The objective of this Thesis is to devise a system for the "rheology-based design" of non-settling (homogeneous) slurry pipelines that is more conducive to application by practicing engineers without impairing its accuracy or utility for research purposes. The cornerstone is the development of a new rheological model and constitutive equation for homogeneous slurry based on the aggregation/deaggregation of the suspended mineral particles. This “yield plastic” model is shown to describe a family of models that includes the Newtonian, Bingham plastic and Casson models as special cases. It also closely approximates the results of many consistency models, including power law, yield power law, Cross and Carreau-Yasuda. The yield plastic model is then used to develop design equations to determine the pressure-gradient of laminar and turbulent pipe flow. A relative energy dissipation criterion is proposed for the laminar-turbulent transition and shown to be consistent with currently used transition models for Newtonian and Bingham fluids. Finally, a new dimensionless group (the “stress number”) is proposed that is directly proportional to the pressure-gradient and independent of the velocity. When the design equations are presented graphically in terms of the stress number and the plastic Reynolds number, the resulting “design curve diagram” is shown to be a dimensionless (pressure-gradient vs. velocity) pipe flow curve. The net result is that the hydraulic design of homogeneous slurry systems only requires the use of a single constitutive equation and three engineering design equations. The results are presented in a conceptually easy form that will foster an intuitive understanding of non-Newtonian pipe flow. This will assist engineers to understand the impact of slurry rheology when designing, operating and troubleshooting slurry pipelines and, in the future, other slurry related processes.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2000. / Corrigenda pasted onto front end paper. One folded col. map in pocket on back endpaper. Bibliography: leaves 348-368.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: leaf 228-235.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 188-196).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-109). Also available on the World Wide Web.

Issued also as the author's thesis, Zürich, 1933. / At head of title: Ouvrage publié sous les auspices du Laboratoire de Recherches Hydrauliques annexé à l'École Polytechnique Fédérale, à Zurich. "Bibliographie": p. [267]-268.

Thesis--University of FLorida. / Description based on print version record. Typescript. Bibliography: leaves 140-142.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Iowa, 2007. / Supervisors: Ching-Long Lin, Larry J. Weber. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-162).

No description available.

学位授与大学：京都大学 ; 取得学位: 博士(工学) ; 学位授与年月日: 2007-09-25 ; 学位の種類: 新制・課程博士 ; 学位記番号: 工博第2845号 ; 請求記号: 新制/工/1419 ; 整理番号: 25530 / Multiphase flows are governed by three-dimensional Navier Stokes equations for each involved phase. Therefore, solution of these equations for given boundary and initial conditions, in principle, would determine the flow field in time and space. Generally, boundaries between involved phases are not known a priory, but are part of the, solution; or in the case of flows in a porous medium, these boundaries have too complicated geometry to be resolved mathematically. This resulted into development of simplified models, where the level of simplifications determines the model applicability. However, in order to represent simulated flows accurately, the model should include as much as possible relevant mechanisms and fluid properties. In this study, a numerical model is developed based on finite volume method, in which the volume averaged governing equations are solved. In contrary to the simplified models. a full momentum equations for each involved phase is considered. Such model is utilized in the study to investigate commonly adopted simplifications, and their effects on the model applicability. Namely, for the flows in porous media, the effects of acceleration terms in momentum equations are investigated; first for the saturated groundwater flow, and then; for the air/water flow during air injection into initially saturated soil. It is revealed that in the case of saturated flow in homogeneous, incompressible, low permeable soils, the pressure adapts the new imposed boundary conditions instantaneously, while the velocities reach the quasi-steady conditions extremely fast. In the case of heterogeneous soil, pressure and velocity field have transient nature, but quickly reach the quasi-steady conditions. Only during this onset of flow, the inertia terms play a role. In the case of air/water flow during air sparging, it is revealed that acceleration becomes important for porous medium with average grain size larger than 2 rum. This implies that simulations of such flow in coarse sands and gravels should include acceleration. It is explicitly shown that phenomena of flow pulsation, manifesting as steady pulsation at the constant air-injection flow rate, can be modeled only by inclusion of acceleration terms in governing equations. Theoretical analysis; conducted by application of one-dimensional stability analysis, revealed that inertial effects promote the instability, while the capillary forces oppose it. Ratio of these forces determines the onset of instability. It is showed that for materials with average grain size smaller than 2 mm, instability can not be expected. In order to apply the model for simulation of contaminant removal during air sparging, the contaminant transport model is supplied. Mechanistic numerical models inherently assume that involved phases are completely mixed, and by now reported models commonly assume the local equilibrium of contaminant between the air and water phase. As reported by many investigators, this leads toward an overestimated contaminant removal. Therefore, in this model a channel air flow pattern is considered, where transfer of contaminant between the water and the air phase is modeled according to two film theory. Diffusive process of contaminant transport toward the air phase is modeled by a first order kinetic process between two water compartments: a immobile compartment in contact with the air phase and mobile compartment which has no contact with the air phase. Application of the developed model to reported two-dimensional experiment, showed a good agreement between simulated and measured transient change of dissolved contaminant in the water. This study also showed that single numerical model, through the minor refinements, can be applied to wide variety of hydraulic engineering problems. By inclusion of gas compressibility, and mass exchange between the gas and the water phase in continuity equations, with adapting the drag term in momentum equations, a bubble phone model is proposed which can be utilized for simulation of lake amelioration by gas (air or pure oxygen) injection. Model is qualitatively and quantitatively validated by comparison with reported experiments from the literature. Hypothetical simulation of pure oxygen injection into 50 in deep lake showed that, due to ambient water entrainment into the gas plume, a significant spreading of dissolved oxygen can not be expected. Therefore, a optional gas injection strategy should be considered. Developed model can be utilized in order to propose an optimal gas injection design. Finally.. the same numerical model is proposed for simulation of flow in complex flow domains, consisting of bulk water and flow in porous medium with free surface boundary. Model is formulated in generalized curvilinear coordinates, in order to provide adequate representation of irregular boundaries. In contrast to earlier proposed boundary conditions at the two domain interface, in this model a continuity of velocities and stresses is assumed; for both regions a single set of governing equations is solved. Model application is illustrated by simulation of embankment overflow and its effect on effective stresses in the porous medium. It is showed that coupled, bulk water and groundwater flow, significantly influence the slope failure potential, here quantified by the Coulomb failure coefficient for non cohesive soils. / Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第13374号 / 工博第2845号 / 新制||工||1419(附属図書館) / 25530 / UT51-2007-Q775 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 細田 尚, 准教授 牛島 省, 准教授 後藤 仁志 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当