Industries are facing more and more challenges with shorter product life span, shorter cycle time demand from customers, diverse product features, adopting advanced processes, global marketing, time demanding manufacturing and management, uncertainty of forecast, and pressure of price cut, etc. To manage all the aspects, industries are requires to re-engineer their companies to improve competitiveness. Therefore, in recent years. CIM, which emphasize on integrating in-house resources,is getting higher attentions from semiconductor companies. The main motive to introduce CIM is to reduce manpower, improve product quality, shorten cycle time, lower inventory, increase efficiency, react to fast changing market and enhance production flexibility. Especially on semi-conductor assembly and test sub-contacting business, due to strong request from IDM customers to manage their supply chain, companies are introducing CIM systems to fulfill the customer requirement and enhance competitiveness, meanwhile elevate the entry barrier as well. How to benefit from CIM are the new challenges to the companies who bring in such system. Thus, this research applies Leonard-Barton¡¦s perspective as the reference Structure and adopts case study methodology to investigate how the three dimensions (Technical, delivery system and organizational performance) could be related to the four Chosen companies of IC Assembly and testing manufacture. The data was collected mainly Through semi-structured interviews. By doing the above, this research would like to explore the relationship between CIM implementation and organizational adaptation. The research results indicated that manufacture flow module in these four cases was conducted according to the built-in system flows modeling of the CIM package adopted, then through by the system and flow integration of CIM and ERP to make the information flow and internal organization more close. The system integrity and the paradigm of built-in flow are the main benefits derived from CIM implementation from the technology perspective. Guided by the built-in flow, the company can adapt itself through learning and obtain potential synergy. However, by so doing, the company is exposed to the risk of system function inadequacy and the deleterious impact brought by BPR, which is conducted without active participation of the user organization. In summary, the potential hazard of technology dimension comes from system function inadequacy and system transplant without conducting proper BPR. This in turn will increase the risk of software project and incur potential costs such as compromise and system tuning. Lastly, we found three key factors to the successful adaptation between CIM system and organization. 1. Integration between CIM and ERP. 2. Specification and compatibility of CIM and usage of build-in flow modeling tools. 3. Internal flow adaptation including internal change management, coordination among associated information departments, and KU educational trainings. The mentioned three points are keys to minimize the problems of organization adaptation and help to smoothen the manufacturing flow integration and improve the overall performance when CIM system implement in the industries.

Harold Lasswell (1936) defined politics as the exploration of "who gets what, when, and how." As such, one of the central concerns of democratic governance is the role that affected interests play not only in politics, but in the implementation of adopted policies as well. In this dissertation, I use both comparative method case studies, as well as pooled-time series statistical techniques, to examine the effects of political, economic and market forces, and competition between the affected interests on implementation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977. The findings of this, as well as previous, research shows that state-level implementing agencies have some discretion in enforcement activities; however, closer examination shows that this discretion is rarely used. This lack of use of regulatory discretion by the state-level implementing agencies suggests that in most states, there is either sufficient competition between the affected interests to neutralize the excessive use of discretion in enforcement activity, or that there is insufficient pressure placed on the implementing agencies by the affected interests to warrant the use of discretion.

For the past decade or two, the industrial structure in Taiwan have been changed from production oriented to service type causing some industries to relocate abroad or to close their business. In the 90¡¦s, the structure of companies changed in the direction of flat organization in order to survive in the highly competitive market. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main functions of the middle managers in the flat organizations. Due to limited number of papers in discussing of the middle managers, the questionnaire is structured from the information of papers related in the area of the duties, abilities and strategic role of the middle managers. By applying structural questionnaire through qualitative research interview, came out the quotation script. Then, using narative inquiry concludes that middle managers should hold the following five main functions: 1. Function of communication 2. Function of problem solving 3. Function of implementation 4. Function of synthesis 5. Function of assisting development

For the past decade or two, the industrial structure in Taiwan have been changed from production oriented to service type causing some industries to relocate abroad or to close their business. In the 90¡¦s, the structure of companies changed in the direction of flat organization in order to survive in the highly competitive market. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main functions of the middle managers in the flat organizations. Due to limited number of papers in discussing of the middle managers, the questionnaire is structured from the information of papers related in the area of the duties, abilities and strategic role of the middle managers. By applying structural questionnaire through qualitative research interview, came out the quotation script. Then, using narative inquiry concludes that middle managers should hold the following five main functions: 1. Function of communication 2. Function of problem solving 3. Function of implementation 4. Function of synthesis 5. Function of assisting development

China¡¦s IPR problem has been an important issue since 1979, and particularly so when competition between China and U.S for power and interest. The Chinese government directed several IPR policies which have had low efficiency. This research analyses the policy-making, the implementation, the feedback, and the adaptation of China¡¦s IPR policies by using system theory and public policy theory. Another focus of this research is to demonstrate China¡¦s problems in effect of internal and external influences. The research found that the formulation of China¡¦s IPR policies is deeply affected by internal and external factors, and the effect factor of implementation process in China is almostly the most important one, among the factors.

<p>The challenge of achieving global sanitation targets is that it requires application of both technology that is appropriate and a supporting organizational structure. The interactions between the two begin during the planning/decision-making process and continue throughout the system lifetime. During the last decade, strategic planning frameworks have emerged in the water and sanitation sector that reflect a shift from traditional, top-down planning to a more participatory, bottom-up approach. Despite this shift and in light of the continuing challenge of achieving widespread sanitation in the world, it is necessary to question if a knowledge gap exists between the global sanitation frameworks and local stakeholder priorities. This licentiate thesis presents the first phase of a research project whose objective is to study the global models and compare them with existing local planning and decision-making conditions. It focuses on establishing the global context with regard to strategic planning tools and perspectives on sustainable sanitation. In general, there is close agreement on methodology and processes recommended by international planning frameworks; however the use of the term “sustainable sanitation” is highly variable. In general, the findings of this thesis show that improving sanitation conditions requires tools based on participation, social marketing, and process approaches for planning, capacity development, and feedback. Continuation of this research will investigate the local context regarding current planning practices and perspectives on sustainable sanitation in order to assess potential differences between the global and local context and make recommendations for improving adaptation of planning strategies for bringing sanitation to scale.</p>

Induction and mentoring programs are often portrayed as commonsense policy solutions to lower teacher attrition, build beginning teacher capability and ultimately, raise student achievement. Mentoring standards however, have rarely been examined to see how their interpretation and implementation influence the relationship of mentor-mentee pairs in local contexts under a state voluntary induction and mentoring program. In this multi-cased qualitative study, I interviewed nine mentor-mentee pairs and conducted separate mentor and mentee focus groups as well as observing the mentor and mentee interact during an observational cycle in seven high poverty middle schools under Texas' Beginning Teacher Induction and Mentoring (BTIM) program. I also performed a content analysis of mentor training and support materials. Using Cohen and Moffitt's policy implementation framework I found that due to the lack of specificity and formalness of mentoring standards in BTIM-specific and non-specific documents, and the spottiness of mentor initial training, most mentors and mentees needed to rely on their capabilities and dispositions to define their roles. Consequently, it seemed that in the eyes of the mentors and mentees their relationship was informal; this was reflected in the roles that they assumed. Based on the study results, I recommend that mentoring standards for the mentor and mentee be more specific and formally defined. Indeed, there appears to be a need to formally conceptualize mentoring from its policy aims to its policy instruments within mentoring policy. / text

The purpose of this study was to explore the implementation experiences of school leaders and teachers in a public, all-female, single-sex campus that experienced successful student outcomes. This research examined the participants' views of the factors that influence successful implementation of this model. Three research questions guided the study: (1) What are stakeholder perceptions of the factors that influenced the successful implementation of an all-female, single-sex, whole-school reform? (2) What are stakeholder perceptions of the successes experienced during the successful implementation of an all-female, single-sex, whole-school reform? (3) What are stakeholder perceptions of the challenges to the successful implementation of an all-female, single-sex, whole-school reform? This qualitative study used a grounded theory approach and a case study design to examine the implementation of whole-school, single-sex reform on a campus that experienced successful student outcomes, as evidenced by receiving the highest rating from the state accountability system in 2010-2011. Participants for this study were selected through purposive, theoretical sampling using a referral technique to generate the participant pool. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, an open-ended questionnaire, and a review of documents. To produce a substantive theory, data analysis followed the open, axial, and selective coding processes outlined by Strauss and Corbin (1990). The participant perceptions and major findings were analyzed to determine the relationships between causal conditions in order to develop theoretical explanations about the factors that influenced the implementation. The major factors influencing the implementation of the all-female, single-sex campus in this study were: (1) Community, (2) External factors, (3) District-level factors, and (4) School-level factors. The data and findings from this research were used to generate a substantive theory regarding the factors that influence successful implementation of this model so that leaders in public school districts may have a greater knowledge base with which to augment the decision-making process when considering the implementation of all-female, single-sex campuses as a whole-school reform model. Also, districts planning to implement this model may use the findings as a guide when considering the factors in their own districts that may influence implementation. / text

The municipal identities and the absence of shared benefits-A case of municipal cooperationbetween Norrköping and Linköping on issues of regional airports.This is a bachelor thesis concerning airports in the region of Östergötland and policy network cooperation between the municipal Norrköping and Linköping. The municipalities have numerous times interacted in other fields of the political administration. The thesis investigates the steps that have been taken by the municipalities since the last reports that were made in this matter. Why there have not been any achievements in interactions and what may happen in the future to these airports. The result is based on empirical evidence collected from an interview study; the respondents in the interviews are politicians and public officials in both municipals.The thesis shows that the implementation process of policy networks between the municipalities have been lingering and difficult. Politicians from the municipal of Linköping have not seen the benefits of a jointly owned operating company for the airports, while the politicians from the municipal of Norrköping has not worked proactive in the matter. The final conclusion of the thesis is that the two regional airports today are to varied in their structures to be able to corporate and the only output that came from the reports in this matter was an informal partnership agreement in marketing.

The twentieth century shift from the industrial society to the knowledge society must be met by a transition in management of human capital. This thesis seeks to design an implementation method based on goal-setting theory and other team based work designs that can be deployed by anyone in the company. The model accounts for the two largest barriers to successful implementation, management and labor unions. The new model is strengthened by a bottoms-up approach, on-the-job development of teaming skills, and inclusion of the labor union at the earliest stage possible. / text