Submitted by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-05-23T13:58:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MaisaOF_DISSERT.pdf: 767871 bytes, checksum: d17c478d78b4175dd0a3f62dd37f0234 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-23T13:58:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MaisaOF_DISSERT.pdf: 767871 bytes, checksum: d17c478d78b4175dd0a3f62dd37f0234 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-29 / This study aimed to evaluate the regenerative and analgesic effects of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract of Caesalpinia ferrea pods – daily dosage of 300 mg/kg – on experimental sciatic neuropathy and non-neuropathic peripheral pain. An amount of 82 male Wistar rats was used in the experiment. There were 40 neuropathic rats divided in four groups of ten animals. They were treated with aqueous extract, hydroalcoholic extract, saline solution, and one them was pseudo-operated. The other 42 rats were distributed in six groups of seven animals. Three groups were led to writhing test induced by acetic acid administration, and the other three groups to termal test induced by carrageenan. The groups had different treatments with aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract and saline solution. Spontaneous (motor and pain) and induced (hyperalgesia and flare) behavioural studies were conducted. There were not significant difference between the groups treated or not with the extracts. However, in the third week, the induced behaviors of interdigital and lateral pinch presented significant difference between the groups treated with extracts and the ones treated with saline solution, which suggests analgesic effect for this behaviour. The dosage of 300 mg/kg of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of Caesalpinia ferrea pods in the experimental traumatic sciatic neuropathy may not be used as analgesic. This dosage suggests analgesic effects for the induced behaviour of pinch. It shows they may be tested in studies evaluating axonal regeneration. Histological results suggest a higher axonal integrity in animals treated with the extracts, similar to the sham group / Este estudo avaliou os efeitos regenerativo e analgésico do extrato aquoso (EACF) e hidroalcoólico (EHCF) da vagem do jucá na neuropatia ciática experimental e na dor periférica não neuropática em ratos, em uma dose diária de 300 mg/kg. Foram utilizados 82 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar, distribuídos da seguinte forma: 40 animais neuropáticos divididos em quatro grupos de dez animais, tratados com o EAFC, EHCF, solução salina e um pseudo-operado. Quarenta e dois animais foram distribuídos em seis grupos de sete animais cada, sendo três para realização de testes de contorção abdominal induzida por ácido acético e três para realização de teste térmico induzido por carragenina. Os grupos receberam tratamentos com EAFC, EHCF e solução salina. Estudos comportamentais espontâneos (motricidade e dor) e induzidos (hiperalgesia e reflexos) foram avaliados, não havendo diferença significativa entre os grupos tratados e não tratados, entretanto nos comportamentos induzidos de pinçar interdigital e lateral da região plantar, houve uma diferença significativa entre os grupos tratados com os extratos e tratados com solução salina, , sugerindo um efeito analgésico. A dose de 300mg/kg de EACF e EHCF na neuropatia traumática experimental não pode ser utilizada como analgésico, porém sugerem a existência de efeitos analgésicos para os comportamentos induzidos de pinçar. Os resultados histológicos sugerem uma maior integridade axonal dos animais tratados com os extractos, semelhante ao grupo Sham / 2017-05-23

Self-recognition is commonlly taken as a higher ability and it was previously considered to be exclusive to spieces who are cognitively more capable, as humans or apes. However during years other animal species with no expectancy of this ability were tested, such as elephants and cetaceans, and even there the signs of self-recognition were found. The most common test for self-recognition is the mark test. The animal is marked with none-olfactoric and none-tactile mark somewhere on the part of its body which can not be seen without mirror. If the subject recognizes itself in the mirror, it will try to wipe out the mark of its body with help of the mirror image. In our experiment we used great tit (Parus major) as a testing species and three types of mirror tests were carried our. Except the fact that great tits are able to succesfully learn to use the mirror image to search hidden food, we found no evidence of self-recognition in mark test. Therefore we believe that this passerine species is not capable of this type of self-recognition.