Orientador: Paulo Mugayar Kuhl / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T18:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferraro-Nita_MaraRosangela_D.pdf: 26606817 bytes, checksum: 149415fdabef1f4f56dda00e0ae45ab2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Esta tese tem por objetivo maior realizar um estudo sobre as obras ilustradas de Graciliano Ramos, Jorge Amado e José Lins do Rego publicadas prioritariamente pelas editoras José Olympio (Rio de Janeiro) e Martins (São Paulo). Analisa ainda o perfil artístico de três ilustradores: Santa Rosa, Luís Jardim e Aldemir Martins e seus respectivos projetos ilustrativos para Cacau, de Jorge Amado (1933); Menino de engenho, de José Lins do Rego (1932); e Vidas secas, de Graciliano Ramos (1938). Reflexões estas que ajudam no levantamento de possíveis confluências do pensamento artístico e literário do modernismo brasileiro pós-1930 / Abstract: The main purpose of this thesis is to carry out a study about the illustrated literary works of Graciliano Ramos, Jorge Amado and José Lins do Rego, published mainly by José Olympio (Rio de Janeiro) and Martins (São Paulo) publishers. It also analyzes the artistic features of three illustrators: Santa Rosa, Luís Jardim and Aldemir Martins and their respective illustration projects for Cacau, by Jorge Amado (1933); Menino do engenho, by José Lins do Rego (1932) and Vidas secas, by Graciliano Ramos, (1938). These reflections help us to find out possible confluences of artistic and literary thought of post 1930'Brazilian Modernism / Doutorado / Doutor em Artes

My thesis explores the potential and the peril of Romantic literature's increasingly complex forms through a close comparative study of the works of William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Thomas De Quincey. These writers exemplify the Romantic predicament of how to make vision manifest – how to communicate one's imaginative and intellectual expansiveness without diminishing it. They sought different strategies for increasing the capacity of literary form, ostensibly in the hope of communicating more: clarifying meaning, increasing accessibility and intensifying original experience. But textual expansion – materially, stylistically and intellectually – often threatens more opportunities for confused and partial meanings to proliferate, overwhelming the reader by dividing texts and undermining attempts at coherent thought. Expansion thus becomes excess, with all its worrying associations of superfluity. To further complicate matters, Burke's influential tenet of the Sublime makes a virtue out of excess and obscurity, raising the problematic spectre of deliberately confused/confusing texts that embody an aesthetic of incomprehension. I explore these paradoxes through four types of 'textual excess' demonstrated by the writers under discussion: firstly, the tension between poetry and prose adjuncts, such as prefaces and notes, in Wordsworth and Coleridge; secondly, De Quincey's indulgent verbosity and struggle to control the freeing shapelessness of prose; thirdly, Wordsworth's and De Quincey's parallel experiences of revision as both uncontrollably diffusive and statically concentrated; and lastly, Blake's more deliberate, systematic attempt to enact a literary Sublime in which the reader is forced out of passivity by the competing demands of verbal and visual media. All are motivated and thwarted in varying degrees by their anxious preoccupation with saying "Enough", and the difficulty of determining when this becomes “Too much”. These authorial dilemmas also incorporate larger concerns with man's (over)ambition at a time of rapid and unprecedented economic, social and intellectual acceleration from the Enlightenment to industrialism. The fear that the concept and process of 'progress', or 'improvement', marks deficiency rather than fulfilment haunts Romantic writers.

When Martin Luther supposedly nailed his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517 to the Castle Church door in Wittenberg, the small town had only a single printing press. By the end of the century, Wittenberg had published more books than any other city in the Holy Roman Empire. Of the leading print centres in early modern Europe, Wittenberg was the only one that was not a major centre of trade, politics, or culture. This thesis examines the rise of the Wittenberg printing industry and analyses how it overtook the Empire's leading print centres. Luther's controversy—and the publications it produced—attracted printers to Wittenberg who would publish tract after tract. In only a few years, Luther became the most published author since the invention of the printing press. This thesis investigates the workshops of the four leading printers in Wittenberg during Luther's lifetime: Nickel Schirlentz, Josef Klug, Hans Lufft, and Georg Rhau. Together, these printers conquered the German print world. They were helped with the assistance of the famous Renaissance artist, Lucas Cranach the Elder, who lived in Wittenberg as court painter to the Elector of Saxony. His woodcut title page borders decorated the covers of Luther's books and were copied throughout the Empire. Capitalising off the demand for Wittenberg books, many printers falsely printed that their books were from Wittenberg. Such fraud played a major role in the Reformation book trade, as printers in every major print centre made counterfeits of Wittenberg books. However, Reformation pamphlets were not the sole reason for Wittenberg's success. Such items played only a marginal role in the local industry. It was the great Luther Bibles, spurred by Luther's emphasis on Bible reading, that allowed Wittenberg's printers to overcome the odds and become the largest print centre in early modern Germany.