The homelessness phenomenon is extreme exposure of indigence and social preclusion. Much of world has been fighting with this problem for many years and our society is not exception. Also in our country the subjects exist which are becoming either volunteer or under the pressure of circumstances socially outcasted. It is livehood of individuals without home who are not able to solve their situation adequately without assistance of others. Hence they search various forms of social remedy. The term homelessness denotes summation of dealings and actions, causes and consequences which leads to loss of upcountry (home), life surenesses or more precisely to social preclusion. In my thesis I tried to zoom homelessness problems without prejudice and to find out public opinion on this. It should serve as basis for further research in this scope and increase the degree of awareness about the homelessness problems.

La lutte contre la grande pauvreté et l'indigence dans le Gard au XIXe siècle1789-1899 La mise au point d'une protection sociale généralisée et durableUne des premières missions conduites par la Révolution consiste à supprimer toute forme de pauvreté qui accable la population française la plus fragile. Le roi confie l'oeuvre d'assistance aux religieux alors que les révolutionnaires ambitionnent d'éradiquer le fléau de la misère.L'enjeu est double: protéger les départements des crises économiques et bâtir une protection sociale qui profite à chaque citoyen.Le présent travail se propose d'étudier la problématique que soulève cette situation dans le cadre géographique du département du Gard, au XIXe siècle. Pour tenter d'apporter un commencement de solution, il convient d'étudier, successivement et à travers trois périodes, l'oeuvre des intervenants historiques: les pouvoirs publics, les Eglises catholique et protestante, et les bienfaiteurs privés.- 1789-Période révolutionnaire Les caractéristiques de la grande pauvreté et de l'indigence dans le Gard;- 1789-1850 L'institutionnalisation progressive de l'aide aux personnes confrontées à la misère dans le département;- 1850-1899 La finalisation d'une protection sociale généralisée et durable. / The wrestle against the great poverty and the destitution in the department of Gard after the french revolution.During the ninetenth century, the part of the population more precarious endures a trying and social misery, that the revolution wants to remove. How break up this problematical question?For tempting to bring a solution, this work proposes to learn the situation in the department of Gard, in the present region Languedoc-Roussillon, cross three periods:- 1789-Revolutionary period : The characteristics ot the great poverty in the Gard;- 1789-1850 : The progressive institutionalisation of help for persons confronted at the misery in the department;- 1850-1899 : The finalisation of a social protection generalized and lasting.

Texte remanié de: Th. doct.--Besançon, 1994. / En appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 347-382. Index.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mathias de Abreu Lima Filho.pdf: 651942 bytes, checksum: 5aec5004514b77bb52b2eaf00712620e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-07 / The main purpose of this work is to set up a approach between Martin Heidegger s thought and Rainer Maria Rilkes s poetry, regarding what both conceive as Modernity s indigence , the situation of spiritual meaning emptiness in the contemporary man, in the post-Enlightenment and post-Industrial Revolution, age of growing hegemony s age of the science and technique. The authors mean, each one by his own way, that this contingency in the West history, does not result from circumstantial phenomena, but from the civilizing evolution of thinking, matrix of the way as today the man can look at, understand and live his reality today. The finishing of Metaphysics, pointed out by Heidegger as the forgetfullness of the being, through the power of technique, is the historical-philosophical substratum wich configures our destiny in this present time. This historial dimension, establishes for the man one specific order to deal with the life, exclusively objectal and determinist, wich prevents them for considering other horizons maybe more primordials of the human condition, like for instance, the love, the death and the indeterminate Open of the existence itself. Both authors, in retaking this indigence destiny, simultaneously beckon for a tourning move to another path wich can indicate man another glance of understanding towards life, a gesture wich could send us to an original ground. They catch a glimpse for the human destiny through the issues treated in their works, a knowledge and a saying different from those in effect in our techno-planetary reality. A knowledge alternative to the technique and calculations learning, able to think and receive the things of the world through listening, waiting and silence, beckoning for the meaning of a different destiny. And, a saying of a thought that resides near the poetry s song, being thus attentive to the world things permanent manifestation in the amplitude of the great Open of being / A intenção principal do trabalho é estabelecer uma aproximação entre o pensamento de Martin Heidegger e a poesia de Rainer Maria Rilke, no que tange ao que ambos concebem como indigência da Modernidade , a situação de vazio de sentido espiritual do homem contemporâneo, no pós-iluminismo e pós-revolução industrial, era de hegemonia crescente da ciência e da técnica. Entendem os autores, cada qual de modo próprio, que esta contingência na história do Ocidente, não decorre de fenômenos circunstanciais, porém da evolução civilizatória do pensamento, matriz do modo como hoje o homem pode olhar, compreender e viver sua realidade. O acabamento da Metafísica, apontado por Heidegger como o esquecimento do ser, através do poder da técnica, é o substrato histórico-filosófico que configura esse nosso atual destino. Esta dimensão historial determina para os homens uma forma própria de lidar com a vida, exclusivamente objetal e determinista, impedindo-os de considerar outros horizontes talvez mais primordiais da condição humana, como por exemplo, o amor, a morte e o próprio Aberto indeterminado da existência. Ambos os autores, retomando este destino de indigência, acenam simultaneamente para um movimento de viravolta , para um outro caminho que indique para o homem um outro olhar de compreensão para com a vida, gesto que pudesse nos remeter para um solo original. Eles vislumbram para o destino humano através dos temas abordados em suas obras, um saber e um dizer diferentes daqueles em vigor na nossa realidade tecno-planetária. Um saber alternativo ao conhecimento da técnica e do cálculo, que possa pensar e acolher as coisas do mundo na escuta, na espera e no silêncio, acenando para o sentido de um outro destino. E, um dizer de um pensamento que reside próximo do canto da poesia, sendo assim atento à manifestação permanente das coisas do mundo na amplitude do grande Aberto do ser