国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Cognitive responses to identity crisis can influence inner harmony, behavior, and decision making while negatively affecting interpersonal relationships. The emotions associated with identity crisis establish the conditions that lead to various forms of conflict. Identity-related conflicts are often intractable and characterized by high levels of stalemates, counterproductive responses, posturing, or one-sided resolution expectations. Furthermore, the onset of dual conflicts brought about by competing internal and external demands has a deleterious impact on conflict strategies and resolution attempts. The purpose of this study was to explored the relationship between the pursuit of the ideal self and intrapersonal conflict as a means to further the understanding of the role identity in conflict. The researcher utilized a mixed-method approach to determine associations between variables. During the quantitative phase of the study, a Pearson’s bivariate correlation was used to establish statistical significance. Research results reveal a strong significant negative correlation between the pursuit of the Ideal Self. A Transcendental Phenomenological inquiry was conducted to explore the essence of the participant’s experience. Participants described the phenomenon as an unachievable, continuous, and emotional maturation process that fosters reflection, restraint, and inner peace. Additionally, the qualitative phase of the study revealed a connection between the pursuit of the ideal-self and an individual’s conflict management style.

This study focuses on aspects of cult experiences, given by deconverted former members of closed religious movements. Their testimonies were published in books or interviews. The aims of the study were to understand the interaction between the religious group and its members, living in high tension towards mainstream society and their testimonies of altered self-esteem during attraction, membership, deconversion and defection. The purpose was to understand how a person´s self-esteem is affected by inner mechanisms of closed religious movements and how these experiences affects a persons identity. Another aspect was whether there might be differences in altered self-esteem, between those who enlisted as adults, and those who were born into the closed religious contexts. Social Identity Theory, Sigmund Freud´s and Carl Rogers models of personal ego were used as models of interpretations. Qualitative methods have been used for analysis of data. The defectors´ testimonies could be interpretated in terms of altered social identity. During attraction and membership, the members perceived him or herself as an in-group member, which boosted their self-esteem. Their perceived selves existed in congruence with group norms. Being a former member lead to a reversed process of socialisation and self perception, during which the out-group became a new in-group in order to enhance self-esteem. Those, who enlisted as adults, reformed back to their former identity and thereby enhanced their self-esteem by integrating their cult experiences with their former self. Those, who were born into the religious movements, had troubles to adapt to mainstream society, as they did not have any alternative personal identity outside the group, and therefore experienced difficulties to enhance self-esteem.

In response to criticism on the concept of "unlearning", we suggested that unlearning on an individual level should be defined as the reduction of the influence of old knowledge on cognitive and/or behavioural processes. In this article, we apply a systems thinking perspective on this definition to explore how far this kind of unlearning can possibly go and what happens if this process is inward-directed, i.e. affects the cognitive and behavioural patterns that define who we are. We take a knowledge perspective on the concept of the self and suggest that unlearning could trigger a disequilibrium, which in turn, enables a deep learning process and guides us to what is referred to as ideal or best version of the self. This does not only have implications for the individual level but it can initiate fundamental change processes in organizations.

No description available.

No description available.

Abstract Humanizing brands is an essential domain of current branding as it enhances the visibility of a brand by connecting consumers to the brand, thus contributing to strong brand equity. The term humanize used in this dissertation is not limited to brands with anthropomorphic characters, such as the M&M’s characters. Used in this context, the term also includes the ways in which consumers attribute a brand to be “close to me,” “like me,” and a “partner.” Although the research of customer-based brand equity has been well-documented over the past twenty-five years, limited attention has been given to examining the differential effect of brand favorability in forming a self-brand connection. Even more scarce are studies on the antecedents and indicators of brand betrayal. Further, up-to-date research is mostly silent as to whether temporal focus and temporal distance influence a brand’s ability to serve as a means of reflecting the consumer’s selves. To fill up these research gaps, this dissertation reports four research articles. More than two thousand samples were collected from Finland, India, and the US to examine the conceptual frameworks. First, this dissertation contributes to the literature on self-brand connection by articulating the effect of self-presentation by brand on self-brand connection. Second, it contributes to the literature of self-congruence, seen from the temporal perspective. Third, it adds to the brand betrayal literature by examining consumer anthropomorphize tendency and actual high-arousal positive states as the antecedents. It further explains the indicators of brand betrayal, consisting of failure severity and inferred negative motive. In term of managerial implications, the findings contribute to (1) the one-on-one marketing approach to branding, (2) incorporating consumer’s selves into branding considerations, and (3) assessing brand betrayal in a negative brand relationship. / Tiivistelmä Brändien inhimillistäminen on keskeinen alue vallitsevassa brändien tutkimuksessa, sillä inhimillistämällä lisätään brändin näkyvyyttä kytkemällä kuluttajat brändiin, mikä osaltaan vahvistaa brändipääomaa. Tässä väitöskirjassa käytetty termi inhimillistäminen ei rajoitu vain brändeihin, jotka käyttävät antropomorfisia hahmoja kuten M&M:n hahmot. Tässä yhteydessä termiin sisältyy myös keinoja, joita hyödyntämällä kuluttajat tuntevat brändin olevan ”lähellä minua”, ”kuten minä” ja ”kumppani”. Vaikka asiakaslähtöisen brändipääoman tutkimusta on tehty paljon viimeisen 25 vuoden aikana, vain vähän huomiota on saanut brändien suosimisen vaikutus kuluttajan minän ja brändin välisen yhteyden muodostukseen. Vielä vähemmän tutkimusta on tehty brändien pettämisen syistä ja indikaattoreista. Lisäksi olemassa oleva tutkimus ei ota juurikaan kantaa siihen, vaikuttavatko ajallinen fokus ja ajallinen etäisyys brändin kykyyn heijastaa kuluttajien minää. Näiden tutkimusaukkojen täyttämiseksi väitöskirja esittelee neljän tutkimusartikkelin tuloksia. Käsitteellisten viitekehysten testaamista varten kerättiin yli 2 000 vastaajan aineisto kolmesta eri maasta. Ensinnäkin, tämä väitöskirja edistää kuluttajan minä-brändisuhteeseen liittyvää tutkimusta kuvaamalla brändin itse-presentaation vaikutusta minä-brändisuhteeseen. Toiseksi, tämä väitöskirja kontribuoi minä-kongruenssiin liittyvään kirjallisuuteen ajallisesta näkökulmasta tarkasteltuna. Kolmanneksi, tämä väitöskirja edistää brändien pettämiseen liittyvää kirjallisuutta tutkimalla kuluttajan taipumusta antropomorfisointiin ja toteutuneita korkean innostuneisuuden tiloja. Tutkimus myös selittää brändien pettämisen indikaattoreita, jotka koostuvat epäonnistumisen vakavuudesta ja brändin negatiivisesta motiivista. Liikkeenjohdollisina päätelminä tulokset ehdottavat (1) yhdeltä yhdelle markkinointia brändäykseen, (2) kuluttajan minän sisällyttämistä brändäyskysymyksiin, ja (3) brändin pettämisen arviointia negatiivisessa brändisuhteessa.

No description available.