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Techno-economic assessment of hybrid solar energy for residential application in MozambiqueTamele, Victor Jaime January 2015 (has links)
I Mozambique many areas are not connected to the national grid because of financial reasons. The renewable energy technology is adequate as a solution for this problem because it would avoid the environmental impact and the increase of air pollution. Hence, the techno-economic assessment of hybrid solar energy was performed for residential application considering a small community of 50 households, each consuming about 1 kWhe and 3 kWhth per day. HOMER, the energy modeling software for hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), was used for reaching this objective. The techno economic study of a domestic hot water system was performed using RETscreen as HOMER could not be used since it does not model solar collectors. To model the PV system using HOMER software, the load and the solar resource were assessed, considering the economics, system components, optimization and sensitivity analysis, which enabled the determination of the optimal system configuration and evaluation of how the system is sensitive with different values of primary load, global solar, interest rate and project lifetime. As a result, the maximum power of the collector was found to be 1.93 kW, hot water storage volume of 138.1 l and 3.05 m2 flat plate collectors. The pre-tax IRR - assets is of 14.5 %, the simple payback period is of 8.6 years to return the investment and the 7.4 years of equity payback. The PV system with the optimal system configuration consisting of a 0.3 kW PV array, 4 HI-Fase 200 Ah batteries and a 0.5 kW converter. The initial capital for PV system is of $3.945, operating cost of $82 per year, levelized COE of $1.604/kWh and the total NPC is $4.591. The sensitivity analysis for PV system has shown that the best estimate scenario with a primary load of 1 kWh/d, global solar of 4.5 kWh/m2/d, interest rate of 11 % and 25 years project lifetime is 0.4 kW PV, 4 HI-Fase 200 Ah batteries and 0.5 kW converter.
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Etude d'un capteur solaire hybride avec concentrateur holographique du rayonnement solaire / Study of a hybrid solar collector with holographic concentrator of solar radiationIurevych, Olena 07 July 2015 (has links)
Les besoins énergétiques du monde entier augmentent de plus en plus et parmi les sources en énergie renouvelable, l'énergie solaire connaît actuellement un très fort développement. Une des voies en énergie solaire est la filière utilisant des panneaux solaires hybrides qui produisent à la fois de l'électricité et de la chaleur. Le marché des capteurs hybrides en présence ou non de concentrateur et leurs caractéristiques sont présentés. Dans la thèse, on a étudié un capteur hybride associé avec un concentrateur holographique du rayonnement solaire. Ce concentrateur permet de séparer la partie visible utilisée par les cellules photovoltaïques de celle infrarouge, absorbée par l'échangeur thermique. Les différents éléments du capteur et leur fonctionnement sont décrits. Les caractéristiques du capteur et son efficacité dépendent des paramètres optiques et thermiques de ses éléments. Ces paramètres (facteurs de transmission, de réflexion, d'absorption, émissivité) ont été déterminés expérimentalement (CERTES IUT Sénart, CEMHTI Orléans, Université Blaise Pascal Clermont-Ferrand). Les résultats obtenus ont été utilisés dans une modélisation stationnaire et monodimensionnelle des échanges thermiques pour deux configurations différents (avec deux plaques en polycarbonate et avec une plaque en polycarbonate et une lame d'air). La modélisation introduit les effets radiatifs, conductifs et l'absorption du rayonnement en volume. Les profils thermiques et les rendements électriques et thermiques obtenus montrent l'efficacité d'un capteur solaire hybride avec concentrateur holographique. / The energy requirements worldwide are increasing more and among renewable energy sources, solar energy is exhibiting a very strong growth. Solar hybrid panels that produce both electricity and heat is currently a very promising way. The market for hybrid solar panel with and without concentrator and their characteristics are presented. In the thesis, a hybrid solar panel associated with a holographic concentrator solar radiation is studied. This concentrator separates the visible range used in the photovoltaic cells of the infrared range absorbed by the heat exchanger. The elements of the panel are described. The sensor characteristics and effectiveness depend on the optical and thermal parameters of its elements. These parameters (transmission factors, reflection, absorption, emissivity) were determined experimentally (CERTES IUT Sénart, CEMHTI Orleans, University Blaise Pascal Clermont-Ferrand). The results were obtained in a stationary and dimensional modelling heat exchanges for two different configurations (with two polycarbonate plates with a polycarbonate plate and an air). The model introduces radiative effects, conduction and radiation absorption by volume. The thermal profiles, and electrical and thermal efficiencies obtained show the effectiveness of a hybrid solar collector with holographic concentrator.
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