Thesis supervisor: Gary E. Christensen. Includes bibliographic references (p. 110-113).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1984. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-142).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität St. Gallen, 1996.

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-65). Also available in electronic version.

Theses (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains 184 pages. Bibliography: p. 177-182.

Thesis (M.Eng.)--University of Louisville, 2007. / Title and description from thesis home page (viewed May 9, 2007). Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science. Vita. "May 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-55).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Lehigh University, 2000. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-162).

Thesis (M.S. & I.T.) -- Lincoln University, 2008. / Degree named as Master of Applied Computing at head of abstract. Also available via the World Wide Web.

Ravalé au rang d’histoire secondaire par une historiographie pesante, le lépreux au Moyen Âge est pris entre deux images. L’une, traditionnelle, est celle d’un être bancal, opprimé par la foule et séparé du peuple. L’autre plus récente, est celle de l’image survalorisée d’une « lèpre bienfaisante », une sorte de purgatoire terrestre. Entre les deux, laquelle est « vraie » ? Laquelle explique l’éclosion des léproseries entre la fin du XIe siècle et le milieu du XIIIe siècle ? Qu’est-ce qui guide l’afflux des aumônes dévolues aux ladres ? Comment expliquer le rituel de la « mort au monde » ? Les lépreux deviennent-ils des « abjects » au XIVe siècle ?Tenir une chronologie des deux images séparées est impossible, tant elles sont constitutives d’une perception double du lépreux. Le ladre est « sacer » (maudit et vénéré), il véhicule à la fois l’image du Christ souffrant et celle d’un être difforme, oblique, sans bouche, ni mains, doté d’une sexualité de bouc et qui porte le mauvais œil. Le lépreux est un bouc émissaire sans sacrifice sanglant qui se traduit par l’entrée volontaire en léproserie. Une renonciation au monde.Les sources exceptionnelles de la Normandie occidentale, centrale et méridionale permettent de percevoir les discours des clercs sur la lèpre, d’apprécier les évolutions institutionnelles des léproseries grâce aux actes de la pratique (sept cartulaires) ; de se faire une idée de ce qu’à été le quotidien des malades et de restituer le maillage des léproseries de diocèses d’Avranches, de Bayeux, de Coutances, de Lisieux et de Sées. / Reduced to the level of a second-rate moment in history by a heavy historiography, the leper in the Middle Ages is caught between two representations. The first and more traditional one is that of a lame being, oppressed by crowds and segregated from other people. The second and more recent one is that of an over-rated “beneficent leprosy” reminiscent of a purgatory on earth. Between those two representations, which one is closer to the “truth”? Which one might explain the opening of leper-houses between the end of the XIth century and the middle of the XIIIth century? What caused the inflow of alms given do misers?Keeping a chronology of those two different representations is impossible, because they both belong to a dual perception of the leper. The miser is “sacer” (cursed and revered), he conveys the image of both a suffering Christ and a misshapen, lopsided, mouth-less being, deprived of hands, but endowed with a goat’s sexuality and bringing bad luck. The leper is a scapegoat with no bloody sacrifice, but who is willing to commit to leper-houses. A way to withdraw from the world. The exceptional sources from Western, Central and Southern Normandy allow us to appreciate the clerics’ discourses on leprosy and the institutional evolutions of leper-houses due to the acts of practice (the 7 cartularies) and help us build a clearer picture of what the daily life of lepers might have been, as well as restore the network of leper-houses in the dioceses of Avranches, Bayeux, Coutances, Lisieux and Sées.

D.Litt. et Phil. / Recent studies have found that the life expectancy of organisations is rapidly declining (currently between 40 and 50 years) and that organisational decline and bankruptcy were increasing at disturbing rates. Equally recent contributions in the popular and business press have suggested that the expensive path to corporate failure could be linked to the "identity" or "corporate identity" of the organisation (more specifically the absence thereof). With the exception of the public relations and advertising perspectives, scant attention has been given to the notion of identity within an organisational context. Moreover, very little scholarly research has been conducted on the subject with much of the available literature written at a fairly superficial level by consultants or executives of advertising agencies. This is largely due to the abstract nature of the concept, the ambiguity surrounding its meaning, and the practice of using the organisation identity concept interchangeably with concepts such as corporate image and corporate identity. The current study set about to investigate and determine the theoretical and practical relevance of the organisation identity concept and argued that conceptual clarity was a prerequisite for exploring its relevance at an empirical level. The literature review commenced with clarification of the meaning and nature of organisation, acknowledging that organisational features (e.g. organisation identity) need to be understood from within the context of the organisation. Organisation theory, psychological perspectives (theory) on organisation, organisational change, organisational performance and new / emerging forms of organisation were subsequently reviewed and a fundamental perspective established as context for considering the concept of organisation identity. The empirical findings of the study were consistent with many of the theoretical assumptions regarding the nature of identity (essentially the organisation's distinctive character, as conveyed by its unique / distinctive, central or core and enduring features). Results furthermore suggest that processes of identity acquisition and the concept of identity crisis may be rewarding avenues for continued research. Conclusions, though constrained by the non-probability (convenience) nature of the research sample, nonetheless confirmed the linkage (and sensitivity) of organisation identity to the more generic life cycle of organisations and organisational change processes. The strong and pervasive relationship of organisation identity with organisational performance indexes has profound implications for the conceptualisation of organisations, their management and survival, and generally the role of leadership. It introduces a hitherto unknown concept into the performance management domain, which, on reflection, suggests that many established managerial routines, and practices may need to be reconsidered. For this research population, it is suggesting that management may comfortably redirect managerial focus, energy, and other resources towards identity establishment, maintenance and/or management with solid prospects for enhancing organisational performance. The latter is applicable regardless of whether performance in this context refers to short or medium term financial or other indicators. It was concluded that if the research findings could be extrapolated to a broader community of organisations, and were acted upon in a concerted manner by management, that the life expectancy of organisations could be significantly extended. This will ensure positive benefits not only to the workforce and those affected by organisations, but also society at large.