International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / In CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP), four acknowledged modes essentially have an identical protocol for initializing and closing a file delivery. In this protocol, the system occasionally run into a state in which Sender has closed the transaction and Receiver has not closed the transaction. In this paper, we point out the danger of such state being prolonged. Such a state can be prolonged due to link occultation, extremely long propagation delay, or implementation caused by common misinterpretation of the protocol specification. We provide two failure scenarios, which occur in such a state. Then, we discuss ways of preventing such failures.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / We study the reliable (acknowledged) operation (i.e., ARQ scheme) of CFDP (CCSDS File Delivery Protocol) over single-hop space link. We focus on the immediate NAK mode, as specified in [1], under the assumption that PDU error events of forward and backward channels are statistically independent. We point out the problem of duplicated retransmissions due to the long propagation delay and analyze throughput efficiency. We also present modeling and analysis of the average time taken for the delivery of a file with an arbitrary size, which are more rigorous than currently available heuristics.

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Synthese und Charakterisierung bisensitiver Hydrogelsysteme für die Realisierung hoch leistungsfähiger chemischer Transistoren in der Mikrofluidik. Dabei wurden unterschiedliche (semi)interpenetrierende Polymernetzwerke auf Basis von N Isopropylacrylamid und Acrylsäure hergestellt und ihre Quelleigenschaften und mechanischen Stabilität bei unterschiedlichen Stimuli untersucht. Hierfür wurde die TANAKA-Kinetik modifiziert, um sie auf Proben unterschiedlicher Aspektverhältnisse anpassen zu können. Es zeigte sich der wechselseitige Einfluss der Teilnetzwerke auf die Quellgeschwindigkeit und Stabilität der (semi)interpenetrierende Polymernetzwerke. Durch eine Optimierung der Synthese konnten die Volumenänderungen der sensitiven Hydrogele gesteigert werden.

Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis (IPN), due to infection with the IPN virus (IPNv), continues to cause heavy mortalities and is endemic across the major Atlantic salmon farming regions of the world. Prevalances of 0.3-0.8 or more at the freshwater stage and 0.05 to 0.3 in the seawater phase of production are typical. Partially effective injectable vaccines are available against seawater IPN but biosecurity measures remain the main methods of control. To explore the feasibility of selecting salmon for resistance to IPN, a selective breeding program was initiated in 1996, including a series of field and experimental trials challenging known full-sib families with IPNv. A total of 404,723 fish faced IPNv challenge (376,541 seawater and 28,182 freshwater) covering 14 years and 17 separate locations across 7 sites. Mortalities and survivors following IPN challenge were counted by full-sib family and analysed as binomial data (alive / dead). Initial heritabilities were obtained from expressions based on the variance and covariance of full-sib family means for the 2001 year-group, indicating heritabilities (h2) of 0.16, range 0.08 to 0.24, and genetic correlations (rg) between replicate families of 0.71 to 0.78. These results were then confirmed by residual maximum likelihood across all seawater challenged data (year-groups 1997-2003), indicating a h2 of 0.43 (s.e.0.02) across all sites, range 0.06 to 0.40 for individual sites, and a range of rg between replicates of 0.70 to 0.87 (s.e. approx 0.05). To accommodate datasets and pedigrees approaching half a million individually identified fish, an implementation of the Reduced Animal model (RAM) was used to obtain these estimates. A similar level of genetic variation for resistance to freshwater IPN (year-groups 2005-2009) was confirmed with a h2 of 0.49, (s.e. 0.03), range 0.31 to 0.59, and rg between replicates ( 0.80 to 0.95, s.e. approx 0.05), using an Individual Animal Model. When all the data were analysed together, assuming seawater and freshwater survival to be the same trait, the heritability increased to 0.67, (s.e. 0.02). On testing this assumption, the genetic correlation between freshwater and seawater survival was found to be 0.68 s.e. 0.09. Both these pooled estimates account better than those for the individual site estimates, for the known selection of superior families that was incorporated at the earliest opportunity (2001) into the selective breeding program. To further investigate if there were favourable or antagonistic relationships operating between traits under active selection, genetic correlations between IPN mortality and a range of performance and harvest traits were obtained. When restricting the harvest data to year-groups where the harvested fish had not experienced an IPN event (2003 for seawater IPN, 2005 for freshwater IPN) : fish length and flesh colour just reached significance with seawater IPN (0.27 to 0.53. s.e. 0.14), while only harvest weight (0.30 s.e 0.11) attained significance with freshwater IPN mortality. All these correlations were antagonistic. When all the data were combined, (ie both IPN and harvest events taken from all yeargroups) these became non-significant. Taken as a whole, these results indicate that selecting salmon for resistance to both seawater and freshwater IPN challenge certainly is feasible, and that adverse effects on selection for other important production traits is not expected. How these medium to high heritabilities relate to the discovery of a major QTL for IPN resistance segregating in these populations, reported in a parallel scheme of work but based on a sub-set of the same families, is discussed.

No description available.

No description available.

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Synthese und Charakterisierung bisensitiver Hydrogelsysteme für die Realisierung hoch leistungsfähiger chemischer Transistoren in der Mikrofluidik. Dabei wurden unterschiedliche (semi)interpenetrierende Polymernetzwerke auf Basis von N Isopropylacrylamid und Acrylsäure hergestellt und ihre Quelleigenschaften und mechanischen Stabilität bei unterschiedlichen Stimuli untersucht. Hierfür wurde die TANAKA-Kinetik modifiziert, um sie auf Proben unterschiedlicher Aspektverhältnisse anpassen zu können. Es zeigte sich der wechselseitige Einfluss der Teilnetzwerke auf die Quellgeschwindigkeit und Stabilität der (semi)interpenetrierende Polymernetzwerke. Durch eine Optimierung der Synthese konnten die Volumenänderungen der sensitiven Hydrogele gesteigert werden.

The aim of master thesis was to study structural and transport properties of PVA films modified with method of semi-IPN with suitable polyectrolytes and plasticizers. The first important step was optimalization of PVA films preparation, when time of heating was set at 90 °C for 1 hour. Drying was set at 50 °C for 24 hours. Molecular weight of PVA was chosen 85–124 kDa in concentration 10 wt.%. For preparation of PVA-based semi-IPN thin films polyelectrolytes (polyglutamic acid, DEAE-dextran hydrochloride) and plasticizer (glycerol) were selected. Basic characterization of prepared materials was performed with FTIR, TGA, SEM and specific surface analysis. The difference between modified PVA films was in the chargé of individual functional groups carried by used polyelectrolytes. Surfaces of all the PVA films were smooth without visible defects. Transport properties were characterized with the method of horizontal diffusion cell with methylen blue used as a probe. Diffusion coefficients of methylen blue through PVA films were determined. It was found, that the fastest pass was throw PVA film without additives. The slowest diffusion was observed through PVA/DEAE-dextran film, because of the same charge of the film with a probe. PVA/PGA reacted with methylen blue to form a complex. Plasticizer effect on the diffusion was only minor; it caused a slight decrease of diffusion coefficient. These films were easier to handle.

The aim of this thesis is to describe two central narratives of the Holocaust in the collective memory of Poland on the example of the clash of these narratives in one of the biggest debates in Polish history, triggered by the publication of Jan Tomasz Gross's book Neighbours in 2000. The first attempt to focus legislatively on those who do not follow the official narrative of the past of the Holocaust, was the creation of "Lex Gross" in 2006 during the first period of the reign of the right-wing conservative political party PiS. In 2018, the proposed legislation was elaborated into an Amendment to the Act on the IPN, known as "Holocaust Law" which had provoked a great controversy. The aim of this one-case study of the amendment is to present the motives for the amendment and explain the controversy it provoked within the framework of politics of memory of PiS. The amendment is interpreted in the context of different narratives of Holocaust, so-called memory wars - that means in the collective memories of the national states on the one hand, and of transnational acteurs on the other. Thus, memory may become the subject of populism, which heralds the disintegration of the neoliberal consensus.

De nouveaux matériaux à base de polyisobutène (PIB) linéaire non fonctionnel ont été élaborés dans l'objectif d'élargir les domaines d'application des polyisobutènes de masses molaires intermédiaires (10 000 < Mn < 100 000 g.mol-1), actuellement peu exploités.Une architecture de type réseau semi-interpénétré de polymères (semi-RIP) a été choisie pour immobiliser physiquement le PIB linéaire au sein de divers réseaux polyméthacrylate. Les précurseurs (monomère, réticulant et amorceur) des réseaux solubilisant le PIB, les synthèses sont réalisées sans solvant et le programme thermique a été optimisé. Des semi-RIPs homogènes macroscopiquement et ne fluant pas sont obtenus pour des proportions massiques de PIB comprises entre 20 et 70%. Les analyses thermomécaniques ont montré que ces semi-RIPs présentent une morphologie de phases co-continues. La modification de la nature et de la composition du co-réseau partenaire permet de moduler « à façon » les propriétés mécaniques (module de conservation et facteur de perte) de ces semi-RIPs entre -10 et 200°C tout en conservant certaines propriétés du PIB (imperméabilité aux gaz).Enfin, une relaxation mécanique haute température intervenant au-delà des Tgs des deux polymères associés a été détectée dans la plupart des semi-RIPs PIB/polyméthacrylate étudiés. Une interprétation de l'origine de cette relaxation mécanique a été proposée. / New linear and non functional polyisobutene (PIB) based materials have been synthesized to enlarge the potential application of medium molecular weight polyisobutènes (10 000 < Mn < 100 000 g.mol-1), currently underemployed.A semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) architecture have been employed to immobilize the linear PIB chains physically inside different polymethacrylate networks. The networks precursors (monomer, cross-linker and initiator) are miscible with PIB and syntheses without solvent have been carried out, and thermal curing has been optimized. Macroscopically homogeneous semi-IPNs showing no creep, for PIB weight proportions from 20 to 70%, have been obtained. Thermomechanical analyses of semi-IPNs shown co-continuous phase morphology. By changing the nature and composition of the partner co-network, the mechanical properties (storage modulus and damping factor) of the semi-IPNs are tunable between -10 and 200°C, while some properties of the PIB (very low permeation to gases) are kept.Finally, the semi-IPN architecture and the chosen synthesis pathway, among other things, lead to the observation of a high temperature relaxation above the Tg of both associated polymers, in almost all of the studied semi-IPNs. An interpretation of the origin of this phenomenon has been proposed.