Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielMMG_capa_ate_cap5.pdf: 2872095 bytes, checksum: d55fa9a7b43ef3592993ec83a2ef30e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-04 / This paper presents a study on coastal hydrodynamics and the spread of an oil spill in waters off Macau and Galinhos, on the east coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte in Northeast Brazil. This area has a very marked coastal dynamic owing to the complexity of its geomorphological features, developed in a regime of semidiurnal mesotides involving reefs, spits, estuaries, mangroves, lakes and dunes. The region also plays an important role in the socioeconomic development of the state, given that the production of oil, natural gas, salt and shrimp is concentrated there. The series of oil platforms is interconnected by a pipeline system that carries oil to the local terminal. This pipeline could leak at any moment, causing immense ecological damage. To gauge the risks of an oil leak and resulting contamination of the coastal region, two hydrodynamic scenarios were simulated. The results obtained were used to implement a contaminant transport model with the creation of various oil leak scenarios modeled at different volumes (from small to large) and intensities (sporadic and continuous), at points considered critical for the model (on two platforms and at two pipeline intersections), under different wind (summer and winter) and tidal (high and low at new, full and quarter moon phases) conditions. The use of hydrodynamic circulation computer models as a tool for representing a real project design has been increasingly frequent in recent years, given that they enable the realistic simulation of the hydrodynamic circulation pattern in bodies of water and an analysis of the impacts caused by contaminants released into the water. This study used the computer models contained in SisBAHIA?, in continuous development in the area of Coastal Engineering and Oceanography at COPPE/UFRJ / Esta disserta??o apresenta um estudo sobre a hidrodin?mica costeira e a dispers?o da nuvem contaminante de ?leo na regi?o frontal a Macau e Galinhos, no litoral setentrional do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte no Nordeste do Brasil. Essa regi?o apresenta uma din?mica costeira muito acentuada devido a uma complexidade em suas fei??es geomorfol?gicas, desenvolvidas em regime de mesomar?s semidiurnas, que apresenta praias, recifes, spit, estu?rios, mangues, lagoas e dunas. A regi?o tamb?m possui um papel importante no desenvolvimento s?cio-econ?mico do Estado, por concentrar a produ??o de petr?leo e g?s natural, sal e, mais recentemente, a carcinicultura. O conjunto de plataformas petrol?feras ? interligado por dutos que levam o ?leo para o P?lo Petrol?fero localizado na regi?o e que podem a qualquer instante apresentar um vazamento que pode tomar propor??es de grande estrago ecol?gico. Para que os riscos de vazamento e contamina??o da regi?o praial fossem levantados, dois cen?rios hidrodin?micos foram simulados. Os resultados obtidos foram utilizados na implementa??o de um modelo de transporte de contaminantes com a cria??o de v?rios cen?rios de vazamentos modelados em diferentes volumes (de pequeno e grande porte) e intensidades (pontuais e cont?nuos), em pontos tomados como cr?ticos para o modelo (em duas plataformas e em duas interse??es de dutos), em diversas condi??es de ventos (ver?o e inverno) e mar?s (preamar e baixamar de siz?gia e de quadratura). A utiliza??o de modelos computacionais de circula??o hidrodin?mica como ferramenta para a representa??o de uma situa??o real de projeto tem sido cada vez mais freq?ente nos ?ltimos anos, visto que eles possibilitam a simula??o, com bastante realismo, do padr?o de circula??o hidrodin?mica em corpos d ?gua e analisam os impactos causados por lan?amentos de contaminantes na ?gua. Neste trabalho utilizou-se os modelos computacionais contidos no SisBAHIA?, em desenvolvimento continuado na ?rea de Engenharia Costeira e Oceanogr?fica da COPPE/UFRJ

Um dos grandes desafios da gestÃo ambiental à compatibilizar a preservaÃÃo com os usos mÃltiplos, sendo fundamental o conhecimento dos fatores condicionantes das modificaÃÃes das condiÃÃes naturais dos reservatÃrios e respectiva bacia hidrogrÃfica. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho aborda temas como: caracterizaÃÃo morfomÃtrica da bacia hidrogrÃfica e hidrÃulica do aÃude Acarape do Meio â CE; simulaÃÃo da circulaÃÃo hidrodinÃmica para o ano de 2012 a partir do programa SisBaHiA, assim como, a estimaÃÃo do tempo de residÃncia e das taxas de renovaÃÃo; e para averiguar aspectos da evoluÃÃo dos processos de degradaÃÃo da qualidade da Ãgua, processou-se quatro imagem de satÃlite Landsat 5 â TM. A partir da anÃlise dos resultados da pesquisa, constatou-se que: a bacia hidrogrÃfica do aÃude Acarape do Meio tem aproximadamente 10,31% da Ãrea degradada; identificou-se que a bacia hidrÃulica tem formato dendrÃtico com elevado desenvolvimento de perÃmetro. Quanto aos aspectos relacionados à modelagem ambiental estimou-se que o comportamento da circulaÃÃo hidrodinÃmica apresentou baixa velocidade das correntes; a taxa de renovaÃÃo da Ãgua no perÃodo de chuva atingiu 100% nas Ãreas de reentrÃncias; tambÃm se identificou que o tempo de residÃncia à mais elevado nas Ãreas rasas e dendrÃticas. Com relaÃÃo à presenÃa de componentes Ãpticos ativos, constatou-se que ocorreu o aumento na resposta espectral das imagens Landsat 5 â TM, referente ao perÃodo de 11 anos (2001 a 2011), que se relaciona com o aumento da clorofila a ao longo dos anos, que à consequÃncia do processo de eutrofizaÃÃo. / One of the great challenges of environmental management is compatible the preservation with the water multiple uses, with fundamental knowledge of the factors conditioning the changes of the natural conditions of the reservoirs and their watershed. In this context, this paper ad-dresses topics such as: morphometric characterization of the Acarape do Meio (Cearà State) river basin and it hydraulic weir; simulation of hydrodynamic circulation for the year 2012 with the SisBaHiA program, as well as the estimation of the residence time and renewal fees, and to investigate aspects of the evolution of the processes of degradation of water quality, from four satellite images Landsat 5 - TM. From the analysis of the survey results, it was found that the catchment area of the dam Acarape do Meio has approximately 10,31% of the degraded area and it was found that the hydraulic basin has dendritic format with high perimeter development. For the aspects related to environmental modeling, it was estimated that the hydrodynamic behavior of circulating currents showed low speeds, the renewal rate of the water during the rainy season reached 100% in the areas of recesses and also it was found that the residence time is higher in the shallow and dendritic areas. With respect to the presence of active optical components, it was found that there was an increase in the spectral response of Landsat 5 - TM for the 11 years period (2001 to 2011), which relates to the increase of chlorophyll a throughout the years, which is a eutrophication consequence.

Αναφορές για την υποξία ή ακόμη και την ανοξία, υπήρχαν παγκοσμίως σε όλη τη διάρκεια των γεωλογικών ετών. Ωστόσο, η αρνητική τάση της συγκέντρωσης του οξυγόνου στις θάλασσες, που καταγράφεται μετά το 1950, σε συνδυασμό με τις αυξημένες διαστάσεις που λαμβάνει καθημερνά η υποξία, αλλά και τις δυσοίωνες προβλέψεις για ετήσια μελλοντική μείωση των συγκεντρώσεων του οξυγόνου, έχουν οδηγήσει στο χαρακτηρισμό της ως ένα παγκόσμιο πρόβλημα. Ο συνδυασμός φυσικών και ανθρωπογενών διεργασιών, αλλά και οι αρνητικές επιδράσεις του ευτροφισμού, ως αποτέλεσμα της παροχής μεγάλων ποσοτήτων θρεπτικών αλάτων αζώτου και φωσφόρου, σχετίζονται άμεσα με την παγκόσμια αύξηση των υποξικών περιοχών. Ανάμεσα στα πιο επιρρεπή περιβάλλοντα στην εμφάνιση υποξικών/ανοξικών συνθηκών είναι οι ημί-κλειστοι κόλποι. Η επικράτηση ή ακόμη και η εκδήλωση υποξικών συνθηκών σε ένα τέτοιο περιβάλλον, εκτός από την αρνητική επίδραση που έχει στους οργανισμούς και τα ενδιαιτήματά τους, επηρεάζει άμεσα αφενός την τροφική αλυσίδα και αφετέρου τις βιογεωχημικές διεργασίες που λαμβάνουν χώρα στο εσωτερικό του. Ο Αμβρακικός Κόλπος, αποτελεί ένα χαρακτηριστικό παράδειγμα ημί-κλειστου κόλπου, τύπου φιόρδ, στη Μεσόγειο, εφόσον το μοναδικό σημείο επικοινωνίας του με την ανοιχτή θάλασσα είναι ο στενός δίαυλος του Ακτίου. Παρά τη σημαντικότητα του συγκεκριμένου περιβάλλοντος, η εξέλιξη και η ανάπτυξη του ανθρώπινου παράγοντα, έχουν οδηγήσει το οικοσύστημα του κόλπου σε ιδιαίτερα οριακό σημείο, υποβαθμίζοντας συνεχώς την ποιότητα των υδάτων του. Σκοπό της συγκεκριμένης διδακτορικής διατριβής, αποτέλεσε η παρακολούθηση, κατανόηση και ερμηνεία του τρόπου λειτουργίας ενός Μεσογειακού κλειστού κόλπου, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της υδροδυναμικής κυκλοφορίας και των φυσικοχημικών διεργασιών που λαμβάνουν χώρα στο εσωτερικό του, καθώς επίσης και η ανάδειξη της δυναμικής και του μηχανισμού δημιουργίας της υποξικής/ανοξικής ζώνης που χαρακτηρίζει ένα τέτοιο περιβάλλον. Για την επίτευξη των προαναφερθέντων, πραγματοποιήθηκε συστηματική παρακολούθηση των φυσικοχημικών, ωκεανογραφικών και μετεωρολογικών χαρακτηριστικών του συστήματος του Αμβρακικού, μέσω μιας σειράς εποχιακών και διμηνιαίων δειγματοληψιών, συνολικής διάρκειας δύο ετών. Επιπρόσθετα, για τις ανάγκες της μελέτης της υδροδυναμικής κυκλοφορίας του κόλπου, προσομοιώθηκε η κυκλοφορία του, χρησιμοποιώντας ένα κατάλληλο τρισδιάστατο αριθμητικό ομοίωμα. Η βαθμονόμηση, η επαλήθευση και η προσομοίωση της υδροδυναμικής του Αμβρακικού, πραγματοποιήθηκε χρησιμοποιώντας δεδομένα, τα οποία και συλλέχθηκαν κατά τη διάρκεια των διετών δειγματοληψιών. Η μόνιμη στρωμάτωση της υδάτινης στήλης του κόλπου, σε όλη τη διάρκεια του έτους, ως αποτέλεσμα της παροχής μεγάλων ποσοτήτων γλυκού νερού επιφανειακά, σε συνδυασμό με τον εμπλουτισμό της υδάτινης στήλης με θρεπτικά στοιχεία, είναι οι σημαντικότερες διεργασίες οι οποίες οδήγησαν στην περεταίρω υποβάθμιση του συστήματος τα τελευταία τριάντα χρόνια. Τα κύρια χαρακτηριστικά αυτής, είναι η επικράτηση πλέον υποξικών συνθηκών στο μεγαλύτερο τμήμα του κόλπου, καθώς επίσης και η εποχιακή εμφάνιση ανοξικών συνθηκών στο βαθύτερο στρώμα της υδάτινης στήλης. Η δυναμική της υποξικής ζώνης, η οποία αναπτύσσεται στο εσωτερικό του κόλπου, εκφράζεται μέσω ενός ιδιαίτερα γνώριμου προτύπου κυρίως σε παρόμοια περιβάλλοντα (τύπου φιόρδ) των Σκανδιναβικών χωρών, ωστόσο, σπάνιου ή ακόμη και πρωτόγνωρου για τα Μεσογειακά δεδομένα. Η εισροή των υδάτων της ανοιχτής θάλασσας, η οποία λαμβάνει χώρα σαν ένα ρεύμα, πυκνού νερού κοντά στο πυθμένα, είναι η κύρια αιτία εμπλουτισμού των βαθύτερων στρωμάτων του κόλπου με οξυγόνο. Το γεγονός αυτό έχει ως αποτέλεσμα η υδάτινη στήλη να οξυγονώνεται από τα βαθύτερα προς τα ρηχότερα τμήματα αυτής και ένα στρώμα νερού υποξικών/ανοξικών συνθηκών να επιπλέει σε ενδιάμεσα βάθη. Η προσομοίωση της ετήσιας υδροδυναμικής κυκλοφορίας του Αμβρακικού, ενός συστήματος με τόσο ιδιαίτερα μορφολογικά και υδρολογικά χαρακτηριστικά, βοήθησε στην κατανόηση και περιγραφή των υδροδυναμικών διεργασιών που λαμβάνουν χώρα ετησίως και ελέγχουν την οξυγόνωση του βαθύτερου τμήματος της υδάτινης στήλης. Ανάμεσα στις πιο σημαντικές συγκαταλέγονται η διαφορά πυκνότητας μεταξύ των υδάτων της ανοιχτής θάλασσας και του βαθύτερου τμήματος του Αμβρακικού, η οποία σε συνδυασμό με την έκταση του πυκνοκλινούς και την παροχή γλυκού νερού από του δύο ποταμούς που εκβάλλουν στο εσωτερικό, ελέγχουν το βάθος της εισροής και κατ’ επέκταση το βαθμό της οξυγόνωσης του βαθύτερου στρώματος του κόλπου. Από την ολοκληρωμένη παρακολούθηση των χημικών χαρακτηριστικών της υδάτινης στήλης, την εκτίμηση της ποιότητας και της τροφικής κατάστασης των υδάτων του Αμβρακικού, προέκυψε στο συμπέρασμα ότι τελικά ο Αμβρακικός, είναι ένα μεσοτροφικό και εποχιακά ευτροφικό περιβάλλον. Ο ευτροφικός χαρακτήρας του κόλπου, χρονικά συνδέεται άμεσα με την περίοδο των μέγιστων παροχών των ποταμών, υποδεικνύοντας την καθοριστική συμβολή τους στην ποιότητα των υδάτων του κόλπου. / Hypoxic or even anoxic references existed globally throughout the geological age. However, the negative trend of the oxygen concentration is recorded after 1950. This, in combination with the increased dimensions that hypoxia is daily receiving and also ominous predictions for the future annual reduction of its concentrations, have led to the characterization as a global problem. The combination of natural and anthropogenic processes and also the negative effects of eutrophication as a result of the enrichment with large amounts of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, are directly related to the global increase of hypoxic areas. Among the most prone environments in appearance of hypoxic / anoxic conditions are semi-enclosed bays. The dominance or even the appearance of hypoxic conditions in such an environment, apart from the negative impact that it has on organisms and their habitats, directly affects both the food chain and also the biogeochemical processes that take place inside it. Amvrakikos Gulf, is a characteristic example of semi-enclosed bay, fjord-type, in the Mediterranean Sea, as its only connection with the open sea is the narrow inlet of Aktio. Despite the importance of this environment, the evolution and development of human factors have led the ecosystem of the gulf in particular boundary point, degrading constantly the water quality. The main purpose of this thesis, has been the monitoring, understanding and interpretation the mode of operation of a Mediterranean semi-enclosed bay, including hydrodynamic circulation and physicochemical processes that take place inside, as well as highlighting of dynamic and forming mechanism of hypoxic / anoxic zone which characterizes such an environment. In order the above targets to be achieved, a systematic monitoring of physico-chemical, oceanographic and meteorological characteristics of Amvrakikos Gulf takes place, through a series of seasonal and bimonthly samplings, of two years duration. Additionally, for the purposes of the study of hydrodynamic circulation, an appropriate three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was used. The calibration and verification of the hydrodynamic model and the simulation of the hydrodynamic circulation takes place using data, which were collected during the two-year sampling. The permanent stratification of the water column , throughout the year, as a result of the surface enrichment with large quantities of fresh water ,in combination with the water column' s enrichment with nutrients, are the most important processes which lead to further degradation of the system over the last thirty years. The main characteristics of this degradation are the dominance of hypoxic conditions in the greater part of the gulf, and the seasonal occurrence of anoxic conditions in the deepest layer of the water column. The dynamics of the hypoxic zone, which grows inside the gulf, expressed through a very familiar pattern mainly in similar environments (fjord-type) of the Scandinavian countries, however, it is rare or even unprecedented for the Mediterranean area. The inflow of waters of the open sea, which occurs as a stream of dense water near the bottom, is the main reason of enrichment of the deepest layers of the bay with oxygen. This has resulted in the water column to be oxygenated from its deepest to the shallowest parts and a water layer with hypoxic / anoxic conditions to be floated at intermediate depths. The simulation of the annual hydrodynamic circulation of Amvrakikos Gulf, a system with both morphological and hydrological characteristics, helped the understanding and description of hydrodynamic processes that take place annually and monitor the oxygenation of the deepest parts of the water column. Among the most important processes are included the density difference between the waters of the open sea and the deepest part of Amvrakikos Gulf, which combined with the extent of pycnocline and supply of fresh water from the two rivers that flow inside, control the depth of the input and consequently the degree of oxygenation of the deeper layer of the gulf. The comprehensive monitoring of the chemical characteristics of the water column, the assess of the quality and trophic status of waters of Amvrakikos Gulf have shown that eventually Amvrakikos Gulf is a mesotrophic and seasonally eutrophic environment. The eutrophic character of the gulf, is directly related to the period of maximum discharges of rivers, indicating the vital contribution to the water quality of the bay.

Στον Πατραϊκό κόλπο έχουν γίνει πλήθος ερευνητικών εργασιών με διαφορετικά αντικείμενα. Στη Φυσική Ωκεανογραφία φαίνεται να εμφανίζεται ένα ερευνητικό κενό, που αφορά την προσομοίωση της κυκλοφορίας του νερού στην περιοχή. Το κενό αυτό προσπαθεί να καλύψει η εργασία αυτή, με απώτερο σκοπό την κατανόηση του υδροδυναμικού καθεστώτος της περιοχής μελέτης. Στην εργασία χρησιμοποιούνται όλες οι υφιστάμενες βιβλιογραφικές πηγές και μετρήσεις. Επίσης χρησιμοποιείται το μαθηματικό μοντέλο ΜΙΚΕ21 για την δυσδιάστατη προσομοίωση της κυκλοφορίας του νερού αφού πρώτα προηγήθηκε η βαθμονόμηση του. Το αποτέλεσμα της εργασίας αυτής οδηγεί στην κατανόηση της δυσδιάστατης υδροδυναμικής κυκλοφορίας του νερού, κυρίως στον Πατραϊκό κόλπο αλλά και στο Στενό Ρίου – Αντιρρίου και σε ένα μικρό τμήμα του Κορινθιακού κόλπου. / In the Patras gulf they have become many of inquiring work with different objects. In the Natural Oceanography it appears that is presented an inquiring void that concerns the simulation of circulation of water in the region. This project tries to cover this void, with final aim the comprehension of hydrodynamic arrangement of region of study. In the work are used all the existing bibliographic sources and measurements. Also is used mathematic model MIKE21 for the 2-dimensions simulation of water circulation. The result of this work leads to the comprehension of 2-dimensions hydrodynamic circulation of water, mainly to the Patras gulf but also to the channel Rio-Antirio and to a small part of Corinthian gulf.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseEM_DISSERT_1-90.pdf: 4896611 bytes, checksum: 9ac9fa14f37adc67a0417c2b8781cf4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-28 / Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are numerical representations of a portion of the earth surface. Among several factors which affect the quality of a DEM, it should be emphasized the attention on the input data and the choice of the interpolating algorithm. On the other hand, several numerical models are used nowadays to characterize nearshore hydrodynamics and morphological changes in coastal areas, whose validation is based on field data collection. Independent on the complexity of the physical processes which are modeled, little attention has been given to the intrinsic bathymetric interpolation built within the numerical models of the specific application. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and to quantify the influence of the bathymetry, as obtained by a DEM, on the hydrodynamic circulation model at a coastal stretch, off the coast of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil. This coastal region is characterized by strong hydrodynamic and littoral processes, resulting in a very dynamic morphology with shallow coastal bathymetry. Important economic activities, such as oil exploitation and production, fisheries, salt ponds, shrimp farms and tourism, also bring impacts upon the local ecosystems and influence themselves the local hydrodynamics. This fact makes the region one of the most important for the development of the State, but also enhances the possibility of serious environmental accidents. As a hydrodynamic model, SisBaHiA? - Environmental Hydrodynamics System ( Sistema B?sico de Hidrodin?mica Ambiental ) was chosen, for it has been successfully employed at several locations along the Brazilian coast. This model was developed at the Coastal and Oceanographical Engineering Group of the Ocean Engineering Program at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Several interpolating methods were tested for the construction of the DEM, namely Natural Neighbor, Kriging, Triangulation with Linear Interpolation, Inverse Distance to a Power, Nearest Neighbor, and Minimum Curvature, all implemented within the software Surfer?. The bathymetry which was used as reference for the DEM was obtained from nautical charts provided by the Brazilian Hydrographic Service of the Brazilian Navy and from a field survey conducted in 2005. Changes in flow velocity and free surface elevation were evaluated under three aspects: a spatial vision along three profiles perpendicular to the coast and one profile longitudinal to the coast as shown; a temporal vision from three central nodes of the grid during 30 days; a hodograph analysis of components of speed in U and V, by different tidal cycles. Small, but negligible, variations in sea surface elevation were identified. However, the differences in flow and direction of velocities were significant, depending on the DEM / Os modelos digitais de terreno (MDT) consistem na representa??o matem?tica computacional da distribui??o de um fen?meno espacial que ocorre dentro de uma regi?o da superf?cie terrestre. A qualidade da representa??o do MDT est? influenciada, dentre outros fatores, pela origem do dado e pelo algoritmo interpolador utilizado. A caracteriza??o da circula??o hidrodin?mica ? um dos estudos com apelo ambiental que se utiliza dos MDTs como dado de entrada e, independentemente da complexidade dos processos representados nos modelos num?ricos, pode ter a qualidade de seus resultados dependente da capacidade de reprodu??o do MDT usado para representar a batimetria da ?rea de interesse. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo ? avaliar a influ?ncia de batimetrias obtidas de diversos MDTs, nos padr?es de circula??o hidrodin?mica via modelagem num?rica. Para tanto, considerou-se os dados referentes ? regi?o costeira do nordeste do Brasil, correspondente ao litoral setentrional do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, frontal aos munic?pios de Macau, Guamar? e Galinhos. Essa regi?o se caracteriza pela forte presen?a de processos f?sicos costeiros, com batimetria rasa e complexas fei??es de fundo. A presen?a intensa de atividades petrol?feras faz da regi?o uma das mais importantes para o desenvolvimento socioecon?mico do estado, mas, por outro lado, potencializa a possibilidade de acidentes ambientais de grandes e graves propor??es. O modelo de circula??o hidrodin?mica utilizado foi o 2DH, que faz parte do Sistema de Hidrodin?mica Ambiental, chamado SisBaHiA?, desenvolvido pela ?rea de Engenharia Costeira e Oceanogr?fica do Programa de Engenharia Oce?nica da COPPE/UFRJ. Os interpoladores avaliados foram Vizinho Natural, Krigagem, Triangula??o Irregular Linear, Inverso da Dist?ncia, Vizinho mais Pr?ximo, M?nima Curvatura, Fun??o de Base Radial, Polin?mio Local, Regress?o Polinomial, M?dia M?vel, M?trica de Dados e M?todo de Shepard Modificado, implementados no software comercial Surfer? para a gera??o dos MDTs. Os dados batim?tricos, que serviram como base para a constru??o dos MDTs, s?o oriundos de campanha de campo e de cartas n?uticas. Os resultados das modelagens foram analisados pelas avalia??es dos campos de velocidade e eleva??o, sob tr?s aspectos: uma vis?o espacial dos resultados, atrav?s da an?lise de tr?s perfis perpendiculares ? linha de costa e um perfil transversal ? linha de costa; uma vis?o temporal dos resultados, ao longo do per?odo de 30 dias, a partir de tr?s n?s centrais da malha; e finalmente uma an?lise hodogr?fica das componentes de velocidade em U e V, em diferentes ciclos de mar?s. Foram verificadas varia??es pouco significativas nos campos de eleva??es, podendo as mesmas serem desprezadas, por?m no que diz respeito aos campos de velocidade e dire??es de fluxo, notam-se varia??es associadas aos MDTs utilizados, uma vez que todas as condicionantes hidrodin?micas foram mantidas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Dados sedimentológicos e hidrodinâmicos foram utilizados para estudar a dinâmica sedimentar da margem interna da restinga da Marambaia (baía de Sepetiba, Rio de Janeiro, SE Brasil). Foram realizadas três campanhas amostrais para coleta de sedimentos ao longo da restinga da Marambaia e na área submersa adjacente. Adicionalmente, em dezembro de 2013, três fundeios simultâneos para aquisição de dados hidrodinâmicos foram conduzidos paralelamente à restinga, ao longo da profundidade média de 6,5 metros. As medições abrangeram dois ciclos de maré (25 horas), incluindo perfilagem com CTDs, perfilagem correntométrica e coleta de amostras de água para determinação das concentrações do material particulado em suspensão. A partir do processamento das amostras de sedimentos em laboratório, foram obtidos os parâmetros estatísticos (média, desvio-padrão e assimetria) para o detalhamento da caracterização sedimentológica da área de estudo, bem como a aplicação de um modelo de tendência direcional de transporte de sedimentos (GisedTrend). A restinga apresenta areias médias e bem selecionadas, enquanto as amostras coletadas na porção submersa, em profundidades maiores que 2 m, passam de areias finas e bem selecionadas a siltes finos e mal selecionados em maiores profundidades. Quatro casos de tendência de transporte foram explorados em um total de 14 possibilidades e os mais significativos foram analisados com o intuito de identificar áreas de acumulação e remoção de sedimentos, podendo estar associados aos processos responsáveis pelo transporte de sedimentos, tais como correntes geradas pelos ventos locais, marés e dispersão de plumas de sedimentos em suspensão. Os dados hidrodinâmicos, durante o período amostrado, permitiram observar o complexo padrão de circulação existente, especialmente na área adjacente à área central da restinga. Dentre as observações realizadas, verificou-se a ocorrência de assimetria da maré, fato já documentado em trabalhos anteriores conduzidos próximo ao principal canal de acesso à baia, com períodos de enchente mais curtos e períodos de vazante mais longos. Diferentemente do que foi reportado nestes trabalhos, os períodos de vazante foram associados às correntes de maior intensidade. As concentrações de material particulado em suspensão situaram-se, em média, entre 10 e 20 mg/L tanto em superfície como próximo ao fundo; no entanto, suas variações temporais não apresentaram qualquer relação com as fases da maré. Possíveis áreas de convergência e divergência da circulação / células de transporte de sedimentos foram identificadas e comparadas aos vetores de tendência de transporte obtidos através do modelo GisedTrend, com resultados satisfatórios. / Sedimentological and hydrodynamic data sets have been used to study the sediment dynamics along the Marambaia barrier island bayside shoreline (Sepetiba bay, Rio de Janeiro state, SE Brazil). Three sampling campaigns were carried out to collect surface sediment samples along the barrier island and on the nearby submersed area. Additionally, in December 2013, hydrodynamic measurements were simultaneously conducted at three anchor stations positioned parallel to the barrier island, roughly along the 6.5 m isobath. The measurements, that spanned two full tidal cycles (25 hours), included water column profiling with CTDs, water column current profiling, and water column sampling to determine suspended-sediment concentrations. Once the sediment samples had been processed in the laboratory, statistical parameters (mean, sorting and skewness) were computed, allowing the thoroughful sedimentological characterization of the study area as well as the application of a grain-size trend analysis model (GisedTrend) to determine sediment transport trend vectors. The barrier island is chiefly made up of medium, well-sorted sands grading to fine, well-sorted sands and fine, poorly-sorted silts at greater depths. Four trend cases out of the 14 possibilities were explored and the most significant were further analyzed in order to identify areas of sediment accumulation or removal, and then be associated with the possible physical processes responsible for sediment transport, such as tidal currents, wind-generated currents and dispersal of sediment plumes. Hydrodynamic data documented that, over the time scale of the measurements, the water column circulation is highly complex, especially in the area adjacent to the center of the barrier island. As already verified in the area close to the main navigational channel, tidal asymmetry was documented, with floods being shorter than ebbs. However, contrarily to these previous observations, ebb currents were stronger than flood currents. Mean suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC) ranged between 10 and 20 mg/L both close to the surface and the nearbed area; yet, no relationship between SSC temporal variability and tidal stage could be identified. Possible convergence and divergence circulation / sediment transport cells were identified and compared to the GisedTrend output, with satisfactory results.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Dados sedimentológicos e hidrodinâmicos foram utilizados para estudar a dinâmica sedimentar da margem interna da restinga da Marambaia (baía de Sepetiba, Rio de Janeiro, SE Brasil). Foram realizadas três campanhas amostrais para coleta de sedimentos ao longo da restinga da Marambaia e na área submersa adjacente. Adicionalmente, em dezembro de 2013, três fundeios simultâneos para aquisição de dados hidrodinâmicos foram conduzidos paralelamente à restinga, ao longo da profundidade média de 6,5 metros. As medições abrangeram dois ciclos de maré (25 horas), incluindo perfilagem com CTDs, perfilagem correntométrica e coleta de amostras de água para determinação das concentrações do material particulado em suspensão. A partir do processamento das amostras de sedimentos em laboratório, foram obtidos os parâmetros estatísticos (média, desvio-padrão e assimetria) para o detalhamento da caracterização sedimentológica da área de estudo, bem como a aplicação de um modelo de tendência direcional de transporte de sedimentos (GisedTrend). A restinga apresenta areias médias e bem selecionadas, enquanto as amostras coletadas na porção submersa, em profundidades maiores que 2 m, passam de areias finas e bem selecionadas a siltes finos e mal selecionados em maiores profundidades. Quatro casos de tendência de transporte foram explorados em um total de 14 possibilidades e os mais significativos foram analisados com o intuito de identificar áreas de acumulação e remoção de sedimentos, podendo estar associados aos processos responsáveis pelo transporte de sedimentos, tais como correntes geradas pelos ventos locais, marés e dispersão de plumas de sedimentos em suspensão. Os dados hidrodinâmicos, durante o período amostrado, permitiram observar o complexo padrão de circulação existente, especialmente na área adjacente à área central da restinga. Dentre as observações realizadas, verificou-se a ocorrência de assimetria da maré, fato já documentado em trabalhos anteriores conduzidos próximo ao principal canal de acesso à baia, com períodos de enchente mais curtos e períodos de vazante mais longos. Diferentemente do que foi reportado nestes trabalhos, os períodos de vazante foram associados às correntes de maior intensidade. As concentrações de material particulado em suspensão situaram-se, em média, entre 10 e 20 mg/L tanto em superfície como próximo ao fundo; no entanto, suas variações temporais não apresentaram qualquer relação com as fases da maré. Possíveis áreas de convergência e divergência da circulação / células de transporte de sedimentos foram identificadas e comparadas aos vetores de tendência de transporte obtidos através do modelo GisedTrend, com resultados satisfatórios. / Sedimentological and hydrodynamic data sets have been used to study the sediment dynamics along the Marambaia barrier island bayside shoreline (Sepetiba bay, Rio de Janeiro state, SE Brazil). Three sampling campaigns were carried out to collect surface sediment samples along the barrier island and on the nearby submersed area. Additionally, in December 2013, hydrodynamic measurements were simultaneously conducted at three anchor stations positioned parallel to the barrier island, roughly along the 6.5 m isobath. The measurements, that spanned two full tidal cycles (25 hours), included water column profiling with CTDs, water column current profiling, and water column sampling to determine suspended-sediment concentrations. Once the sediment samples had been processed in the laboratory, statistical parameters (mean, sorting and skewness) were computed, allowing the thoroughful sedimentological characterization of the study area as well as the application of a grain-size trend analysis model (GisedTrend) to determine sediment transport trend vectors. The barrier island is chiefly made up of medium, well-sorted sands grading to fine, well-sorted sands and fine, poorly-sorted silts at greater depths. Four trend cases out of the 14 possibilities were explored and the most significant were further analyzed in order to identify areas of sediment accumulation or removal, and then be associated with the possible physical processes responsible for sediment transport, such as tidal currents, wind-generated currents and dispersal of sediment plumes. Hydrodynamic data documented that, over the time scale of the measurements, the water column circulation is highly complex, especially in the area adjacent to the center of the barrier island. As already verified in the area close to the main navigational channel, tidal asymmetry was documented, with floods being shorter than ebbs. However, contrarily to these previous observations, ebb currents were stronger than flood currents. Mean suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC) ranged between 10 and 20 mg/L both close to the surface and the nearbed area; yet, no relationship between SSC temporal variability and tidal stage could be identified. Possible convergence and divergence circulation / sediment transport cells were identified and compared to the GisedTrend output, with satisfactory results.