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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Contributions to the Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Pictorial Queris

Borràs Agnosto, Agnès 06 November 2009 (has links)
L'accés massiu a les càmeres digitals, els ordinadors personals i a Internet, ha propiciat la creació de grans volums de dades en format digital. En aquest context, cada vegada adquireixen major rellevància totes aquelles eines dissenyades per organitzar la informació i facilitar la seva cerca.Les imatges són un cas particular de dades que requereixen tècniques específiques de descripció i indexació. L'àrea de la visió per computador encarregada de l'estudi d'aquestes tècniques rep el nom de Recuperació d'Imatges per Contingut, en anglès Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR). Els sistemes de CBIR no utilitzen descripcions basades en text sinó que es basen en característiques extretes de les pròpies imatges. En contrast a les més de 6000 llengües parlades en el món, les descripcions basades en característiques visuals representen una via d'expressió universal.La intensa recerca en el camp dels sistemes de CBIR s'ha aplicat en àrees de coneixement molt diverses. Així doncs s'han desenvolupat aplicacions de CBIR relacionades amb la medicina, la protecció de la propietat intel·lectual, el periodisme, el disseny gràfic, la cerca d'informació en Internet, la preservació dels patrimoni cultural, etc. Un dels punts importants d'una aplicació de CBIR resideix en el disseny de les funcions de l'usuari. L'usuari és l'encarregat de formular les consultes a partir de les quals es fa la cerca de les imatges. Nosaltres hem centrat l'atenció en aquells sistemes en què la consulta es formula a partir d'una representació pictòrica. Hem plantejat una taxonomia dels sistemes de consulta en composada per quatre paradigmes diferents: Consulta-segons-Selecció, Consulta-segons-Composició-Icònica, Consulta-segons-Esboç i Consulta-segons-Il·lustració. Cada paradigma incorpora un nivell diferent en el potencial expressiu de l'usuari. Des de la simple selecció d'una imatge, fins a la creació d'una il·lustració en color, l'usuari és qui pren el control de les dades d'entrada del sistema. Al llarg dels capítols d'aquesta tesi hem analitzat la influència que cada paradigma de consulta exerceix en els processos interns d'un sistema de CBIR. D'aquesta manera també hem proposat un conjunt de contribucions que hem exemplificat des d'un punt de vista pràctic mitjançant una aplicació final.
2

Noninvasive assessment and classification of human skin burns using images of Caucasian and African patients

Abubakar, Aliyu, Ugail, Hassan, Bukar, Ali M. 20 March 2022 (has links)
Yes / Burns are one of the obnoxious injuries subjecting thousands to loss of life and physical defacement each year. Both high income and Third World countries face major evaluation challenges including but not limited to inadequate workforce, poor diagnostic facilities, inefficient diagnosis and high operational cost. As such, there is need to develop an automatic machine learning algorithm to noninvasively identify skin burns. This will operate with little or no human intervention, thereby acting as an affordable substitute to human expertise. We leverage the weights of pretrained deep neural networks for image description and, subsequently, the extracted image features are fed into the support vector machine for classification. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates black African skins. Interestingly, the proposed algorithm achieves state-of-the-art classification accuracy on both Caucasian and African datasets.
3

Maximum Energy Subsampling: A General Scheme For Multi-resolution Image Representation And Analysis

Zhao, Yanjun 18 December 2014 (has links)
Image descriptors play an important role in image representation and analysis. Multi-resolution image descriptors can effectively characterize complex images and extract their hidden information. Wavelets descriptors have been widely used in multi-resolution image analysis. However, making the wavelets transform shift and rotation invariant produces redundancy and requires complex matching processes. As to other multi-resolution descriptors, they usually depend on other theories or information, such as filtering function, prior-domain knowledge, etc.; that not only increases the computation complexity, but also generates errors. We propose a novel multi-resolution scheme that is capable of transforming any kind of image descriptor into its multi-resolution structure with high computation accuracy and efficiency. Our multi-resolution scheme is based on sub-sampling an image into an odd-even image tree. Through applying image descriptors to the odd-even image tree, we get the relative multi-resolution image descriptors. Multi-resolution analysis is based on downsampling expansion with maximum energy extraction followed by upsampling reconstruction. Since the maximum energy usually retained in the lowest frequency coefficients; we do maximum energy extraction through keeping the lowest coefficients from each resolution level. Our multi-resolution scheme can analyze images recursively and effectively without introducing artifacts or changes to the original images, produce multi-resolution representations, obtain higher resolution images only using information from lower resolutions, compress data, filter noise, extract effective image features and be implemented in parallel processing.
4

Maximum Energy Subsampling: A General Scheme For Multi-resolution Image Representation And Analysis

Zhao, Yanjun 18 December 2014 (has links)
Image descriptors play an important role in image representation and analysis. Multi-resolution image descriptors can effectively characterize complex images and extract their hidden information. Wavelet descriptors have been widely used in multi-resolution image analysis. However, making the wavelet transform shift and rotation invariant produces redundancy and requires complex matching processes. As to other multi-resolution descriptors, they usually depend on other methods, such as filtering function, prior-domain knowledge, etc.; that not only increases the computation complexity, but also generates errors. We propose a novel multi-resolution scheme that is capable of transforming any kind of image descriptor into its multi-resolution structure with high computation accuracy and efficiency. Our multi-resolution scheme is based on sub-sampling each image into an odd-even image tree. Through applying image descriptors to the odd-even image tree, we get the relative multi-resolution image descriptors. Multi-resolution analysis is based on downsampling expansion with maximum energy extraction followed by upsampling reconstruction. Since the maximum energy usually retained in the lowest frequency coefficients; we do maximum energy extraction through keeping the lowest coefficients from each resolution level. Our multi-resolution scheme can analyze images recursively and effectively without introducing artifacts or changes to the original images, produce multi-resolution representations, obtain higher resolution images only using information from lower resolutions, compress data, filter noise, extract effective image features and be implemented in parallel processing.
5

From content-based to semantic image retrieval : low level feature extraction, classification using image processing and neural networks, content based image retrieval, hybrid low level and high level based image retrieval in the compressed DCT domain

Mohamed, Aamer Saleh Sahel January 2010 (has links)
Digital image archiving urgently requires advanced techniques for more efficient storage and retrieval methods because of the increasing amount of digital. Although JPEG supply systems to compress image data efficiently, the problems of how to organize the image database structure for efficient indexing and retrieval, how to index and retrieve image data from DCT compressed domain and how to interpret image data semantically are major obstacles for further development of digital image database system. In content-based image, image analysis is the primary step to extract useful information from image databases. The difficulty in content-based image retrieval is how to summarize the low-level features into high-level or semantic descriptors to facilitate the retrieval procedure. Such a shift toward a semantic visual data learning or detection of semantic objects generates an urgent need to link the low level features with semantic understanding of the observed visual information. To solve such a 'semantic gap' problem, an efficient way is to develop a number of classifiers to identify the presence of semantic image components that can be connected to semantic descriptors. Among various semantic objects, the human face is a very important example, which is usually also the most significant element in many images and photos. The presence of faces can usually be correlated to specific scenes with semantic inference according to a given ontology. Therefore, face detection can be an efficient tool to annotate images for semantic descriptors. In this thesis, a paradigm to process, analyze and interpret digital images is proposed. In order to speed up access to desired images, after accessing image data, image features are presented for analysis. This analysis gives not only a structure for content-based image retrieval but also the basic units ii for high-level semantic image interpretation. Finally, images are interpreted and classified into some semantic categories by semantic object detection categorization algorithm.
6

Some problems on temporally consistent video editing and object recognition

Sadek, Rida 07 December 2012 (has links)
Video editing and object recognition are two significant fields in computer vi- sion: the first has remarkably assisted digital production and post-production tasks of a digital video footage; the second is considered fundamental to image classification or image based search in large databases (e.g. the web). In this thesis, we address two problems, namely we present a novel formulation that tackles video editing tasks and we develop a mechanism that allows to generate more robust descriptors for objects in an image. Concerning the first problem, this thesis proposes two variational models to perform temporally coherent video editing. These models are applied to change an object’s (rigid or non-rigid) texture throughout a given video sequence. One model is based on propagating color information from a given frame (or be- tween two given frames) along the motion trajectories of the video; while the other is based on propagating gradient domain information. The models we present in this thesis require minimal user intervention and they automatically accommodate for illumination changes in the scene. Concerning the second problem, this thesis addresses the problem of affine invariance in object recognition. We introduce a way to generate geometric affine invariant quantities that are used in the construction of feature descrip- tors. We show that when these quantities are used they do indeed achieve a more robust recognition than the state of the art descriptors. i / La edición de vídeo y el reconocimiento de objetos son dos áreas fundamentales en el campo de la visión por computador: la primera es de gran utilidad en los procesos de producción y post-producción digital de vídeo; la segunda es esencial para la clasificación o búsqueda de imágenes en grandes bases de datos (por ejemplo, en la web). En esta tesis se acometen ambos problemas, en concreto, se presenta una nueva formulación que aborda las tareas de edición de vídeo y se desarrolla un mecanismo que permite generar descriptores más robustos para los objetos de la imagen. Con respecto al primer problema, en esta tesis se proponen dos modelos variacionales para llevar a cabo la edición de vídeo de forma coherente en el tiempo. Estos modelos se aplican para cambiar la textura de un objeto (rígido o no) a lo largo de una secuencia de vídeo dada. Uno de los modelos está basado en la propagación de la información de color desde un determinado cuadro de la secuencia de vídeo (o entre dos cuadros dados) a lo largo de las trayectorias de movimiento del vídeo. El otro modelo está basado en la propagación de la información en el dominio del gradiente. Ambos modelos requieren una intervención mínima por parte del usuario y se ajustan de manera automática a los cambios de iluminación de la escena. Con respecto al segundo problema, esta tesis aborda el problema de la invariancia afín en el reconocimiento de objetos. Se introduce un nuevo método para generar cantidades geométricas afines que se utilizan en la generación de descriptores de características. También se demuestra que el uso de dichas cantidades proporciona mayor robustez al reconocimiento que los descriptores existentes actualmente en el estado del arte.
7

Modélisation spatio-temporelle à base de modèles de Markov cachés pour la prévision des changements en imagerie satellitaire : cas de la végétation et de l'urbain / Spatio-temporal modelling based on hidden Markov models for predicting changes in satellite imagery : the case of vegetation and urban areas

Essid, Houcine 13 December 2012 (has links)
Les séries temporelles d'images satellitaires sont une source d'information importante pour le suivi des changements spatio-temporels des surfaces terrestres. En outre, le nombre d’images est en augmentation constante. Pour les exploiter pleinement, des outils dédiés au traitement automatique du contenu informationnel sont développés. Néanmoins ces techniques ne satisfont pas complètement les géographes qui exploitent pourtant, de plus en plus couramment, les données extraites des images dans leurs études afin de prédire le futur. Nous proposons dans cette thèse, une méthodologie générique à base d’un modèle de Markov caché pour l’analyse et la prédiction des changements sur une séquence d’images satellitaires. Cette méthodologie présente deux modules : un module de traitement intégrant les descripteurs et les algorithmes classiquement utilisés en interprétation d'images, et un module d’apprentissage basé sur les modèles de Markov cachés. La performance de notre approche est évaluée par des essais d’interprétations des évènements spatio-temporels effectués sur plusieurs sites d’études. Les résultats obtenus permettront d’analyser et de prédire les changements issus des différentes séries temporelles d’images SPOT et LANDSAT pour l’observation des évènements spatio-temporels telle que l'expansion urbaine et la déforestation. / The time series of satellite images are an important source of information for monitoring spatiotemporal changes of land surfaces. Furthermore, the number of satellite images is increasing constantly, for taking full advantage, tools dedicated to the automatic processing of information content is developed. However these techniques do not completely satisfy the geographers who exploit more currently, the data extracted from the images in their studies to predict the future. In this research we propose a generic methodology based on a hidden Markov model for analyzing and predicting changes in a sequence of satellite images. The methodology that is proposed presents two modules : a processing module which incorporating descriptors and algorithms conventionally used in image interpretation and a learning module based on hidden Markov models. The performance of the approach is evaluated by trials of interpretation of spatiotemporal events conducted in several study sites. Results obtained allow us to analyze and to predict changes from various time series of SPOT and LANDSAT images for observation of spatiotemporal events such as urban development and deforestation.
8

Towards optimal local binary patterns in texture and face description

Ylioinas, J. (Juha) 15 November 2016 (has links)
Abstract Local binary patterns (LBP) are among the most popular image description methods and have been successfully applied in a diverse set of computer vision problems, covering texture classification, material categorization, face recognition, and image segmentation, to name only a few. The popularity of the LBP methodology can be verified by inspecting the number of existing studies about its different variations and extensions. The number of those studies is vast. Currently, the methodology has been acknowledged as one of the milestones in face recognition research. The starting point of this research is to gain more understanding of which principles the original LBP descriptor is based on. After gaining some degree of insight, yet another try is made to improve some steps of the LBP pipeline, consisted of image pre-processing, pattern sampling, pattern encoding, binning, and further histogram post-processing. The main contribution of this thesis is a bunch of novel LBP extensions that partly try to unify some of the existing derivatives and extensions. The basis for the design of the new additional LBP methodology is to maximise data-driven premises, at the same time minimizing the need for tuning by hand. Prior to local binary pattern extraction, the thesis presents an image upsampling step dubbed as image pre-interpolation. As a natural consequence of upsampling, a greater number of patterns can be extracted and binned to a histogram improving the representational performance of the final descriptor. To improve the following two steps of the LBP pipeline, namely pattern sampling and encoding, three different learning-based methods are introduced. Finally, a unifying model is presented for the last step of the LBP pipeline, namely for local binary pattern histogram post-processing. As a special case of this, a novel histogram smoothing scheme is proposed, which shares the motivation and the effects with the image pre-interpolation for the most of its part. Deriving descriptors for such face recognition problems as face verification or age estimation has been and continues to be among the most popular domains where LBP has ever been applied. This study is not an exception in that regard as the main investigations and conclusions here are made on the basis of how the proposed LBP variations perform especially in the problems of face recognition. The experimental part of the study demonstrates that the proposed methods, experimentally validated using publicly available texture and face datasets, yield results comparable to the best performing LBP variants found in the literature, reported with the corresponding benchmarks. / Tiivistelmä Paikalliset binäärikuviot kuuluvat suosituimpiin menetelmiin kuville suoritettavassa piirteenirrotuksessa. Menetelmää on sovellettu moniin konenäön ongelmiin, kuten tekstuurien luokittelu, materiaalien luokittelu, kasvojen tunnistus ja kuvien segmentointi. Menetelmän suosiota kuvastaa hyvin siitä kehitettyjen erilaisten johdannaisten suuri lukumäärä ja se, että nykyään kyseinen menetelmien perhe on tunnustettu yhdeksi virstanpylvääksi kasvojentunnistuksen tutkimusalueella. Tämän tutkimuksen lähtökohtana on ymmärtää periaatteita, joihin tehokkaimpien paikallisten binäärikuvioiden suorituskyky perustuu. Tämän jälkeen tavoitteena on kehittää parannuksia menetelmän eri askelille, joita ovat kuvan esikäsittely, binäärikuvioiden näytteistys ja enkoodaus, sekä histogrammin koostaminen ja jälkikäsittely. Esiteltävien uusien menetelmien lähtökohtana on hyödyntää mahdollisimman paljon kohdesovelluksesta saatavaa tietoa automaattisesti. Ensimmäisenä menetelmänä esitellään kuvan ylösnäytteistykseen perustuva paikallisten binäärikuvioiden johdannainen. Ylösnäytteistyksen luonnollisena seurauksena saadaan näytteistettyä enemmän binäärikuvioita, jotka histogrammiin koottuna tekevät piirrevektorista alkuperäistä erottelevamman. Seuraavaksi esitellään kolme oppimiseen perustuvaa menetelmää paikallisten binäärikuvioiden laskemiseksi ja niiden enkoodaukseen. Lopuksi esitellään paikallisten binäärikuvioiden histogrammin jälkikäsittelyn yleistävä malli. Tähän malliin liittyen esitellään histogrammin silottamiseen tarkoitettu operaatio, jonka eräs tärkeimmistä motivaatioista on sama kuin kuvan ylösnäytteistämiseen perustuvalla johdannaisella. Erilaisten piirteenirrotusmenetelmien kehittäminen kasvojentunnistuksen osa-alueille on erittäin suosittu paikallisten binäärikuvioiden sovellusalue. Myös tässä työssä tutkittiin miten kehitetyt johdannaiset suoriutuvat näissä osa-ongelmissa. Tutkimuksen kokeellinen osuus ja siihen liittyvät numeeriset tulokset osoittavat, että esitellyt menetelmät ovat vertailukelpoisia kirjallisuudesta löytyvien parhaimpien paikallisten binäärikuvioiden johdannaisten kanssa.
9

From content-based to semantic image retrieval. Low level feature extraction, classification using image processing and neural networks, content based image retrieval, hybrid low level and high level based image retrieval in the compressed DCT domain.

Mohamed, Aamer S. S. January 2010 (has links)
Digital image archiving urgently requires advanced techniques for more efficient storage and retrieval methods because of the increasing amount of digital. Although JPEG supply systems to compress image data efficiently, the problems of how to organize the image database structure for efficient indexing and retrieval, how to index and retrieve image data from DCT compressed domain and how to interpret image data semantically are major obstacles for further development of digital image database system. In content-based image, image analysis is the primary step to extract useful information from image databases. The difficulty in content-based image retrieval is how to summarize the low-level features into high-level or semantic descriptors to facilitate the retrieval procedure. Such a shift toward a semantic visual data learning or detection of semantic objects generates an urgent need to link the low level features with semantic understanding of the observed visual information. To solve such a -semantic gap¿ problem, an efficient way is to develop a number of classifiers to identify the presence of semantic image components that can be connected to semantic descriptors. Among various semantic objects, the human face is a very important example, which is usually also the most significant element in many images and photos. The presence of faces can usually be correlated to specific scenes with semantic inference according to a given ontology. Therefore, face detection can be an efficient tool to annotate images for semantic descriptors. In this thesis, a paradigm to process, analyze and interpret digital images is proposed. In order to speed up access to desired images, after accessing image data, image features are presented for analysis. This analysis gives not only a structure for content-based image retrieval but also the basic units ii for high-level semantic image interpretation. Finally, images are interpreted and classified into some semantic categories by semantic object detection categorization algorithm.
10

Fundus image analysis for automatic screening of ophthalmic pathologies

Colomer Granero, Adrián 26 March 2018 (has links)
En los ultimos años el número de casos de ceguera se ha reducido significativamente. A pesar de este hecho, la Organización Mundial de la Salud estima que un 80% de los casos de pérdida de visión (285 millones en 2010) pueden ser evitados si se diagnostican en sus estadios más tempranos y son tratados de forma efectiva. Para cumplir esta propuesta se pretende que los servicios de atención primaria incluyan un seguimiento oftalmológico de sus pacientes así como fomentar campañas de cribado en centros proclives a reunir personas de alto riesgo. Sin embargo, estas soluciones exigen una alta carga de trabajo de personal experto entrenado en el análisis de los patrones anómalos propios de cada enfermedad. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo de algoritmos para la creación de sistemas de cribado automáticos juga un papel vital en este campo. La presente tesis persigue la identificacion automática del daño retiniano provocado por dos de las patologías más comunes en la sociedad actual: la retinopatía diabética (RD) y la degenaración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE). Concretamente, el objetivo final de este trabajo es el desarrollo de métodos novedosos basados en la extracción de características de la imagen de fondo de ojo y clasificación para discernir entre tejido sano y patológico. Además, en este documento se proponen algoritmos de pre-procesado con el objetivo de normalizar la alta variabilidad existente en las bases de datos publicas de imagen de fondo de ojo y eliminar la contribución de ciertas estructuras retinianas que afectan negativamente en la detección del daño retiniano. A diferencia de la mayoría de los trabajos existentes en el estado del arte sobre detección de patologías en imagen de fondo de ojo, los métodos propuestos a lo largo de este manuscrito evitan la necesidad de segmentación de las lesiones o la generación de un mapa de candidatos antes de la fase de clasificación. En este trabajo, Local binary patterns, perfiles granulométricos y la dimensión fractal se aplican de manera local para extraer información de textura, morfología y tortuosidad de la imagen de fondo de ojo. Posteriormente, esta información se combina de diversos modos formando vectores de características con los que se entrenan avanzados métodos de clasificación formulados para discriminar de manera óptima entre exudados, microaneurismas, hemorragias y tejido sano. Mediante diversos experimentos, se valida la habilidad del sistema propuesto para identificar los signos más comunes de la RD y DMAE. Para ello se emplean bases de datos públicas con un alto grado de variabilidad sin exlcuir ninguna imagen. Además, la presente tesis también cubre aspectos básicos del paradigma de deep learning. Concretamente, se presenta un novedoso método basado en redes neuronales convolucionales (CNNs). La técnica de transferencia de conocimiento se aplica mediante el fine-tuning de las arquitecturas de CNNs más importantes en el estado del arte. La detección y localización de exudados mediante redes neuronales se lleva a cabo en los dos últimos experimentos de esta tesis doctoral. Cabe destacar que los resultados obtenidos mediante la extracción de características "manual" y posterior clasificación se comparan de forma objetiva con las predicciones obtenidas por el mejor modelo basado en CNNs. Los prometedores resultados obtenidos en esta tesis y el bajo coste y portabilidad de las cámaras de adquisión de imagen de retina podrían facilitar la incorporación de los algoritmos desarrollados en este trabajo en un sistema de cribado automático que ayude a los especialistas en la detección de patrones anomálos característicos de las dos enfermedades bajo estudio: RD y DMAE. / In last years, the number of blindness cases has been significantly reduced. Despite this promising news, the World Health Organisation estimates that 80% of visual impairment (285 million cases in 2010) could be avoided if diagnosed and treated early. To accomplish this purpose, eye care services need to be established in primary health and screening campaigns should be a common task in centres with people at risk. However, these solutions entail a high workload for trained experts in the analysis of the anomalous patterns of each eye disease. Therefore, the development of algorithms for automatic screening system plays a vital role in this field. This thesis focuses on the automatic identification of the retinal damage provoked by two of the most common pathologies in the current society: diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Specifically, the final goal of this work is to develop novel methods, based on fundus image description and classification, to characterise the healthy and abnormal tissue in the retina background. In addition, pre-processing algorithms are proposed with the aim of normalising the high variability of fundus images and removing the contribution of some retinal structures that could hinder in the retinal damage detection. In contrast to the most of the state-of-the-art works in damage detection using fundus images, the methods proposed throughout this manuscript avoid the necessity of lesion segmentation or the candidate map generation before the classification stage. Local binary patterns, granulometric profiles and fractal dimension are locally computed to extract texture, morphological and roughness information from retinal images. Different combinations of this information feed advanced classification algorithms formulated to optimally discriminate exudates, microaneurysms, haemorrhages and healthy tissues. Through several experiments, the ability of the proposed system to identify DR and AMD signs is validated using different public databases with a large degree of variability and without image exclusion. Moreover, this thesis covers the basics of the deep learning paradigm. In particular, a novel approach based on convolutional neural networks is explored. The transfer learning technique is applied to fine-tune the most important state-of-the-art CNN architectures. Exudate detection and localisation tasks using neural networks are carried out in the last two experiments of this thesis. An objective comparison between the hand-crafted feature extraction and classification process and the prediction models based on CNNs is established. The promising results of this PhD thesis and the affordable cost and portability of retinal cameras could facilitate the further incorporation of the developed algorithms in a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to help specialists in the accurate detection of anomalous patterns characteristic of the two diseases under study: DR and AMD. / En els últims anys el nombre de casos de ceguera s'ha reduït significativament. A pesar d'este fet, l'Organització Mundial de la Salut estima que un 80% dels casos de pèrdua de visió (285 milions en 2010) poden ser evitats si es diagnostiquen en els seus estadis més primerencs i són tractats de forma efectiva. Per a complir esta proposta es pretén que els servicis d'atenció primària incloguen un seguiment oftalmològic dels seus pacients així com fomentar campanyes de garbellament en centres regentats per persones d'alt risc. No obstant això, estes solucions exigixen una alta càrrega de treball de personal expert entrenat en l'anàlisi dels patrons anòmals propis de cada malaltia. Per tant, el desenrotllament d'algoritmes per a la creació de sistemes de garbellament automàtics juga un paper vital en este camp. La present tesi perseguix la identificació automàtica del dany retiniano provocat per dos de les patologies més comunes en la societat actual: la retinopatia diabètica (RD) i la degenaración macular associada a l'edat (DMAE) . Concretament, l'objectiu final d'este treball és el desenrotllament de mètodes novedodos basats en l'extracció de característiques de la imatge de fons d'ull i classificació per a discernir entre teixit sa i patològic. A més, en este document es proposen algoritmes de pre- processat amb l'objectiu de normalitzar l'alta variabilitat existent en les bases de dades publiques d'imatge de fons d'ull i eliminar la contribució de certes estructures retinianas que afecten negativament en la detecció del dany retiniano. A diferència de la majoria dels treballs existents en l'estat de l'art sobre detecció de patologies en imatge de fons d'ull, els mètodes proposats al llarg d'este manuscrit eviten la necessitat de segmentació de les lesions o la generació d'un mapa de candidats abans de la fase de classificació. En este treball, Local binary patterns, perfils granulometrics i la dimensió fractal s'apliquen de manera local per a extraure informació de textura, morfologia i tortuositat de la imatge de fons d'ull. Posteriorment, esta informació es combina de diversos modes formant vectors de característiques amb els que s'entrenen avançats mètodes de classificació formulats per a discriminar de manera òptima entre exsudats, microaneurismes, hemorràgies i teixit sa. Per mitjà de diversos experiments, es valida l'habilitat del sistema proposat per a identificar els signes més comuns de la RD i DMAE. Per a això s'empren bases de dades públiques amb un alt grau de variabilitat sense exlcuir cap imatge. A més, la present tesi també cobrix aspectes bàsics del paradigma de deep learning. Concretament, es presenta un nou mètode basat en xarxes neuronals convolucionales (CNNs) . La tècnica de transferencia de coneixement s'aplica per mitjà del fine-tuning de les arquitectures de CNNs més importants en l'estat de l'art. La detecció i localització d'exudats per mitjà de xarxes neuronals es du a terme en els dos últims experiments d'esta tesi doctoral. Cal destacar que els resultats obtinguts per mitjà de l'extracció de característiques "manual" i posterior classificació es comparen de forma objectiva amb les prediccions obtingudes pel millor model basat en CNNs. Els prometedors resultats obtinguts en esta tesi i el baix cost i portabilitat de les cambres d'adquisión d'imatge de retina podrien facilitar la incorporació dels algoritmes desenrotllats en este treball en un sistema de garbellament automàtic que ajude als especialistes en la detecció de patrons anomálos característics de les dos malalties baix estudi: RD i DMAE. / Colomer Granero, A. (2018). Fundus image analysis for automatic screening of ophthalmic pathologies [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/99745 / TESIS

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