Bibliography: p. 175-191. / Because industrial accident rates in many industrialized countries are apparently worsening, efforts are being made to devise new accident prevention techniques. One recent development is Loss Control, which involves a new management approach in which safety is incorporated in an integrated cost reduction programme to reduce all types of non-speculative risks incurred by the business. Shifting the appeal away from the traditional goal of preventing injuries, Loss Control attempts to lower accident rates through improved measures to raise productivity, and thus protect the safety of employees indirectly, by making the business more efficient. Since Loss Control emerged in the United States and Canada during the 1960's, it has been adopted by many firms in various countries throughout the world. Books and articles on the theory of Loss Control have challenged previous assumptions about the best ways to manage industrial safety, but unfortunately, no one has analyzed very carefully the advantages of the new approach over traditional methods, or published any detailed descriptions of specific firms to show how Loss Control has been implemented and what outcome it has actually had. The main objective here is to correct this deficiency, and evaluate Loss Control in both theory and practice.

Bibliography: pages 143-144. / This thesis researches the "Just-in-Time" (JIT) in the production philosophy and its application pharmaceutical industry in South Africa. While JIT is widely accepted in Japan and is gaining some acceptance in the USA, it is virtually unknown in South Africa. Studies of the JIT philosophy in the world at large have been largely confined to the use of JIT in repetitive mass production environments, such as is found in the motor industry. No prior studies have been conducted on the application of the JIT philosophy to the pharmaceutical industry in South Africa. The objectives of the thesis are: •To properly define JIT and establish the extent and nature of its components, having researched existing JIT systems in use throughout the world. •To investigate the application of JIT in South Africa with particular reference to the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. •To determine to what extent JIT and Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II) can complement each other in improving productivity in the South African pharmaceutical industry. The techniques used in carrying out the thesis work included literature searches, attending seminars and conducting surveys, whilst the author participated in a JIT pilot project in the pharmaceutical industry.

This thesis discusses the philosophy and techniques of the Japanese Just-in-Time manufacturing system and its applicability in South Africa. The Japanese system consists of two types of procedures and techniques. They pertain to: 1) productivity; (2) quality. The aspect of the system dealing most directly with productivity is known as the just-in-time system. Just-in-Time addresses the material cost component of productivity. The diverse indirect effects are even more pronounced. Just-in-Time partially covers Japanese quality improvements but there are a host of other Japanese quality improvement concepts and procedures. Total quality control describes the set of Japanese quality improvement procedures which in turn encompasses some of the Just-in-Time techniques and improves productivity through the avoidance of waste. The two entities of the Japanese manufacturing system overlap.

Bibliography: p. 221-229. / Currently, the Coloured population group constitutes approximately 55 percent of the total population of the Cape Peninsula and is growing at a rate of nearly 3 percent per annum. Since 1960, they are playing an increasingly important role in the construction industry of the Cape Peninsula and in terms of the Government's labour policy, are to replace Black labour entirely in this region in the long run. Presently, documented research literature on behavioural aspects of Coloured labour is scarcely available. Behavioural research literature available to South African industrialists is predominantly directed towards either Black labour of this country or labour of European and American countries. This information proved to be insufficient as a theoretical base for effective motivation of Coloured workers to participate in industrial activities and to perform at a high level in their work. For the most efficient utilization of the fast-growing Coloured labour potential of the Cape Peninsula, extensive scientific research into factors influencing the work-participation and work-performance decisions of this labour group is consequently sorely required. This study sets out to investigate the existence of possible barriers to the effective motivation of Coloured workers employed in the construction industry of the Cape Peninsula. It was felt that with a knowledge of the nature of existing motivational barriers and their stimulating factors, industrialists will be in a more favourable position to introduce incentive - schemes and to create conditions at work that will improve the present level of motivation of their Coloured employees.

The Factories, Machinery and Building Work Act of 1941 has embodied in it certain factors which are apparently intended to promote the prevention of accidents in industry. These factors have been lifted out of the Act and Regulations and their significance is discussed in this thesis. The results of a questionnaire posed to firms are presented and analysed. These results indicate a limited degree of effective accident prevention which can be ascribed to the existence of the Factories Act. This thesis is divided into three parts: Part I : What the Factories Act provides for. Part II: The significant factors for accident prevention embodied in the Act. Part III: Conclusions and Recommendations. The history of the Factories Act is briefly traced and the Act in its present form is discussed in considerable detail. The following factors are revealed: - Registration for the purposes of control; - Approvals for the purpose of quality; - The creation of a safe and healthy environment; - The utilisation of competent persons; - The legal obligations of various classes of persons. Case histories of accidents are worked into the text to illustrate aspects under discussion. These are accidents which have been investigated by the Division of Occupational Safety of the Department of Manpower. Identifying features have been omitted. A limited comparison is made between the Factories Act and the British and American occupational safety acts. The proposed Machinery and Occupational Safety Draft Bill is discussed. It is concluded that there are factors for accident prevention embodied in the. Act. These are: legal registration, approvals, specific regulations, written appointments of competent persons, appointment of inspectors and accident enquiries. How effective these factors are, requires further statistical work. Certain recommendations are made which are intended to make the application of the Act more effective. A particular shortcoming of the Act is the small emphasis on training of persons in safety awareness. Greater provision should be made for such training and definite guidelines should be laid down in the Act for safety training of the worker. The Government has published a Machinery and Occupational Safety Draft Bill which retains many of the features of the present Act. If the positive factors discussed in this thesis are retained and added to during the passage of the new Bill through Parliament, industry and its workers should feel the benefits in the years ahead.

Bibliography: p. 291-297. / The marketing of academic courses is a topic receiving increasing attention - both in terms of academic interest and out of practical necessity. In this study an extensive marketing evaluation is done of a particular course - the Industrial Administration Programme (IAP) at the University of Cape Town. This example serves as the specific model used to illustrate the process of marketing strategy design. The primary objective of this study is to illustrate how the principles of marketing strategy design may effectively be used to formulate a specific and detailed marketing strategy and plan for academic courses but particularly those at post graduate level. The illustrative example chosen is the Industrial Administration Programme offered by the Faculty of Engineering at U.C.T. Though the very specific nature of the research done into the IAP precludes the use of this study as a universal model for evolving a marketing strategy for academic courses, it does serve the function of acting as a guide as to how similar marketing problems may be approached. Part I describes the theory, process and procedures adopted to recommend the marketing strategy, while Part II describes in detail the specific plan suggested.

Includes bibliographical references. / In South Africa the domestic sector is an important energy user. Information is available on how much energy is supplied to this sector but little is known about how this energy is utilized. The purpose of this thesis is to try and gather information on this area of domestic energy utilization. As the domestic sector is made up of a large number of mall users a selected sample of the users is needed to provide information which is representative of the sector as a whole. A postal survey was used to gather information from a representative sector of the White community. This method was unsuitable for the Black sector but information on Black household energy usage was obtained from a Department of Health report. With the use of a postal survey of a sample group to estimate results for the sector as a whole, inaccurate results will occur unless the sample is truly representative of the sector. To ensure this, independent figures for the income per household and the number of urban and rural households were obtained and the sample results weighted accordingly.

Bibliography: p. 123-125. / Rapidly rising energy prices have focussed attention on the operating costs of commercial buildings. In order to minimise energy use in new and existing buildings, an effective Energy Management Programme must be implemented .Any Energy Management Prograrme should not conserve energy at the expense of a lowering of comfort standards and subsequent complaints· from occupants. The comfort conditions are determined largely by the lighting and air conditioning systems, which are the two main users of energy in buildings. A hypothetical model building was chosen as the base against which to evaluate measures to conserve energy. This building was based upon a typical modern South African commercial building. As the services systems on buildings are usually quite complex, the performance of each sub-system as well as the interaction between them was analysed using a systems approach.

Bibliography: pages 249-252. / This thesis is concerned with identifying and resolving organisational issues and details research that was undertaken in a manufacturing organisation, Rhomberg Brasier - a company which has been experiencing problems, which have developed in recent years.

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