Thesis deals with harmonization of financial reporting in the area of insurance contracts. IFRS 4 phase I adjusts reporting of insurance contracts, defines a term insurance contract, bans generating catastrophe provisions or equalisation provisions, show a new view at reporting of insurance contract with discretionary participation feature and at reporting embedded derivates.IFRS 4 phase II solves complex reporting of insurance contracts. The aim is to achieve "real" measurement of liabilities arising from insurance contracts. The thesis shows a measurement model form exposure draft.

This thesis is dedicated to the newly proposed International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 4 - Insurance contracts, lists and describes the most important points of the standard in the first and the second phase of the project. The first phase of the project establishes the definition of insurance contracts and other essential concepts. The first phase of the insurance contract provides only a temporary solution for measuring and reporting of insurance contracts until approved and adopted the final draft standard from the second phase. The second phase of the project proposes a new valuation model for insurance contracts based on four pillars, introduces new requirements for disclosure in the financial statements and presentation of financial statements.

This thesis deals with phase II of IFRS 4 Insurance contracts. The aim of the standard is to establish the principles that an entity should apply to report useful information to users of its financial statements about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows from insurance contracts, so that the financial statements of the entity are comparable with financial statements of other entities. Therefore IASB introduced building blocks measurement model, where an insurance contract is measured based on the present value of expected fulfillment cash flows, risk margin and contractual service margin. The building blocks model is based on making extensive judgments when measuring the insurance contracts. To explain the judgments, the standard requires the entity to disclose details about the judgments in the footnotes to the financial statements. The building blocks model is used mainly for life insurance contracts. For contracts that last one year or less (usually non-life insurance contracts) the standard allows the entities to use a simplified approach for measuring insurance contracts that is similar as the current practice of measuring non-life insurance contracts. Revenues from insurance contracts should depict the transfer of promised services arising from the insurance contract in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those services (this approach is in line with the prepared IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers).

Problematika zajištění pojišťoven - jak po stránce teoretické, tak na praktických příkladech. Charakteristika zajištění, subjekty zajistného trhu a význam zajištění. Klasifikace zajištění dle jednotlivých forem a typů. Zajistný program, zajistná smlouva a cena zajištění. Právní úprava komerčního pojišťovnictví v ČR. Mezinárodní harmonizace účetnictví pojišťoven. Souhrnné příklady účtování zajištění dle platné legislativy ČR. Příklad účtování zajistné smlouvy dle IFRS 4.

Les évolutions récentes tant des dispositifs réglementaires et comptables que des pratiques de place conduisent à une analyse plus fine et plus segmentée des risques portés par un régime de rentes viagères. Dans ce contexte, une révision de la modélisation classique d'un tel régime s'impose, en tenant compte notamment au passif du risque associé à l'incertitude sur la mortalité future (mortalité stochastique et risque de modèle) et à l'actif au caractère essentiellement discontinu des cours des actifs dans lequel le régime investit ses avoirs. Le présent travail définit les grandes lignes d'une modélisation actif / passif d'un régime de rentes viagères intégrant ces contraintes.

The target of this thesis is to compare access of national legislation and international financial reporting standards to classificaton of insurance contracts on one hand and on the other hand to compare accounting requirements, that should all entities meet. Subject of investigation is a new civil code (Act no. 89/2012 Sb.), decree no. 502/2002 Sb., Czech accounting standards and IFRS 4 for insurance contracts. Thesis, made of theoretical basis and also illusstrative examples, proves that access of IFRS 4 can lead to different outputs. According to IFRS 4, it does not depend on subject, who issue a contracts, but it depends on structure of the contract. It means, that all companies should be testing their contracts regardless on the scope of bussines. Further more IFRS 4 also requires higher level of knowledge and independent decision-making of accounting department and it should provide more detailed comment to financial statement at the same time.

The impact of our membership of European Union on Czech insurance market - EU Law Directions and their consequences for insurance market including changes in compulsory Road Traffic Act Insurance, experience tables, rating, IFRS 4 and Solvency II

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:39:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Victor Hugo Cesar Bagnati.pdf: 1219433 bytes, checksum: b1d30c6fdd4234bf373df016384348e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-17 / The purpose of this paper is to analyze the changes in IFRS4 as proposed by IASB and to make a contribution in the discussions about the challenges for implementing it in Brazil. An insurance company is a financial entity, picking up, in advance, resources from the public against future guarantee. On the other side, similar risks affecting banks also threatens insurance companies. Due to the role of banking activities in the economy, operational and solvency rules were established for financial entities based on enterprise risk management approach, there are the rules of Basel I and II. Similar requirements guided the insurance market, the so called Solvency I and II. At the same time, international organizations have been up-dating the accounting principles and the financial reports to the new dynamic and new financial instruments, so in 2008, the IASB published the consolidated standards, IFRS, including rules for insurance contracts accounting. Actions already taken and forthcoming are implemented in world scale, no more solely in one country, is the globalization of accounting principles. The implementation of IRFS4 has also other advantages as to facilitate the comparison of financial situation between Brazilian companies and also to other markets. The Brazilian Commissioner SUSEP, had been following the international practice, introducing them, gradually, in the Brazilian Insurance Market. According the opinions of specialist in these matters, recently interviewed, and as result of the interpretation of their comments, the new rules will, no doubt, will impact in company reporting both from the qualitative and quantitative points of view. About the qualitative side, are strong expectations that future financial reports, prepared under new accounting rules allows the users of the information to clearly understand the type of risks underwrites by the entities. While, from the quantitative side, valuation of assets and liabilities, based on concepts of fair value and present value of future cash flows, will impact in the calculation of the net worth, and consequently in the solvency of the entity. If the new accounting rules for insurance contracts issued by SUSEP, following most of the CPC11, demonstrates the difficulties to implement some concepts, as an example, the reporting of reinsurance operations, surely, the phase II of IFRS4 will bring to the market more troubles. On the other side, according the same experts, to achieve satisfactory results it will be necessary that, both actuaries and accountants, working hard together, in order to understand and apply the accounting rules in a correct way / O presente trabalho tem por objetivos analisar a proposta do IASB de alteração do pronunciamento IFRS4 e contribuir para a discussão dos principais desafios para a sua aplicação no Brasil. Uma entidade seguradora é uma instituição financeira, captando recursos dos clientes em troca de uma garantia futura, de modo que, essas entidades estão sujeitas a riscos semelhantes aos que ameaçam os bancos. Devido à importância da atividade bancária na economia foram estabelecidas normas operacionais e de solvência para essas entidades, com foco na gestão de riscos (ERM), são as chamadas regras Basiléia I e II. As seguradoras são alcançadas por regras similares: Solvência I e II. Em paralelo, os órgãos contábeis internacionais foram adaptando os princípios e as demonstrações à nova dinâmica do mercado e aos novos instrumentos financeiros, assim sendo, em 2008, o IASB publica o texto consolidado das IFRS, com regras para contabilização dos contratos de seguros, dentre outros itens. Todas as ações realizadas e as que estão por vir o são em escala mundial, já não mais são exclusivamente de um país ou realizadas de forma isolada: é a globalização da informação contábil. É claro que a adoção pelo Brasil das regras IFRS, facilitará a comparação da situação patrimonial e dos resultados não só entre as entidades locais, como também com outros mercados seguradores. No mercado segurador brasileiro, a Superintendência de Seguros Privados vem acompanhando as normas internacionais, incorporando-as, gradualmente, às práticas locais. Como é evidenciado através da pesquisa realizada, e com mais clareza, pela leitura e interpretação das entrevistas com especialistas nesta matéria, as novas regras terão, sem dúvida, impacto significativo nas demonstrações contábeis tanto do ponto de vista qualitativo quanto do ponto de vista quantitativo. No que diz respeito a qualidade, a expectativa é que as futuras demonstrações contábeis sejam mais esclarecedoras para os usuários dessa informação, no que diz respeito a divulgação dos riscos assumidos pelas entidades. Pelo lado quantitativo, a avaliação dos ativos financeiros e dos passivos da operação, com base no valor justo e o valor presente dos fluxos futuros, impactarão no patrimônio líquido das entidades e consequentemente na determinação da sua solvência. Se a norma contábil da Superintendência, que adota grande parte do pronunciamento CPC nº 11, sobre contratos de seguros, cujo cumprimento é exigido a partir de 2011, mostrou as dificuldades da aplicação de alguns conceitos, como por exemplo, o da apresentação da operação de resseguro, imagina-se que a futura norma, provavelmente bem próxima ao IFRS4 (fase II) vai trazer maiores dificuldades. Entretanto, em opinião dos especialistas que participaram das entrevistas, para alcançar resultados satisfatórios, será necessário que atuários e contadores se preparem de forma coordenada, no intuito de poder interpreta-las e aplica-las corretamente