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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
231

2-norbornyl cations /

Macmillan, James Gordon January 1969 (has links)
No description available.
232

Complexes of some monovalent and divalent cations with tri- and tetrametaphosphate in aqueous solutions /

Kalliney, Sami Yusef January 1970 (has links)
No description available.
233

Bactericidal action of positive and negative ions in air

Fletcher, L.A., Gaunt, L.F., Beggs, Clive B., Shepherd, Simon J., Sleigh, P.A., Noakes, C.J., Kerr, Kevin G. January 2007 (has links)
In recent years there has been renewed interest in the use of air ionisers to control of the spread of airborne infection. One characteristic of air ions which has been widely reported is their apparent biocidal action. However, whilst the body of evidence suggests a biocidal effect in the presence of air ions the physical and biological mechanisms involved remain unclear. In particular, it is not clear which of several possible mechanisms of electrical origin (i.e. the action of the ions, the production of ozone, or the action of the electric field) are responsible for cell death. A study was therefore undertaken to clarify this issue and to determine the physical mechanisms associated with microbial cell death. In the study seven bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium parafortuitum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Bacillus subtilis and Serratia marcescens) were exposed to both positive and negative ions in the presence of air. In order to distinguish between effects arising from: (i) the action of the air ions; (ii) the action of the electric field, and (iii) the action of ozone, two interventions were made. The first intervention involved placing a thin mica sheet between the ionisation source and the bacteria, directly over the agar plates. This intervention, while leaving the electric field unaltered, prevented the air ions from reaching the microbial samples. In addition, the mica plate prevented ozone produced from reaching the bacteria. The second intervention involved placing an earthed wire mesh directly above the agar plates. This prevented both the electric field and the air ions from impacting on the bacteria, while allowing any ozone present to reach the agar plate. With the exception of Mycobacterium parafortuitum, the principal cause of cell death amongst the bacteria studied was exposure to ozone, with electroporation playing a secondary role. However in the case of Mycobacterium parafortuitum, electroporation resulting from exposure to the electric field appears to have been the principal cause of cell inactivation. The results of the study suggest that the bactericidal action attributed to negative air ions by previous researchers may have been overestimated.
234

Influência dos íons cloreto na cinética de redução eletroquímica dos íons de Bi+3 e CU2+ no eletrodo de mercúrio / Influence of chloride ions on the electrochemical reduction of Bi3+ and Cu2+ ions on mercury electrode

Agostinho, Silvia Maria Leite 03 November 1975 (has links)
A influência de pequenas concentrações de íons cloreto na cinética de redução eletroquímica dos íons Bi3+ e Cu2+ foi estudada através de medidas independentes de adsorção específica e de cinética eletroquímica. A adsorção específica foi determinada por meio das curvas eletrocapilares obtidas com o método do tempo de gota, para soluções aquosas de misturas de ácido clorídrico xM e de ácido perclórico (1 - x)M. Obeservou-se que, em concentrações de cloreto muito baixas, iguais ou inferiores a 10-2 M, a adsorção específica desses íons segue a isoterma de adsorção de Henry. A cinética da redução eletroquímica dos íons de Bi3+ e Cu2+, na presença de pequenas concentrações de íons cloreto, em meio de ácido perclórico 1 M, foi estudada por polarografia com o eletrodo de mercúrio. Os valores das constantes de velocidade foram calculados, a partir da relação existente entre a corrente, medida em cada potencial, e a corrente de difusão, usando as equações relativas a processos de eletrodos irreversíveis. Estes valores mostraram que, para as concentrações mais baixas de cloreto estudadas, esses íons aceleram as reações Bi3+ + 3e → Bi(Hg) e Cu2+ + 2e → Cu(Hg). O mecanismo de redução, por outro lado, permanece o mesmo já observado por outros autores em soluções de ácido perclórico puro, ou seja, os íons Bi3+ e Cu2+ são reduzidos em etapas de um elétron com velocidades comparáveis. No caso do bismuto, para as concentrações mais altas de cloreto estudadas, o efeito da complexação dos íons Cl- e Bi3+ no meio da solução se torna apreciável e a influência dos íons cloreto na velocidade de redução se deve a uma ação combinada da sua adsorção específica sobre o eletrodo e da sua tendência em formar complexos. No caso do cobre apenas a adsorção específica dos íons cloreto é a responsável pelo seu efeito na cinética do processo, em virtude da não complexação dos íons Cl- e Cu2+ presentes na solução. Tanto no caso do bismuto como o do cobre se observou uma relação linear entre os logaritmos das constantes de velocidade de redução e a carga especificamente adsorvida de íons cloreto, a um potencial constante. Esses resultados estão em concordância com os modelos teóricos de PARSONS e de GUIDELLI e FORESTI, sobre a influência de íons não eletroativos especificamente adsorvidos na cinética de reações de eletrodo. presença de uma carga especificamente adsorvida, dependente do potencial do eletrodo, justifica a variação no coeficiente de transferência à medida que se varia a concentração do íon especificamente adsorvido; no caso do cobre, onde apenas a adsorção específica é a responsável pelo aumento da velocidade de redução eletroquímica, a correção no valor do coeficiente de transferência a partir dos dados de adsorção, coincide com os resultados experimentais obtidos a partir da variação do logaritmo da constante de velocidade com o potencial. / In the present work, the effect of chloride ions in small concentrations on the electrochemical reduction of Bi3+ and Cu2+ ions was studied by means of independent measurements of specific adsorption and electrode kinetics. Specific adsorption was calculated irom electrocapillary curve data, obtained by means of the drop time method for aqueous solutions of xM hydrochloric acid and (1 - x)M perchloric acid mixtures. It was observed that, for low chloride concentrations (less than or equal to 10-2M), specific adsorption of these ions on the mercury electrode obeys the Henrys adsorption isotherm. The kinetics of the electrochemical reduction of Bi3+ and Cu2+ ions, in the presence of emall concentrations of chloride ions in 1M HC104 was studied by dropping mercury electrode polarography. The rate constants was calculated from the ratio between the current, measured at each potential, and the diffusion current, using the equations for irreversible electrode processes. It is shown from these rate constansts, that for the smaller chloride concentrations, the velocity of the reaction Bi3+ + 3e → Bi(Hg) and Cu2+ + 2e Cu(Hg) is increased by the presence of chloride ions. The reduction mechanism remains the same as that observed by other investigators in pure HC104, i.e., the reduction occur in one electron steps and the rates of each step are compa¬rable. In the case of bismuth the effect of complexation of Bi3+ by Cl- ions is appreciable for the higher chloride concentrations; the influence of the chloride ions on the reduction velocity thus results from a combination of its specific adsorption on the electrode and its tendency for complex formation. In the case of copper, only the specific adsorption of chloride ions is responsible for their effect on the electrode process kinetics since there is no complexation of the Cu2+ ion by Cl- in solution. For the reductions of bath bismuth and copper ions, a linear relation between the logarithms of the rate constants and the specifically adsorbed charge of Cl- ions is observed at constant potencial. These results agree with the theoretical models of PARSONS and of GUIDELLI and FORESTI describing the effect of non-electroactive, specifically adsorbed ions on the kinetics of electrode processes. The presence of specifically adsorbed charge, that depends on the electrode potential, explains the observed variation of the transfer coefficient as the concentration of the specifically adsorbed ion is increased. For copper, in which only apecific adsorption is responsible for the increase of the velocity, transfer coefficients corrected using the specific adsorption data are in agreement with the experimental results obtained from the variation of the logarithm of the rate constant with the potential.
235

Influência dos íons cloreto na cinética de redução eletroquímica dos íons de Bi+3 e CU2+ no eletrodo de mercúrio / Influence of chloride ions on the electrochemical reduction of Bi3+ and Cu2+ ions on mercury electrode

Silvia Maria Leite Agostinho 03 November 1975 (has links)
A influência de pequenas concentrações de íons cloreto na cinética de redução eletroquímica dos íons Bi3+ e Cu2+ foi estudada através de medidas independentes de adsorção específica e de cinética eletroquímica. A adsorção específica foi determinada por meio das curvas eletrocapilares obtidas com o método do tempo de gota, para soluções aquosas de misturas de ácido clorídrico xM e de ácido perclórico (1 - x)M. Obeservou-se que, em concentrações de cloreto muito baixas, iguais ou inferiores a 10-2 M, a adsorção específica desses íons segue a isoterma de adsorção de Henry. A cinética da redução eletroquímica dos íons de Bi3+ e Cu2+, na presença de pequenas concentrações de íons cloreto, em meio de ácido perclórico 1 M, foi estudada por polarografia com o eletrodo de mercúrio. Os valores das constantes de velocidade foram calculados, a partir da relação existente entre a corrente, medida em cada potencial, e a corrente de difusão, usando as equações relativas a processos de eletrodos irreversíveis. Estes valores mostraram que, para as concentrações mais baixas de cloreto estudadas, esses íons aceleram as reações Bi3+ + 3e → Bi(Hg) e Cu2+ + 2e → Cu(Hg). O mecanismo de redução, por outro lado, permanece o mesmo já observado por outros autores em soluções de ácido perclórico puro, ou seja, os íons Bi3+ e Cu2+ são reduzidos em etapas de um elétron com velocidades comparáveis. No caso do bismuto, para as concentrações mais altas de cloreto estudadas, o efeito da complexação dos íons Cl- e Bi3+ no meio da solução se torna apreciável e a influência dos íons cloreto na velocidade de redução se deve a uma ação combinada da sua adsorção específica sobre o eletrodo e da sua tendência em formar complexos. No caso do cobre apenas a adsorção específica dos íons cloreto é a responsável pelo seu efeito na cinética do processo, em virtude da não complexação dos íons Cl- e Cu2+ presentes na solução. Tanto no caso do bismuto como o do cobre se observou uma relação linear entre os logaritmos das constantes de velocidade de redução e a carga especificamente adsorvida de íons cloreto, a um potencial constante. Esses resultados estão em concordância com os modelos teóricos de PARSONS e de GUIDELLI e FORESTI, sobre a influência de íons não eletroativos especificamente adsorvidos na cinética de reações de eletrodo. presença de uma carga especificamente adsorvida, dependente do potencial do eletrodo, justifica a variação no coeficiente de transferência à medida que se varia a concentração do íon especificamente adsorvido; no caso do cobre, onde apenas a adsorção específica é a responsável pelo aumento da velocidade de redução eletroquímica, a correção no valor do coeficiente de transferência a partir dos dados de adsorção, coincide com os resultados experimentais obtidos a partir da variação do logaritmo da constante de velocidade com o potencial. / In the present work, the effect of chloride ions in small concentrations on the electrochemical reduction of Bi3+ and Cu2+ ions was studied by means of independent measurements of specific adsorption and electrode kinetics. Specific adsorption was calculated irom electrocapillary curve data, obtained by means of the drop time method for aqueous solutions of xM hydrochloric acid and (1 - x)M perchloric acid mixtures. It was observed that, for low chloride concentrations (less than or equal to 10-2M), specific adsorption of these ions on the mercury electrode obeys the Henrys adsorption isotherm. The kinetics of the electrochemical reduction of Bi3+ and Cu2+ ions, in the presence of emall concentrations of chloride ions in 1M HC104 was studied by dropping mercury electrode polarography. The rate constants was calculated from the ratio between the current, measured at each potential, and the diffusion current, using the equations for irreversible electrode processes. It is shown from these rate constansts, that for the smaller chloride concentrations, the velocity of the reaction Bi3+ + 3e → Bi(Hg) and Cu2+ + 2e Cu(Hg) is increased by the presence of chloride ions. The reduction mechanism remains the same as that observed by other investigators in pure HC104, i.e., the reduction occur in one electron steps and the rates of each step are compa¬rable. In the case of bismuth the effect of complexation of Bi3+ by Cl- ions is appreciable for the higher chloride concentrations; the influence of the chloride ions on the reduction velocity thus results from a combination of its specific adsorption on the electrode and its tendency for complex formation. In the case of copper, only the specific adsorption of chloride ions is responsible for their effect on the electrode process kinetics since there is no complexation of the Cu2+ ion by Cl- in solution. For the reductions of bath bismuth and copper ions, a linear relation between the logarithms of the rate constants and the specifically adsorbed charge of Cl- ions is observed at constant potencial. These results agree with the theoretical models of PARSONS and of GUIDELLI and FORESTI describing the effect of non-electroactive, specifically adsorbed ions on the kinetics of electrode processes. The presence of specifically adsorbed charge, that depends on the electrode potential, explains the observed variation of the transfer coefficient as the concentration of the specifically adsorbed ion is increased. For copper, in which only apecific adsorption is responsible for the increase of the velocity, transfer coefficients corrected using the specific adsorption data are in agreement with the experimental results obtained from the variation of the logarithm of the rate constant with the potential.
236

Trapping, laser cooling, and spectroscopy of Thorium IV

Campbell, Corey Justin 07 July 2012 (has links)
Application of precision laser spectroscopy and optical clock technology to the ground and metastable, first excited state of the ²²⁹Th nucleus at < 10 eV has significant potential for use in optical frequency metrology and tests of variation of fundamental constants. This work is a report on the development of required technologies to realize such a nuclear optical clock with a single, trapped, laser cooled ²²⁹Th³⁺ ion. Creation, trapping, laser cooling, and precision spectroscopy are developed and refined first with the naturally occurring isotope, ²³²Th. These technologies are then extended to laser cooling and precision laser spectroscopy of the electronic structure of ²²⁹Th³⁺. An efficient optical excitation search protocol to directly observe this transition via the electron bridge is proposed. The extraordinarily small systematic clock shifts are estimated and the likely extraordinarily large sensitivity of the clock to variation of the fine structure constant is discussed.
237

The ionic permeability of nerve and muscle membranes

Keynes, R. D. January 1949 (has links)
No description available.
238

Triple differential cross section calculations for the ionization of molecular hydrogen and helium by position impact /

Benedek, Árpád. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in Physics and Astronomy. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-102). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR29318
239

Modélisation de la diffusion intermembranaire des ions de chlorure dans un neurone pyramidal hippocampique /

Fontaine, Charlotte. January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Thèse (M.Sc.)--Université Laval, 2007. / Bibliogr.: f. 66-70. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.
240

Pathophysiological roles, pharmacological inhibition and cellular regulation of the cardiac sarcolemmal sodium/hydrogen exchanger

Avkiran, Metin January 2002 (has links)
No description available.

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