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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A ?gua na ind?stria de pescados e no segmento de alimenta??o coletiva: uso da avalia??o do ciclo de vida como ferramenta para o desenvolvimento sustent?vel / Water in the fish industry and in Collective feeding segment: use of Assessment of the life cycle as a tool For sustainable development

Louren?o, Maristela Soares 03 September 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-30T12:42:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Maristela Soares Louren?o.pdf: 4369198 bytes, checksum: 2ec3a82b696b5d2a8be25a4f931cf3b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T12:42:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Maristela Soares Louren?o.pdf: 4369198 bytes, checksum: 2ec3a82b696b5d2a8be25a4f931cf3b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-03 / The food production chain, from primary production, such as aquaculture, to the preparation and consumption of food depends on the use of natural resources and involves some form of environmental impacts. The methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), this perspective can be a tool, in that it provides a critical analysis of industry activities and environmental aspects associated. The LCA stands out both as a technique and a ?model of thinking? to integrating information about fluxes of energy and matter and evaluated the impacts along the supply chain, since the extraction of raw materials of nature to the final disposal of products or processes of interest, process that demands intense interdisciplinary in the representations of the phenomena studied in multiple dimensions of analysis. The aim of this study was to analyze the fishery production chain in a broader sense, in other words, the production process of Aquaculture and Seafood Industries Portuguese, as well as the production process of fish meals in the Food Service Segment in Brazil and Portugal, addressing water use and effluent generation through the LCA. The methodology was qualitative, quantitative, descriptive and exploratory in the segments studied in Brazil and Portugal. Analyzes carried out physical-chemical and microbiological for identification of water quality and type of effluents generated in the processes studied. The results show that in all processes, water management is not integral part of environmental management, only in the Food Service Segment in Brazil presents control water by hydrometers and one of the Seafood Industry in Portugal is carried out effluent treatment. The measurement of the water quantity in the steps of Aquaculture, Seafood Industry and Food Service Segment contemplates water footprint in the process, with the measurement, it is necessary to reflect on the procedures adopted and control of water consumption, as also the generation of effluents originating from the process. With regard to analysis, the effluents generated in some steps of the processes showed high levels of organic matter and total solids, and appreciable levels of fecal coliform, total coliform as well as heterotrophic bacteria were found. It is concluded that this analysis points to the need to introduce strategies in order to monitor and manage the use of water in the segments studied and to base more extensive reflections on the consumption of water resources and potential environmental impacts from the perspective of the life cycle of the product. / A cadeia produtiva dos alimentos, desde a produ??o prim?ria, como a aq?icultura, at? a prepara??o e consumo do alimento depende da utiliza??o de recursos naturais e implica de alguma forma em impactos ambientais. A metodologia de Avalia??o do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), nesta perspectiva, pode ser uma ferramenta, na medida em que, proporciona uma an?lise cr?tica das atividades das ind?strias e dos aspectos ambientais associados. A ACV se apresenta como t?cnica e, ao mesmo tempo, ?modelo de pensamento? relevante para integrar informa??es sobre os fluxos f?sicos de mat?ria e avaliar os impactos ao longo das cadeias de suprimento, desde a extra??o da mat?ria-prima da natureza at? a disposi??o final dos produtos ou processos de interesse; processo que demanda intensa interdisciplinaridade nas representa??es dos fen?menos estudados, em m?ltiplas dimens?es de an?lise. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a cadeia produtiva da pesca em um sentido mais amplo, ou seja, o processo de produ??o da Aq?icultura e Ind?strias de Pescados portuguesas, bem como o processo produtivo de refei??es com pescado do Segmento de Alimenta??o Coletiva no Brasil e em Portugal, abordando o uso da ?gua e a gera??o de efluentes atrav?s da ACV. A metodologia adotada teve car?ter qualitativo, quantitativo, descritivo e explorat?rio nos segmentos estudados no Brasil e em Portugal. Foram realizadas an?lises f?sico-qu?micas e microbiol?gicas para identifica??o da qualidade da ?gua e o tipo de efluentes gerados nos processos estudados. Os resultados apontam que em todos os processos, a gest?o da ?gua n?o ? parte integrante da gest?o ambiental, apenas no Segmento de Alimenta??o Coletiva do Brasil apresenta controle de ?gua por hidr?metros e em uma das Ind?strias de Pescados em Portugal ? realizado o tratamento de efluentes. A mensura??o da quantidade de ?gua nas etapas da aq?icultura, da Ind?stria de Pescados e do Segmento de Alimenta??o Coletiva contempla a pegada h?drica nos processos, com esta aferi??o, torna-se necess?ria a reflex?o sobre os procedimentos adotados e o controle de consumo de ?gua, como tamb?m a gera??o de efluentes advindos dos processos. Com rela??o ?s an?lises, os efluentes gerados em algumas etapas dos processos apresentaram elevados teores de mat?ria org?nica e s?lidos totais, bem como n?veis apreci?veis de coliformes termotolerantes, coliformes totais e bact?rias heterotr?ficas. Conclui-se que este diagn?stico aponta para a necessidade de introduzir estrat?gias com objetivo de monitorar e racionalizar o uso da ?gua nos Segmentos estudados e embasar reflex?es mais amplas sobre o consumo dos recursos h?dricos e os potenciais impactos ambientais sob a perspectiva do ciclo de vida do produto.

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