking van die kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe inligting oor werknemers in finansiële jaarverslae met die winsgewendheid en grootte van maatskappyeDu Plooy, Susanna Maria 30 November 2006 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / The purpose of the research is to compare the quantity and quality of reporting on the
employees of companies with the profitability and size of the top 100 companies over a
four year period. The research is limited to the availability of quality information on
employees in the financial statements of companies.
A literature study is followed by an emperical inquiry into a comparison of the
reporting on employees with the profitability and size of companies. The results reflect
the following:
* the quantity and quality of reporting on the employees of companies does not
inevitably show an increase;
* a significant relationship exist between the size and profitability of companies;
* the role of reporting on the employees of companies is significant with regards
to profit determination; and
* some of the companies performed uniquely with regards to the quantity and
quality of reporting on the employees of companies. / Accounting / M.Comm.(Accounting)
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'n Vergelyking van die kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe inligting oor werknemers in finansiële jaarverslae met die winsgewendheid en grootte van maatskappyeDu Plooy, Susanna Maria 30 November 2006 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / The purpose of the research is to compare the quantity and quality of reporting on the
employees of companies with the profitability and size of the top 100 companies over a
four year period. The research is limited to the availability of quality information on
employees in the financial statements of companies.
A literature study is followed by an emperical inquiry into a comparison of the
reporting on employees with the profitability and size of companies. The results reflect
the following:
* the quantity and quality of reporting on the employees of companies does not
inevitably show an increase;
* a significant relationship exist between the size and profitability of companies;
* the role of reporting on the employees of companies is significant with regards
to profit determination; and
* some of the companies performed uniquely with regards to the quantity and
quality of reporting on the employees of companies. / Accounting / M.Comm.(Accounting)
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