A aspersão térmica por chama hipersônica tem se destacado pelo método rápido e eficiente para aplicação de revestimentos com grandes vantagens como: tempo, custo e qualidade. Os revestimentos de Inconel 625 apresentam uma série de aplicações industriais principalmente nos segmentos industriais: químico e petroquímico. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar as tensões residuais em revestimentos de Inconel 625 obtidos por aspersão térmica de chama hipersônica (HVOF) através do método de difração de raios-X. Os revestimentos de Inconel 625 sobre substrato de aço ABNT 4140 foram produzidos por aspersão térmica utilizando-se dois equipamentos com os seguintes combustíveis para produção da chama: um combustível gasoso, o propano e um combustível líquido, o querosene. Realizou-se a análise de topo, em pontos aleatórios, das amostras para quantificar as tensões residuais e, após, esta medida inicial obteve-se a construção de um perfil de tensões residuais através do método de remoção de camada, em média de 10 - 20 μm do revestimento de Inconel 625. Este trabalho também tem interesse em avaliar além das tensões residuais, se as características dos revestimentos de Inconel 625 também variam em função do combustível utilizado na aspersão térmica. A morfologia dos revestimentos obtidos foi analisada por microscopia óptica. A rugosidade dos revestimentos foi avaliada por trilha medida no rugosímetro. Foi avaliada a dureza através do perfil longitudinal pelo ensaio de micro dureza Vickers. A tendência da superfície a apresentar hidrofilia ou hidrofobicidade foi avaliada pela molhabilidade através do método da gota séssil. A resistência a corrosão dos revestimentos foram avaliados pelos ensaios de névoa salina, monitoramento do potencial de circuito aberto e pelas curvas de polarização potenciodinâmica em água do mar sintética. Neste trabalho após os ensaios realizados para ambos os revestimentos obtidos por HVOF, utilizando-se duas fontes de combustível distintas, notam-se diferenças quanto ao perfil de tensões residuais, microestrutura, desempenho frente à corrosão, sendo que o processo com combustível líquido apresentou melhor desempenho. / The thermal spray flame hypersonic has been highlighted by the rapid and efficient method for applying coatings with big advantages: time, cost and quality. Inconel 625 coatings have a number of industrial applications especially in industries: chemical and petrochemical. In this context, the current study aims to evaluate the residual stresses in Inconel 625 coatings obtained by thermal spray hypersonic flame (HVOF) through the X – ray diffraction method. The Inconel 625 coating on SAE 4140 steel substrate was produced by thermal spraying using two equipments with the following fuel flame production: a gaseous fuel, propane or a liquid fuel, kerosene. Was performed top consideration in random points, the samples to quantify residual stresses, and after this initial measurement was obtained building a profile of residual stresses by layer removal method, on average 10 - 20 μm of Inconel 625 coating. This work also has an interest in evaluating besides the residual stresses, the characteristics of Inconel 625 coatings also vary depending on the fuel used in thermal spraying. The morphology of the coatings obtained was analyzed by optical microscopy. The roughness of the coatings was evaluated by measuring the track roughness. The hardness was evaluated by the longitudinal profile by micro Vickers hardness test. The tendency of the surface to provide hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity was evaluated by the wettability by sessile drop method. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated by salt spray tests, monitoring the open circuit potential and the potentiodynamic polarization curves in synthetic sea water. In this work after the tests carried out for both coatings obtained by HVOF, using two sources of different fuel, are noticeable differences in the profile of residual stresses, microstructure performance against corrosion, being the process liquid fuel showed better performance.

A aspersão térmica por chama hipersônica tem se destacado pelo método rápido e eficiente para aplicação de revestimentos com grandes vantagens como: tempo, custo e qualidade. Os revestimentos de Inconel 625 apresentam uma série de aplicações industriais principalmente nos segmentos industriais: químico e petroquímico. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar as tensões residuais em revestimentos de Inconel 625 obtidos por aspersão térmica de chama hipersônica (HVOF) através do método de difração de raios-X. Os revestimentos de Inconel 625 sobre substrato de aço ABNT 4140 foram produzidos por aspersão térmica utilizando-se dois equipamentos com os seguintes combustíveis para produção da chama: um combustível gasoso, o propano e um combustível líquido, o querosene. Realizou-se a análise de topo, em pontos aleatórios, das amostras para quantificar as tensões residuais e, após, esta medida inicial obteve-se a construção de um perfil de tensões residuais através do método de remoção de camada, em média de 10 - 20 μm do revestimento de Inconel 625. Este trabalho também tem interesse em avaliar além das tensões residuais, se as características dos revestimentos de Inconel 625 também variam em função do combustível utilizado na aspersão térmica. A morfologia dos revestimentos obtidos foi analisada por microscopia óptica. A rugosidade dos revestimentos foi avaliada por trilha medida no rugosímetro. Foi avaliada a dureza através do perfil longitudinal pelo ensaio de micro dureza Vickers. A tendência da superfície a apresentar hidrofilia ou hidrofobicidade foi avaliada pela molhabilidade através do método da gota séssil. A resistência a corrosão dos revestimentos foram avaliados pelos ensaios de névoa salina, monitoramento do potencial de circuito aberto e pelas curvas de polarização potenciodinâmica em água do mar sintética. Neste trabalho após os ensaios realizados para ambos os revestimentos obtidos por HVOF, utilizando-se duas fontes de combustível distintas, notam-se diferenças quanto ao perfil de tensões residuais, microestrutura, desempenho frente à corrosão, sendo que o processo com combustível líquido apresentou melhor desempenho. / The thermal spray flame hypersonic has been highlighted by the rapid and efficient method for applying coatings with big advantages: time, cost and quality. Inconel 625 coatings have a number of industrial applications especially in industries: chemical and petrochemical. In this context, the current study aims to evaluate the residual stresses in Inconel 625 coatings obtained by thermal spray hypersonic flame (HVOF) through the X – ray diffraction method. The Inconel 625 coating on SAE 4140 steel substrate was produced by thermal spraying using two equipments with the following fuel flame production: a gaseous fuel, propane or a liquid fuel, kerosene. Was performed top consideration in random points, the samples to quantify residual stresses, and after this initial measurement was obtained building a profile of residual stresses by layer removal method, on average 10 - 20 μm of Inconel 625 coating. This work also has an interest in evaluating besides the residual stresses, the characteristics of Inconel 625 coatings also vary depending on the fuel used in thermal spraying. The morphology of the coatings obtained was analyzed by optical microscopy. The roughness of the coatings was evaluated by measuring the track roughness. The hardness was evaluated by the longitudinal profile by micro Vickers hardness test. The tendency of the surface to provide hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity was evaluated by the wettability by sessile drop method. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated by salt spray tests, monitoring the open circuit potential and the potentiodynamic polarization curves in synthetic sea water. In this work after the tests carried out for both coatings obtained by HVOF, using two sources of different fuel, are noticeable differences in the profile of residual stresses, microstructure performance against corrosion, being the process liquid fuel showed better performance.

The diploma thesis deals with the development of process parameters of SLM technology for the material IN718. The main goal is an experimental development of a set of parameters for the production of thin-walled parts with regard to material density, surface roughness and tightness. The essence of the development of parameters is an experimental explanation of the influence of laser power and scanning speed on the morphology of single tracks, which are used for the production of a thin wall. Together with walls of larger widths and volume samples, it is possible to create an intersection of parameters by which is possible to create components formed by a combination of thin-walled and volume geometry. The performed research created a material set, where the parameters of thin walls are used for the area of contours of bulk samples. We managed to produce a wall with an average width of 0.15 mm and roughness of 6 m, which meets the requirement for the tightness. The meander scanning pattern achieved a relative material density of 99.92%, which is more than with the supplier's parameters. Based on the acquired knowledge, it was possible to apply a set of parameters to components combining both geometries.

The aim of this thesis was to modify microstructure and coating-substrate interface of CoNiCrAlY coatings deposited by HVOF and cold spray on Inconel 718 substrates. Electron beam remelting and annealing in a protective atmosphere were used to modify the coatings. Microstructure, chemical and phase composition were analyzed. The effect of beam current, transversal velocity and beam defocus on remelted depth was evaluated. As-sprayed microstructure and chemical composition of coatings were analyzed and compared with remelted samples. The effect of annealing of the as-sprayed and remelted samples was evaluated. Remelted layers exhibited dendritic structure. Chemical composition changed only after remelting of interface and part of a substrate. When only the coating was remelted, chemical composition remained the same. Phases coarsened after the annealing. Chemical composition changed after annealing due to the diffusion.

During operational conditions of internal combustion turbines of turbojet engines, the impeller are stressed by load cycles which vary in time, temperature and stress. In the course of operation, the blades are exposed to a considerable number of degradation effects, particularly high-temperature corrosion, fatigue processes and creep. The presented work is aimed at the study of the structure cast nickel-base superalloy INCONEL 713 LC, creep tests exposured. The structural changes (degradation) was clasification by the help of image analyses. Operational conditions of heat parts, used in gas turbines and turbo-compressors, were simulated by creep tests of Inconel 713 LC nickel superalloy during a constant load of temperatures ranging from 750 up to 950°C. Changes in the structure dependent upon time, temperature and stress applied were analysed by means of light and electron microscopy methods and image analyses after the fracture of test bars.

This thesis deals with the low cycle fatigue nickel-based superalloy IN713LC with applied TBC barrier at high temperature. The theoretical part is divided into four sections. The first one focuses on description of fatigue damage. The second one provides the basic characteristics of nickel-based superalloys. The third section describes the use of the surface layers - diffusion layers and thermal barriers and the fourth section deals with the influence of these layers on fatigue properties. Experimental part is focused on the evaluation of low cycle fatigue tests and on the explanation of the mechanisms of initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks. For the experimental part, fatigue samples were prepared by vacuum precision investment casting. TBC barrier was applied by atmospheric plasma spraying and consists of two sublayers - the lower metallic bond coating type CoNiCrAlY and top ceramic coating type YSZ. Low cycle fatigue tests were conducted under strain control at controlled temperature of 900 ° C. Fractographical analysis of fracture surfaces was carried out by using light and electron microscopy. Effect of applied barrier to fatigue life was determined - the parameters of Manson-Coffin and Basquin curve. A cyclic stress-strain curve was also obtained. The curves softening / hardening and number of transit cycles were determined. The obtained parameters and values from fatigue tests were compared with available data from fatigue tests of superalloy IN713LC without the layer, as applied AlSi type diffusion layer, at high temperatures. The initiation site on the fracture surfaces was determined within the fractographic evaluation and the influence of the layer on the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks was discussed. A helpful tool was the assessment of longitudinal sections using scanning electron microscopy.

The present diploma thesis is focused on the effect of AlCr layer on the low cycle fatigue behaviour of cast polycrystalline superalloy IN713LC at 800°C. Protective layer is made by chemical vapour deposition followed by heat treatment. Fatigue tests were conducted in strain control mode with constant total strain amplitude and strain rate. The fatigue behaviour is assessed by cyclic hardening/softening curves, cyclic stress-strain curves, Manson-Coffin curves and Basquin curves. Microstructure was observed in as-received state and also after cyclic loading by means of optical microscopy and SEM.

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