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Perioperative hypothermia (PH) is body temperature < 36°C and may occur in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. Planned hypothermia is necessary in a select number of surgical procedures but inadvertent hypothermia has deleterious consequences. TKA is a painful procedure and PH may enhance or diminish the effect of opioids and TKA pain – its effect is unclear. A new treatment for PH is a forced-air warming gown. A randomized control trial of 30 TKA patients compared the standard treatment of warm cotton blankets to a forced-air warming gown. Patients treated with the warming gown had higher temperatures (p < 0.001), used less opioid (p = 0.05) and had more satisfaction (p = 0.004) than the standard blanket group. This study suggests that warming gowns may be an effective alternative to averting PH and advocates for more research to explore the relationship between PH and its effect on pain and opioids.

Thesis (M. Res.(Med.))--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-74)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Rhode Island, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 172-180).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1982. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-146).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-70).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin. School of Nursing, 1976. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

During the late 1970s, when oil exploration and extraction from the North Sea were at a peak, there was increasing concern about the number of episodes of unexplained confusion, loss of consciousness and deaths during dives. Previous field measurements on divers had demonstrated that divers became hypothermic with little or no sensation of cold, despite suit heating using tepid water pumped from the surface. This thesis describes laboratory experiments designed to document and to determine the cause of 'insidious' hypothermia. Initially, it was shown that uniform skin cooling in tepid water could produce subnormal body temperatures in all subjects tested, whether or not they had been acclimatised to cold. This symptomless fall in deep body temperature could be reversed by further chilling the hands and feet using a separate water circulation system, while the rest of the body remained in tepid water. The rise in deep body temperature was shown to be due to an increase in metabolic rate caused by shivering, with cold-acclimatised subjects shivering less. The main cause of 'insidious' hypothermia is therefore inadequate skin stimulation of thermoregulatory reflexes by lukewarm water, with previous cold water exposure further reducing responses. The next series of experiments was designed, to assess the impairment of memory and reasoning processes by oold, since most previous evidence find been inadequate or anecdotal. Psychological tests were administered during the unusual physiological circumstances on rewarming after oold immersion, where subjects felt warm and comfortable, but had a low or falling deep body temperature. The results clearly showed that the ability to form new memories was seriously impaired, even by mild falls in temperature, and that reasoning processes were greatly prolonged, although remaining accurate. The current work has therefore successfully determined the cause of the hypothermia which occurs in lukewarm water, and has shown that mental abilities are seriously affected early in the development of hypothermia.

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements tor the degree of Master of Medicine (Anaesthesia) in the Department of Anaesthesla University of the Witwatersrand / This study investigated the postoperative management of hypothermia of intraoperative origin using a forced-air convective warming device. Hypothermia develops during the intraoperative period partly as a result of disordered thermoregulation induced by anaesthesia and partly because of the nature of the operational injury and the surgical environment. Both the hypothermic state and the consequences of physiological attempts to return the core temperature to normal, which take place during the postoperative period, are associated with non-beneficial effects. Attempts to prevent intraoperative decline in core temperature are a part of anaesthesia management. However, most of the traditional options available are inefficient or ineffective, particularly in adults. This study evaluated the performance of a new device, the forced-air convective warmer, in the management of the postoperative hypothermic state. Results showed that when compared to a hypothermic control group the device made a significant difference to the thermal state of a group of hypothermic postoperative patients but only if it was used for at least two hours postoperation. / Andrew Chakane 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate various interventions used for rewarming patients with post-anesthetic hypothermia and to determine which treatments are most effective. Hypothermia is a potential complication that is seen in many patients post-operatively. It is defined as any temperature below 35 degrees Celsius (C) or 95.8 degrees Fahrenheit (F). The combination of anesthesia, cold room temperatures, and compromised patients predisposes them to hypothermia. Physicians and nurses need to understand the potential complications that can occur if patients are left to rewarm themselves passively. Many strategies are available to help patients achieve normothermia. In this review of research, the physiology of thermoregulation, complications of, and treatments for hypothermia are presented.